{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:03:18Z","timestamp":1792652598599,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ES\/M009203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/M009203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,31]],"date-time":"2018-01-31T10:30:40Z","timestamp":1517394640000},"page":"166-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Unintended consequences of the \u2018bushmeat ban\u2019 in West Africa during the 2013\u20132016 Ebola virus disease epidemic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Jesse","family":"Bonwitt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashid","family":"Ansumana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Foday","family":"Sahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann H.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib1","article-title":"Community-centered responses to Ebola in urban Liberia: the view from below","volume":"9","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib2","series-title":"Impact of the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Market Chains and Trade of Agricultural Products in West Africa","author":"Alpha","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib3","series-title":"Communication with Rebellious Communities during an Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea: an Anthropological Approach","author":"Anoko","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1404505","article-title":"Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus disease in Guinea","volume":"371","author":"Baize","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib5","article-title":"Marketing channel of hunting products in northern Nimba County, Liberia","volume":"25","author":"Bene","year":"2013","journal-title":"Livest. Res. Rural Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.11.016","article-title":"Public health and public trust: survey evidence from the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic in Liberia","volume":"172","author":"Blair","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1353\/anq.2017.0022","article-title":"Producing Ebola: creating knowledge in and about an epidemic","volume":"90","author":"Bolten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anthropol. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2028.2008.01013.x","article-title":"Pattern and sustainability of the bushmeat trade in the Haut Niger National Park, Republic of Guinea","volume":"47","author":"Brugiere","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr. J. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.10.063","article-title":"Reaching out to Ebola victims: coercion, persuasion or an appeal for self-sacrifice?","volume":"147","author":"Calain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib10","series-title":"Constructing Grounded Theory","author":"Charmaz","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-2346.12142","article-title":"Waging a war to save biodiversity: the rise of militarized conservation","volume":"90","author":"Duffy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Aff."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib12","series-title":"Etude de la chasse et de la fili\u00e8re gibier dans le corridor du Chemin de fer. Projet SIMANDOU\/Rio Tinto","author":"Dufour","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib13","series-title":"Approche anthropologique de l'\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de FHV Ebola 2014 en Guin\u00e9e Conakry","author":"Epelboin","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib14","series-title":"L'animal cannibalis\u00e9: Festins d'Afrique","first-page":"41","article-title":"Le bon go\u00fbt de la viande de primate: des interdits des Pygm\u00e9es Aka aux injonctions \u00e9cologiques","author":"Epelboin","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib15","series-title":"Addressing Zaire Ebola Virus (EBV) Outbreaks. Rapid Qualitative Exposure and Release Assessment","author":"FAO","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib16","article-title":"The \u00ab exceptionality \u00bb of Ebola and popular \u00ab reticences \u00bb in Guinea-Conakry. Reflections from a symmetrical anthropology approach","volume":"11","author":"Faye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anthropol. Sant\u00e9"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib17","series-title":"The underneath of Things: Violence, History, and the Everyday in Sierra Leone","author":"Ferme","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib18","series-title":"S\u00e9minaire de formation des formateurs et d'analyse des \u00e9pidemies de fi\u00e8vres h\u00e9morragiques due au virus Ebola en Afrique centrale de 2001 \u00e0 2004","first-page":"244","author":"Formenty","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib19","series-title":"Ebola en Guin\u00e9e Foresti\u00e8re. Analyse anthropologique des impacts de la Maladie \u00e0 Virus Ebola (MVE) en Guin\u00e9e Foresti\u00e8re : soci\u00e9t\u00e9, r\u00e9ponse internationale et moyens de subsistence","author":"Gavelle","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1259657","article-title":"Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak","volume":"345","author":"Gire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1353\/anq.2017.0025","article-title":"Ebola through a glass, darkly: ways of knowing the state and each other","volume":"90","author":"Goguen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anthropol. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0910.020493","article-title":"Cultural contexts of Ebola in northern Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Hewlett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib23","series-title":"Ebola, Culture and Politics: the Anthropology of an Emerging Disease","author":"Hewlett","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60858-3","article-title":"Global health security: the wider lessons from the west African Ebola virus disease epidemic","volume":"385","author":"Heymann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib25","series-title":"The Politics of Fear: M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res and the West African Ebola Epidemic","author":"Hofman","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib26","series-title":"Wild Meat Harvest and Trade in Liberia: Managing Biodiversity, Economic and Social Impacts","author":"Hoyt","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib27","series-title":"Promoting Partnerships: Managing Wildlife Resources in Central and West Africa","author":"IIED","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.03.012","article-title":"Privacy, privatization, and the politics of patronage: ethnographic challenges to penetrating the secret world of Middle Eastern, hospital-based in vitro fertilization","volume":"59","author":"Inhorn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0304","article-title":"Assessments of Ebola knowledge, attitudes and practices in Forecariah, Guinea and Kambia, Sierra Leone, July-August 2015","volume":"372","author":"Jalloh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib30","first-page":"714","article-title":"Community knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Ebola virus disease \u2014five counties, Liberia, September-October, 2014","volume":"64","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201404792","article-title":"Investigating the zoonotic origin of the West African Ebola epidemic","volume":"7","author":"Mar\u00ed S\u00e1ez","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.17140\/PHOJ-1-102","article-title":"Is a total ban on business and consumption of bushmeat a sustainable end game for Ebola outbreak in West Africa: but why now?","volume":"1","author":"Mufunda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health - Open J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib33","series-title":"Conservation and Use of Wildlife-based Resources","author":"Nasi","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib34","series-title":"XIV World Forestry Conference","article-title":"The role of bushmeat in food security and nutrition","author":"Nasi","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib35","unstructured":"OIE, Report of the Meeting of the OIE Working Group on Wildlife (83 SG\/13\/GT), Taipei, Chinese Taipei, 2014. World Organisation for Animal Health. http:\/\/www.oie.int\/fileadmin\/Home\/eng\/Internationa_Standard_Setting\/docs\/pdf\/WGWildlife\/A_WGW_Nov2014.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/mam.12074","article-title":"Mammalian biogeography and the Ebola virus in Africa","volume":"47","author":"Olivero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mamm Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12454","article-title":"No conservation silver lining to Ebola","volume":"29","author":"Pooley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib38","series-title":"Ebola: How a People's Science Helped End an Epidemic","author":"Richards","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib39","series-title":"Ebola Impacts on Livelihoods. A Study of Koinadugu District","author":"Richards","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072807","article-title":"The importance of bushmeat in the livelihoods of West African cash-crop farmers living in a faunally-depleted landscape","volume":"8","author":"Schulte-Herbruggen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/s13149-016-0524-z","article-title":"The wanderings of the communication on the Ebola virus disease","volume":"109","author":"Seytre","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1353\/anq.2017.0026","article-title":"\u201cWe know who is eating the Ebola money!\u201d: corruption, the state, and the Ebola response","volume":"90","author":"Shepler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anthropol. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/0098858816658269","article-title":"The perils of panic","volume":"42","author":"Sinha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Law Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-012-0807-1","article-title":"Zoonotic disease risk and the bushmeat trade: assessing awareness among hunters and traders in Sierra Leone","volume":"9","author":"Subramanian","year":"2012","journal-title":"EcoHealth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib45","series-title":"Contagious: Cultures, Carriers, and the Outbreak Narrative","author":"Wald","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1513109","article-title":"After Ebola in West Africa \u2014 unpredictable risks, preventable epidemics","volume":"375","author":"WHO Ebola Response Team","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1353\/anq.2017.0023","article-title":"Emerging disease or emerging Diagnosis? Lassa fever and Ebola in Sierra Leone","volume":"90","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anthropol. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1093\/afraf\/adu080","article-title":"Briefing: Ebola-myths, realities, and structural violence","volume":"114","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Afr. Aff."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.040789","article-title":"Bushmeat hunting, deforestation, and prediction of zoonoses emergence","volume":"11","author":"Wolfe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib50","article-title":"Conflicts between indigenous and scientific concepts of landscape management for wildlife conservation: human-chimpanzee politics of coexistence at Bossou, Guinea","volume":"5","author":"Yamakoshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib51","author":"BBC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib52","author":"CONAKRYINFOS.com"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib53","author":"Guineematin.com"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib54","author":"Guineematin.com"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib55","author":"McGovern"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib56","author":"Nasi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib57","author":"WHO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028_bib58","author":"WHO"}],"container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795361730758X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795361730758X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T10:22:44Z","timestamp":1553077364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S027795361730758X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S027795361730758X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Unintended consequences of the \u2018bushmeat ban\u2019 in West Africa during the 2013\u20132016 Ebola virus disease epidemic","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}