{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:57:51Z","timestamp":1787162271531,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,5]],"date-time":"2014-07-05T05:01:07Z","timestamp":1404536467000},"page":"42-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The politics of tuberculosis and HIV service integration in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Amo-Adjei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akwasi","family":"Kumi-Kyereme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Fosuah Amo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3633-6668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kofi","family":"Awusabo-Asare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200404300-00004","article-title":"Implementing antiretroviral therapy in resource constrained settings: opportunities and challenges in integrating HIV and tuberculosis care","volume":"18","author":"Abdool-Karim","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib2","article-title":"The impact of HIV and AIDS funding and programming on health system strengthening in Ghana","volume":"3","author":"Adjei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Syst. Res. Ser."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2014.880500","article-title":"Political commitment to tuberculosis control in Ghana","volume":"9","author":"Amo-Adjei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob. Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib4","article-title":"Views of health service providers on obstacles to tuberculosis control in Ghana","volume":"2","author":"Amo-Adjei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib5","first-page":"142","article-title":"Current status of HIV\/AIDS treatment, care and support services in Ghana","volume":"43","author":"Ampofo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ghana Med. J."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib6","article-title":"Assessing the impact of TB\/HIV services integration on TB treatment outcomes and their relevance in TB\/HIV monitoring in Ghana","volume":"1","author":"Ansah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czp055","article-title":"Integration of targeted health interventions into health systems: a conceptual framework for analysis","volume":"25","author":"Atun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.826","article-title":"Integration and collaboration in public health \u2013 a conceptual framework","volume":"21","author":"Axelsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Health Plan. Manag."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.893","article-title":"The importance of addressing the unfolding TB\/HIV stigma in high HIV prevalence settings","volume":"16","author":"Bond","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Community Appl. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5973.2008.00548.x","article-title":"The 90-second collaboration: a critical study of collaboration exercises at extensive accident sites","volume":"16","author":"Berlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Contingencies Crisis Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib59","series-title":"Analysing Qualitative Data: Systematic Approaches","author":"Bernard","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib11","first-page":"8","article-title":"Applying contingency theory to international organisations: the case of European integration","volume":"3","author":"\u00c7akir","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Int. Organ. Stud."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57791","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057791","article-title":"Current integration of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV services in South Africa, 2011","volume":"8","author":"Chehab","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/003803857200600101","article-title":"Organisational structure, environment and performance: the role of strategic choice","volume":"6","author":"Child","year":"1972","journal-title":"Sociology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib14","series-title":"Speech at the Launch of the UK Department for International Development's New Health Strategy","author":"Chan","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.01.027","article-title":"HIV and tuberculosis: the construction and management of double stigma","volume":"74","author":"Daftary","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czl014","article-title":"Health service providers' perceptions of barriers to tuberculosis care in Russia","volume":"21","author":"Dimitrova","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1080\/13548500802199753","article-title":"\u201cWe are afraid of them\u201d: attitudes and behaviours of community members towards tuberculosis in Ghana and implications for control efforts","volume":"14","author":"Dodor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Health Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2010.06.017","article-title":"Manifestations of tuberculosis stigma within the healthcare system: the case of Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan district in Ghana","volume":"98","author":"Dodor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib18","series-title":"The Contingency Theory of Organizations","author":"Donaldson","year":"2001"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a03","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S491","DOI":"10.1086\/521111","article-title":"Challenges to the success of HIV and tuberculosis care and treatment in the public health sector in South Africa","volume":"196","author":"Dong","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib21","first-page":"83","article-title":"Bearing witness: methods for researching oppression and resistance\u2014a textbook for critical research","volume":"19","author":"Fine","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soc. Justice Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31818ce6c4","article-title":"Successful integration of tuberculosis and HIV treatment in rural South Africa: the Sizonq'oba study","volume":"50","author":"Gandhi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib23","series-title":"Guidelines for the Clinical Management of TB and HIV Co-Infection in Ghana","author":"Ghana Health Service","year":"2007"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2842","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2012.746796","article-title":"Antecedents of proactive supply chain risk management \u2013 a contingency theory perspective","volume":"51","author":"Gr\u00f6tsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903","article-title":"How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability","volume":"18","author":"Guest","year":"2006","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.036822","article-title":"Resistance and renewal: health sector reform and Cambodia's national tuberculosis