{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T19:09:48Z","timestamp":1793387388148,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006310","name":"Swedish Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Swedish Council for Social Research"},{"name":"Medical Faculty at Lund University"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001808","name":"National Institute of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Swedish Work Environment Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,5]],"date-time":"2010-02-05T09:18:35Z","timestamp":1265361515000},"page":"1237-1245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Conflict between the work and family domains and exhaustion among vocationally active men and women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Canivet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-Olof","family":"\u00d6stergren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara I.","family":"Lindeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BongKyoo","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Karasek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Moghaddassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven-Olof","family":"Isacsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8998.5.2.278","article-title":"Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: a review and agenda for future research","volume":"5","author":"Allen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Health Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib2","series-title":"Measurement of alcohol consumption, encyclopedic handbook of alcoholism","author":"Armor","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib3","series-title":"Happy hour? Studies on well-being and time spent on paid and unpaid work","author":"Boye","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701005098","article-title":"Psychosocial work characteristics as risk factors for the onset of fatigue and psychological distress: prospective results from the Maastricht Cohort study","volume":"32","author":"Bultmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib5","article-title":"Psychophysiological biomarkers of workplace stressors","author":"Chandola","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh155","article-title":"Does conflict between home and work explain the effect of multiple roles on mental health? A comparative study of Finland, Japan, and the UK","volume":"33","author":"Chandola","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-006-0168-6","article-title":"Fatigue, emotional exhaustion and perceived health complaints associated with work-related characteristics in employees with and without chronic diseases","volume":"80","author":"Donders","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib8","series-title":"Critical appraisal of epidemiological studies and clinical trials","author":"Elwood","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00287-1","article-title":"Problematizing gender, work and health: the relationship between gender, occupational grade, working conditions and minor morbidity in full-time bank employees","volume":"48","author":"Emslie","year":"1999","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291705005052","article-title":"The epidemiology of chronic fatigue in the Swedish Twin Registry","volume":"35","author":"Evengard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00106-X","article-title":"Combining a job and children: contrasting the health of married and divorced women in the Netherlands","volume":"54","author":"Fokkema","year":"2002","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00652.x","article-title":"Relation of work\u2013family conflict to health outcomes: a four-year longitudinal study of employed parents","author":"Frone","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.85.6.888","article-title":"Work\u2013family conflict and employee psychiatric disorders: the National Comorbidity Survey","volume":"85","author":"Frone","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1985.4277352","article-title":"Sources of conflict between work and family roles","volume":"10","author":"Greenhaus","year":"1985","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8998.5.1.111","article-title":"Reconceptualizing the work\u2013family interface: an ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family","volume":"5","author":"Grzywacz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Health Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.76.4.560","article-title":"Rational versus gender role explanations for work\u2013family conflict","volume":"76","author":"Gutek","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.2190\/5MYW-PGP9-4M72-TPXF","article-title":"Gender, work control, and stress: a theoretical discussion and an empirical test","volume":"19","author":"Hall","year":"1989","journal-title":"International Journal of Health Services"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(87)90043-8","article-title":"Different social network and social support characteristics, nervous problems and insomnia: theoretical and methodological aspects on some results from the population study \u2018Men born in 1914\u2019, Malm\u00f6, Sweden","volume":"25","author":"Hanson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(97)00019-6","article-title":"Fatigue in the workforce of National Health Service Trusts: levels of symptomatology and links with minor psychiatric disorder, demographic, occupational and work role factors","volume":"43","author":"Hardy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.844","article-title":"Disentangling the causal relationships between work\u2013home interference and employee health","volume":"31","author":"van Hooff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1987.tb00421.x","article-title":"Methods to assess alcohol consumption in 68-year-old men: results from the population study \u2018Men born in 1914\u2019 Malmo, Sweden","volume":"82","author":"Isacsson","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Journal of Addiction"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000063626.37065.e8","article-title":"Antecedents and consequences of work\u2013family conflict: a prospective cohort study","volume":"45","author":"Jansen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.024943","article-title":"Work\u2013family conflict as a risk factor for sickness absence","volume":"63","author":"Jansen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i32","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.suppl_1.i32","article-title":"An epidemiological approach to study fatigue in the working population: the Maastricht Cohort study","volume":"60","author":"Kant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113541","article-title":"Perceived health and mortality: a nine-year follow-up of the human population laboratory cohort","volume":"117","author":"Kaplan","year":"1983","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2307\/2392498","article-title":"Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: implications for job redesign","volume":"24","author":"Karasek","year":"1979","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03002993","article-title":"Testing two methods to create comparable scale scores between the job content questionnaire (JCQ) and JCQ-like questionnaires in the European JACE study","volume":"14","author":"Karasek","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cki079","article-title":"Total workload, work stress and perceived symptoms in