{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:58:08Z","timestamp":1792447088340,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,29]],"date-time":"2009-08-29T09:40:22Z","timestamp":1251538822000},"page":"1157-1166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":183,"title":["Empowering sex workers in India to reduce vulnerability to HIV and sexually transmitted diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Dallas","family":"Swendeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishika","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sankari","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smarajit","family":"Jana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Jane","family":"Rotheram-Borus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-005-9000-7","article-title":"Housing status and HIV risk behaviors: implications for prevention and policy","volume":"9","author":"Aidala","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aids and Behavior"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331269558","article-title":"Influences of social power and normative support on condom use decisions: a research synthesis","volume":"16","author":"Albarracin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS\/HIV"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsop, R., & Heinsohn, N. (2005). Measuring empowerment in practice: structuring analysis and framing indicators, World Bank Policy Research Paper 3510.","DOI":"10.1596\/1813-9450-3510"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732307309373","article-title":"Participatory change in a campaign led by sex workers: connecting resistance to action-oriented agency","volume":"18","author":"Basu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Qualitative Health Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200407010-00012","article-title":"HIV prevention among sex workers in India","volume":"36","author":"Basu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/oxrep\/grm016","article-title":"India's missing girls: biology, customs, and economic development","volume":"23","author":"Bhaskar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oxford Review of Economic Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-005-9007-4","article-title":"Structural interventions: concepts, challenges and opportunities for research","volume":"83","author":"Blankenship","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Urban Health-Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.866","article-title":"Empowerment to participate: a case study of participation by Indian sex workers in HIV prevention","volume":"16","author":"Cornish","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.894","article-title":"Challenging the stigma of sex work in India: material context and symbolic change","volume":"16","author":"Cornish","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.09.009","article-title":"The necessary contradictions of \u2018community-led\u2019 health promotion: a case study of HIV prevention in an Indian red light district","volume":"64","author":"Cornish","year":"2007","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.08.030","article-title":"Implementing community interventions for HIV prevention: insights from project ethnography","volume":"66","author":"Evans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/13691050701561393","article-title":"The limits of behaviour change theory: condom use and contexts of HIV risk in the Kolkata sex industry","volume":"10","author":"Evans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Culture, Health & Sexuality"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000175399.43457.28","article-title":"Evaluation of sexually transmitted diseases\/human immunodeficiency virus intervention programs for sex workers in Calcutta, India","volume":"32","author":"Gangopadhyay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.03.045","article-title":"Mobilizing collective identity to reduce HIV risk among sex workers in Sonagachi, India: the boundaries, consciousness, negotiation (BCN) framework","volume":"67","author":"Ghose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.066035","article-title":"Public health asks of systems science: to advance our evidence-based practice, can you help us get more practice-based evidence?","volume":"96","author":"Green","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819402100203","article-title":"Health-education and community empowerment \u2013 conceptualizing and measuring perceptions of individual, organizational, and community control","volume":"21","author":"Israel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Health Education Quarterly"},{"issue":"Suppl. B","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib17","first-page":"S101","article-title":"STD\/HIV intervention with sex workers in West Bengal, India","volume":"12","author":"Jana","year":"1998","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.16.5.405.48734","article-title":"The sonagachi project: a sustainable community intervention program","volume":"16","author":"Jana","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aids Education and Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib19","first-page":"125","article-title":"Beyond medical model of STD intervention\u2013lessons from Sonagachi","volume":"39","author":"Jana","year":"1995","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-7660.00125","article-title":"Resources, agency, achievements: reflections on the measurement of women's empowerment","volume":"30","author":"Kabeer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Development and Change"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(99)00200-2","article-title":"Empowerment of women for health promotion: a meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Kar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg156","article-title":"Genders, sexes, and health: what are the connections \u2013 and why does it matter?","volume":"32","author":"Krieger","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/16.2.179","article-title":"Measuring community empowerment: a fresh look at organizational domains","volume":"16","author":"Laverack","year":"2001","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1080\/03610910802178380","article-title":"Sample size calculation and power analysis of changes in mean response over time","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computations"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1300\/J125v13n01_06","article-title":"A context-specific community practice model of women's empowerment: lessons learned in rural India","volume":"13","author":"Pardasani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Community Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3878(03)00025-7","article-title":"Sex workers and the cost of safe sex: the compensating differential for condom use among Calcutta prostitutes","volume":"71","author":"Rao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Development Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib27","series-title":"Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.25.1.47","article-title":"Women's movements in the third world: identity, mobilization, and autonomy","volume":"25","author":"Ray","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9464-3","article-title":"Common factors in effective HIV prevention programs","volume":"13","author":"Rotheram-Borus","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS and Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9515-9","article-title":"Family wellness, not HIV prevention","volume":"13","author":"Rotheram-Borus","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS and Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/10.3.309","article-title":"Empowerment as a multi-level construct: perceived control at the individual, organizational and community levels","volume":"10","author":"Schulz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Health Education Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3102\/01623737025003263","article-title":"Examining relationships between where students start and how rapidly they progress: using new developments in growth modeling to gain insight into the distribution of achievement within schools","volume":"25","author":"Seltzer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib33","series-title":"Persistent inequalities: Women and world development","first-page":"123","article-title":"Gender equality and cooperative conflicts","author":"Sen","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib34","series-title":"Female sex worker HIV prevention projects: Lessons learnt from Papua New Guinea, India, and Bangladesh","author":"UNAIDS","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib35","series-title":"What is the effectiveness of empowerment to improve health?","author":"Wallerstein","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035_bib36","series-title":"Banker to the poor: Micro-lending and the battle against world poverty","author":"Yunus","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953609004717?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953609004717?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T08:23:39Z","timestamp":1558513419000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953609004717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0277953609004717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.035","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}}}