programme","volume":"85","author":"Hill","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S238","DOI":"10.1086\/651497","article-title":"Integration of tuberculosis and HIV services in sub-Saharan Africa: lessons learned","volume":"50","author":"Howard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0595-9","article-title":"Impact of integrating HIV and TB care and treatment in a regional tuberculosis hospital in rural Guatemala","volume":"18","author":"Ikeda","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46988","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046988","article-title":"The effect of complete integration of HIV and TB services on time to initiation of antiretroviral therapy: a before-after study","volume":"7","author":"Kerschberger","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib62","series-title":"Agendas, Alternative, and Public Policies","author":"Kingdon","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/2391211","article-title":"Differentiation and integration in complex organisations","volume":"12","author":"Lawrence","year":"1967","journal-title":"Adm. Sci. Q."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12029","article-title":"Integrating tuberculosis and HIV services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Legido-Quigley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tropic. Med. Int. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib34","article-title":"Top management team trust, behavioural integration and the performance of international joint ventures","volume":"7","author":"Liang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Asia Bus. Stud."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02721.x","article-title":"TB and HIV integration: obstacles and possible solutions to implementation in South Africa","volume":"16","author":"Loveday","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tropic. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2000.00151.x","article-title":"Implementing the integration of component services for reproductive health","volume":"31","author":"Mayhew","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stud. Fam. Plan."},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1086\/518655","article-title":"Complications of antiretroviral therapy in patients with tuberculosis: drug interactions, toxicity, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"196","author":"McIlleron","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib63","series-title":"The National Tuberculosis Health Sector Strategic Plan for Ghana","first-page":"2009","author":"National TB Control Programme [NTP]","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib64","series-title":"End-term Comprehensive External Review Report of the Ghana National Tuberculosis Health Sector Strategic Plan 2009-2013","author":"National TB Control Programme [NTP]","year":"2013"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1086\/518660","article-title":"Tuberculosis and HIV infection: the global setting","volume":"196","author":"Nunn","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1080\/14681811.2012.678941","article-title":"Perspectives on HIV\/AIDS stigma and discrimination: voices of some young people in Ghana","volume":"13","author":"Oduro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex. Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00373-8","article-title":"The politics of \u2018branding\u2019 in policy transfer: the case of DOTS for tuberculosis control","volume":"57","author":"Ogden","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib41","series-title":"Qualitative Methods in Social Work Research","author":"Padgett","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib42","first-page":"63","article-title":"Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects","volume":"22","author":"Shenton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Educ. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czq060","article-title":"Health systems, communicable diseases and integration","volume":"25","author":"Shigayeva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib44","article-title":"Communicable disease control programmes and health systems: an analytical approach to sustainability","author":"Shigayeva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czm045","article-title":"Has donor prioritization of HIV\/AIDS displaced aid for other health issues?","volume":"23","author":"Shiffman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1086\/426827","article-title":"How soon after infection with HIV does the risk of tuberculosis start to increase? A retrospective cohort study in South African gold miners","volume":"191","author":"Sonnenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"171","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib47","article-title":"Integrating HIV care into nurse-led primary health care services in South Africa: a synthesis of three linked qualitative studies","volume":"13","author":"Uebel","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib48","series-title":"UNAIDS Calls for an Integrated Approach to HIV and TB Services","author":"UNAIDS","year":"2012"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0184","article-title":"The influence of integrated tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus service delivery on patient outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Uyei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/19416520.2013.774981","article-title":"Returning to the frontier of contingency theory of organisational and institutional designs","volume":"7","author":"Van de Ven","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Ann."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib52","series-title":"Integrated Health Services \u2013 What and Why?","author":"Waddington","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5334\/ijic.234","article-title":"Barriers of inter-organisational integration in vocational rehabilitation","volume":"8","author":"Wihlman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Integr. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib54","series-title":"Interim Policy on Collaborative TB\/HIV Activities","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib57","series-title":"WHO Policy on Collaborative TB\/HIV Activities: Guidelines for National Programmes and Other Stakeholders","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008_bib58","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2013","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953614004377?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953614004377?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T18:20:25Z","timestamp":1538418025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953614004377"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0277953614004377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The politics of tuberculosis and HIV service integration in Ghana","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.07.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}