{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T08:04:09Z","timestamp":1768723449327,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T06:24:09Z","timestamp":1613543049000},"page":"113778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Public understanding of COVID-19 antibody testing and test results: A qualitative study conducted in the U.K. early in the pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Lecouturier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carly","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei Yee","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Goffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Bonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Michie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Falko F.","family":"Sniehotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406919874596","article-title":"Using Zoom videoconferencing for qualitative data collection: perceptions and experiences of researchers and participants","volume":"18","author":"Archibald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m2469","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2469","article-title":"Why covid-19 antibody tests are not the game changer the UK government claims","volume":"369","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib3","article-title":"COVID-19 antibody tests: a briefing","volume":"369","author":"Baraniuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib4","series-title":"\u2018Coronavirus: Antibody Test 'ready for Production by June'. 3 May, 2020. BBC News","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib6","series-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases","article-title":"The scientific and ethical feasibility of immunity passports","author":"Brown","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf4063","article-title":"Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection","author":"Dan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib8","series-title":"Coronavirus (COVID-19) Scaling up Our Testing Programmes","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib9","series-title":"Health and Social Care Secretary's Statement on Coronavirus (COVID-19): 28 April 2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib10","series-title":"Guidance - for Patients, the Public and Professional Users: a Guide to COVID-19 Tests and Testing Kits","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib11","series-title":"Target Product Profile: Antibody Tests to Help Determine if People Have Recent Infection to SARS-CoV-2","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib12","first-page":"21249642","article-title":"Do antibody positive healthcare workers have lower SARS-CoV-2 infection rates than antibody negative healthcare workers? Large multi-centre prospective cohort study (the SIREN study)","volume":"13","author":"Hall","year":"2021","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.ep11347023","article-title":"The methodology of Focus Groups: the importance of interaction between research participants","volume":"16","author":"Kitzinger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sociol. Health Illness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-01451-0","article-title":"Ten reasons why immunity passports are a bad idea","volume":"581","author":"Kofler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib17","series-title":"Competence and Coping during Adulthood","article-title":"The stress and coping paradigm","author":"Lazarus","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib18","article-title":"COVID reinfections are unusual \u2014 but could still help the virus to spread","volume":"14","author":"Ledford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib19","article-title":"Singapore claims first use antobody test track coronavirus infections","volume":"27","author":"Normile","year":"2020","journal-title":"Feb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib20","series-title":"COVID-19 antibody testing and \u2018immunity certification\u2019","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m3340","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m3340","article-title":"COVID-19: Hong Kong scientists report first confirmed case of reinfection","volume":"370","author":"Parry","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib23","article-title":"Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific immune memory persists after mild COVID-19","author":"Rodda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib24","first-page":"153","article-title":"Cognitive and psychological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: a revised theory of protection motivation","author":"Rogers","year":"1983","journal-title":"Soc. Psychophysiol.: Sour. book"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib25","series-title":"Global Assemblages: Technology, Politics and Ethics as Anthropological Problems","first-page":"439","article-title":"Biological citizenship","author":"Rose","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib26","series-title":"Recovering from Covid gives similar level of protection to vaccine","author":"Sample","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib28","series-title":"The Impact of Believing You Have Had COVID-19 on Behaviour: Cross-Sectional Survey","author":"Smith","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib29","series-title":"Immunity Passports for SARS-CoV-2: an Online Experimental Study of the Impact of Antibody Test Terminology on Perceived Risk and Behaviour","author":"Waller","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09519-2","article-title":"Examining the application of behaviour change theories in the context of infectious disease outbreaks and emergency response: a review of reviews","volume":"20","author":"Weston","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib31","series-title":"WHO Timeline - COVID-19. 11 March 2020","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316631510","article-title":"In-person versus online focus group discussions: a comparative analysis of data quality","volume":"26","author":"Woodyatt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6256","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176256","article-title":"The impact of risk perception on social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in China","volume":"17","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953621001106?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953621001106?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T15:35:31Z","timestamp":1759505731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953621001106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S0277953621001106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Public understanding of COVID-19 antibody testing and test results: A qualitative study conducted in the U.K. early in the pandemic","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113778","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113778"}}