{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T20:58:33Z","timestamp":1788296313224,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016022","name":"Data Center of Management Science, National Natural Science Foundation of China - Peking University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017KEY04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017KEY04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016022","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71873008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71873008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T11:15:24Z","timestamp":1568027724000},"page":"112545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Using community health workers to deliver a scalable integrated parenting program in rural China: A cluster-randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Renfu","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7750-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorien","family":"Emmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Warrinnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Rozelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9508-247X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean","family":"Sylvia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010814-015128","article-title":"Global health and development in early childhood","volume":"66","author":"Aboud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e294","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30018-X","article-title":"Scaling up child psychosocial stimulation programmes for young children","volume":"7","author":"Aboud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.06.020","article-title":"Effectiveness of a parenting program in Bangladesh to address early childhood health, growth and development","volume":"97","author":"Aboud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.02.004","article-title":"Why is multiple micronutrient powder ineffective at reducing anaemia among 12\u201324 month olds in Colombia? Evidence from a randomised controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"Andrew","year":"2016","journal-title":"SSM-Populat. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g5785","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5785","article-title":"Using the infrastructure of a conditional cash transfer program to deliver a scalable integrated early child development program in Colombia: cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"349","author":"Attanasio","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib6","series-title":"Estimating the Production Function for Human Capital: Results from a Randomized Control Trial in Colombia (NBER Working Paper No. w20965)","author":"Attanasio","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib7","series-title":"Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India (NBER Working Paper No. w21740)","author":"Attanasio","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib8","series-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant Development","author":"Bayley","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.130005","article-title":"Responsive feeding and child undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"141","author":"Bentley","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"10064","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31389-7","article-title":"Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course","volume":"389","author":"Black","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"10064","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31390-3","article-title":"Nurturing care: promoting early childhood development","volume":"389","author":"Britto","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib12","series-title":"Optimizing Education Outcomes: High-Return Investments in School Health for Increased Participation and Learning","author":"Bundy","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2007.00124.x","article-title":"Systematic review of the efficacy and effectiveness of complementary feeding interventions in developing countries","volume":"4","author":"Dewey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Matern. Child Nutr."},{"issue":"9557","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60112-3","article-title":"Strategies to avoid the loss of developmental potential in more than 200 million children in the developing world","volume":"369","author":"Engle","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01253-8","article-title":"Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrhoea in less developed countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Fewtrell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2016.05.002","article-title":"Nutrition, information and household behavior: experimental evidence from Malawi","volume":"122","author":"Fitzsimons","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dev. Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12367","article-title":"Cost effectiveness of responsive stimulation and nutrition interventions on early child development outcomes in Pakistan","volume":"1308","author":"Gowani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"9555","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60032-4","article-title":"Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries","volume":"369","author":"Grantham-McGregor","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12284","article-title":"Effects of integrated child development and nutrition interventions on child development and nutritional status","volume":"1308","author":"Grantham-McGregor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e366","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30535-7","article-title":"Integrating an early childhood development programme into Bangladeshi primary health-care services: an open-label, cluster-randomised controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Hamadani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.02.032","article-title":"Parents' healthcare-seeking behavior for their children among the climate-related displaced population of rural Bangladesh","volume":"226","author":"Haque","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib22","series-title":"Giving Kids a Fair Chance","author":"Heckman","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib23","series-title":"The GED Myth: Education, Achievement Tests, and the Role of Character in American Life","first-page":"341","article-title":"Fostering and measuring skills: interventions that improve character and cognition","author":"Heckman","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.010363","article-title":"Early childhood development and nutrition: a review of the benefits and challenges of implementing integrated interventions","volume":"7","author":"Hurley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-S3-S13","article-title":"Impact of complementary food and education on complementary food on growth and morbidity of children less than 2 years of age in developing countries: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Lassi","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.02.028","article-title":"The impact of community context on children's health and nutritional status in China","volume":"179","author":"Lei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e302","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30490-4","article-title":"Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Bangladesh: a cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Luby","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5975","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6125975","article-title":"Anemia and feeding practices among infants in rural Shaanxi Province in China","volume":"6","author":"Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008400","article-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies and developmental delays among infants: evidence from a cross-sectional survey in rural China","volume":"5","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4755-0","article-title":"The effect of a micronutrient powder home fortification program on anemia and cognitive outcomes among young children in rural China: a cluster randomized trial","volume":"17","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/19439342.2011.649044","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of education and health interventions in developing countries","volume":"4","author":"McEwan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dev. Eff."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300687","article-title":"A new framework for childhood health promotion: the role of policies and programs in building capacity and foundations of early childhood health","volume":"102","author":"Mistry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12330","article-title":"Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), environmental enteropathy, nutrition, and early child development: making the links","volume":"1308","author":"Ngure","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12387","article-title":"The role of nutrition in integrated early child development in the 21st century: contribution form the Maternal and Child Nutrition journal","volume":"13","author":"P\u00e9rez-Escamilla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matern. Child Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.01.017","article-title":"Economic evaluation of school-based health centers: a Community Guide systematic review","volume":"51","author":"Ran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib36","series-title":"Early Childhood Development and Cognitive Development in Developing Countries: a Rigorous Literature Review","author":"Rao","year":"2014"},{"issue":"10064","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31698-1","article-title":"Investing in the foundation of sustainable development: pathways to scale up for early childhood development","volume":"389","author":"Richter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160962","article-title":"Concurrent validity and feasibility of short tests currently used to measure early childhood development in large scale studies","volume":"11","author":"Rubio-Codina","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12423","article-title":"Non-clinical interventions for acute respiratory infections and diarrhoeal diseases among young children in developing countries","volume":"20","author":"Seguin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"issue":"9886","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60437-7","article-title":"Effect of provision of daily zinc and iron with several micronutrients on growth and morbidity among young children in Pakistan: a cluster-randomised trial","volume":"382","author":"Soofi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czu014","article-title":"Survey using incognito standardized patients shows poor quality care in China's rural clinics","volume":"30","author":"Sylvia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib42","series-title":"From Quantity to Quality: Delivering a Home-Based Parenting Intervention through China's Family Planning Cadres (LICOS Discussion Paper No. 402)","author":"Sylvia","year":"2018"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2013.03.005","article-title":"Handwashing behavior among Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study in five provinces","volume":"127","author":"Tao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091825","article-title":"Is infant\/toddler anemia a problem across rural China? A mixed-methods analysis","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jce.2019.02.003","article-title":"Are infant\/toddler developmental delays a problem across rural China?","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Comp. Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12313","article-title":"Review of implementation processes for integrated nutrition and psychosocial stimulation interventions","volume":"1308","author":"Yousafzai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"9950","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60455-4","article-title":"Effect of integrated responsive stimulation and nutrition interventions in the Lady Health Worker programme in Pakistan on child development, growth, and health outcomes: a cluster-randomised factorial effectiveness trial","volume":"384","author":"Yousafzai","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197905313002203","article-title":"A new design for randomized clinical trials","volume":"300","author":"Zelen","year":"1979","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953619305398?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953619305398?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T10:31:09Z","timestamp":1777545069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953619305398"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0277953619305398"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using community health workers to deliver a scalable integrated parenting program in rural China: A cluster-randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112545","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112545"}}