Swedish male and female white-collar employees","volume":"15","author":"Krantz","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/11.4.413","article-title":"Double exposure. The combined impact of domestic responsibilities and job strain on common symptoms in employed Swedish women","volume":"11","author":"Krantz","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-X","article-title":"Standardised Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms","volume":"18","author":"Kuorinka","year":"1987","journal-title":"Applied Ergonomics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00105-8","article-title":"Multiple roles and health among British and Finnish women: the influence of socioeconomic circumstances","volume":"54","author":"Lahelma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib32","article-title":"Work\u2013family conflicts and health behaviors among British, Finnish, and Japanese employees","author":"Lallukka","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.01.005","article-title":"Exhaustion measured by the SF-36 vitality scale is associated with a flattened diurnal cortisol profile","volume":"33","author":"Lindeberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890600823485","article-title":"Exhaustion is differentiable from depression and anxiety: evidence provided by the SF-36 vitality scale","volume":"9","author":"Lindeberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stress: The International Journal on the Biology of Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib35","series-title":"The health situation in Malm\u00f6: Report from a mailed questionnaire survey, Spring 1994","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.2.97","article-title":"Ethnic differences in self reported health in Malmo in southern Sweden","volume":"55","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8998.4.2.142","article-title":"Stress and workload of men and women in high-ranking positions","volume":"4","author":"Lundberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Health Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200112000-00003","article-title":"The Malmo diet and cancer study: representativity, cancer incidence and mortality in participants and non-participants","volume":"10","author":"Manjer","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib39","series-title":"The status syndrome: How your social standing directly affects your health and life expectancy","author":"Marmot","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.3.327","article-title":"Burnout and risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence, possible causal paths, and promising research directions","volume":"132","author":"Melamed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm1301_1","article-title":"Symptom reporting and self-rated health among women in mid-life: the role of work characteristics and family responsibilities","volume":"13","author":"Mellner","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.81.4.400","article-title":"Development and validation of work\u2013family conflict and family\u2013work conflict scales","volume":"81","author":"Netemeyer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2007.06.009","article-title":"Combining work and family in The Netherlands: blessing or burden for one's mental health?","volume":"30","author":"Oomens","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Law and Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib44","series-title":"OECD factbook 2006: Economic, environmental and social statistics","author":"Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development","year":"2006"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.034801","article-title":"Incidence of shoulder and neck pain in a working population: effect modification between mechanical and psychosocial exposures at work? Results from a one year follow up of the Malm\u00f6 shoulder and neck study cohort","volume":"59","author":"\u00d6stergren","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib46","series-title":"Modern epidemiology","author":"Rothman","year":"1986"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-002-0369-6","article-title":"Assessment of exhaustion and related risk factors in employees in the manufacturing industry \u2013 a cross-sectional study","volume":"75","author":"Schnorpfeil","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.45.5.414","article-title":"Assessment of vital exhaustion and identification of subjects at increased risk of myocardial infarction in general practice","volume":"45","author":"Schuitemaker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940510006049","article-title":"Can gender differences in psychosocial factors be explained by socioeconomic status?","volume":"34","author":"Sjogren","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494807085307","article-title":"Associations between strain in domestic work and self-rated health: a study of employed women in Sweden","volume":"36","author":"Staland-Nyman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib51","series-title":"Isolation and togetherness \u2013 An outlook on social participation 1976","article-title":"Living conditions","author":"Statistics Sweden","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib60","series-title":"Swedish socioeconomic classification","author":"Statistics Sweden","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib52","series-title":"Swedish annual level of living survey database","article-title":"Time spent on domestic work 2000\/01","author":"Statistics Sweden","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib53","series-title":"Swedish annual level of living survey database","article-title":"Working for a living 1980\u20132005","author":"Statistics Sweden","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.2340\/165019779123165173","article-title":"Psychosocial job factors and symptoms from the locomotor system \u2013 a multicausal analysis","volume":"23","author":"Theorell","year":"1991","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v40n03_01","article-title":"The double burden of and negative spillover between paid and domestic work: associations with health among men and women","volume":"40","author":"V\u00e4\u00e4n\u00e4nen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Women and Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"Ware","year":"1992","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.L7124","article-title":"Gender difference in work\u2013family conflict among Japanese information technology engineers with preschool children","volume":"50","author":"Watai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm1304_2","article-title":"Work\u2013family conflicts and self-rated health among middle-aged municipal employees in Finland","volume":"13","author":"Winter","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2006.04011.x","article-title":"Work-related fatigue and recovery: the contribution of age, domestic responsibilities and shiftwork","volume":"56","author":"Winwood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"}],"container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953610000511?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953610000511?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T03:29:27Z","timestamp":1685417367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953610000511"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0277953610000511"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.12.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}}}