{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:28:39Z","timestamp":1792628919994,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,23]],"date-time":"2023-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016-07099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-07099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011897","name":"Rockwool Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T21:52:44Z","timestamp":1703281964000},"page":"116524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["From unequal injuries to unequal learning? Socioeconomic gradients in childhood concussions and the impact on children's academic performance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"341","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9677-928X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ea Hoppe","family":"Blaab\u00e6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2357-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars H\u00f8jsgaard","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0544-9977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Fallesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib1","series-title":"The Unequal Pandemic","author":"Bambra","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib2","series-title":"Health Inequality: an Introduction to Concepts, Theories and Methods","author":"Bartley","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib3","series-title":"The Danish National Tests at a Glance","author":"Beuchert","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.86.3.337","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral Sequelae of mild head injury in children","volume":"86","author":"Bijur","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/9.5.323","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and injury risk in children","volume":"9","author":"Birken","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr. Child Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2020.12.001","article-title":"Difference-in-Differences with multiple time periods","volume":"225","author":"Callaway","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Econom."},{"issue":"0","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960410023859","article-title":"Prognosis for mild traumatic brain injury: results of the who Collaborating centre task force on mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"36","author":"Carroll","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Med."},{"issue":"0","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960410023732","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: results of the who collaborating centre task force on mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"36","author":"Cassidy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Med."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2590","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7513","article-title":"Cognitive outcomes in children with mild traumatic brain injury: an examination using the national institutes of health toolbox cognition battery","volume":"38","author":"Chadwick","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2016.07.297","article-title":"Intellectual outcome following childhood severe traumatic brain injury: results of a prospective longitudinal study: the seven-year follow-up of the TGE cohort","volume":"59","author":"Chevignard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"4 Suppl. l","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib11","first-page":"287","article-title":"Late intellectual and academic outcomes following traumatic brain injury sustained during early childhood","volume":"105","author":"Ewing-Cobbs","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038161","article-title":"Effect of concussion on salary and employment: a population-based event time study using a quasi-experimental design","volume":"10","author":"Fallesen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib13","series-title":"\u2018Union Dissolution and Children's Educational Achievement","author":"Fallesen","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5462","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5462.2398","article-title":"When an entire country is a cohort","volume":"287","author":"Frank","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib15","first-page":"477","article-title":"Return to school following childhood TBI: who gets services?","volume":"23","author":"Glang","year":"2008","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2021.03.014","article-title":"Difference-in-differences with variation in treatment timing","volume":"225","author":"Goodman-Bacon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Econom."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00446-X","article-title":"Household and neighbourhood risks for injury to 5\u201314 Year old children","volume":"57","author":"Haynes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib18","article-title":"The inheritance of educational inequality: international comparisons and fifty-year trends","volume":"7","author":"Hertz","year":"2008","journal-title":"B E J. Econ. Anal. Pol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.30.3.85","article-title":"The measurement of student ability in modern assessment systems","volume":"30","author":"Jacob","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Econ. Perspect."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.04.003","article-title":"Relationships between child, family and neighbourhood characteristics and childhood injury: a cohort study","volume":"61","author":"Kendrick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/819687","article-title":"20 Years of research on socioeconomic inequality and children\u2019s\u2014unintentional injuries understanding the cause-specific evidence at hand","author":"Laflamme","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib22","series-title":"Improving Your Statistical Inferences","author":"Lakens","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/sjoe.12219","article-title":"The scandinavian fantasy: the sources of intergenerational mobility in Denmark and the US","volume":"119","author":"Landers\u00f8","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand. J. Econ."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.03.013","article-title":"Low-income mothers' social support and children's injuries","volume":"68","author":"Leininger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.66.6.1023","article-title":"Mild closed-head injury in children and adolescents: behavior problems and academic outcomes","volume":"66","author":"Light","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.08.016","article-title":"Concussion and academic impairment among U.S. High school students","volume":"57","author":"Lowry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib27","first-page":"6440","article-title":"Trends in health inequalities in 27 European countries","volume":"vol. 115","author":"Mackenbach","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxz145","article-title":"Childhood unintentional injury: the impact of family income, education level, occupation status, and other measures of socioeconomic status. A systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Mahboob","year":"2019","journal-title":"Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2021.12.010","article-title":"Estimating sibling spillover effects with unobserved confounding using gain-scores","volume":"67","author":"Mallinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024231161740","article-title":"Longitudinal trajectories of posttraumatic headache after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"43","author":"Marbil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4475578","article-title":"The rising influence of family background on early school performance","author":"Markussen","year":"2023","journal-title":"SSRN Electron. J."},{"issue":"9464","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71146-6","article-title":"Social determinants of health inequalities","volume":"365","author":"Marmot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib33","first-page":"333","article-title":"\u2018Executive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury: neural substrates and treatment strategies\u2019 edited by T. W. McAllister","volume":"17","author":"McDonald","year":"2002","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174847","article-title":"\u2018Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and chronic cognitive impairment: a scoping review\u2019 edited by F. H. Kobeissy","volume":"12","author":"McInnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.10.036","article-title":"Older siblings as supervisors: does this influence young children's risk of unintentional injury?","volume":"64","author":"Morrongiello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.02.017","article-title":"Child injury: does home matter?","volume":"153","author":"Osborne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00224-6","article-title":"Gradients in risk for youth injury associated with multiple-risk behaviours: a study of 11,329 Canadian adolescents","volume":"55","author":"Pickett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E24","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000218","article-title":"Long-term school outcomes of children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury","volume":"32","author":"Prasad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3434","article-title":"Academic effects of concussion in children and adolescents","volume":"135","author":"Ransom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib40","series-title":"In Handbook Of Research In Education Finance And Policy","first-page":"491","article-title":"Patterns and trends in racial\/ethnic and socioeconomic academic achievement gaps","author":"Reardon","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib41","first-page":"305","article-title":"Pretest with caution: event-study estimates after testing for parallel trends","volume":"4","author":"Roth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. Econ. Rev.: Insights"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4765","article-title":"The effect of concussion or mild traumatic brain injury on school grades, national examination scores, and school attendance: a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Rozbacher","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215900","article-title":"\u2018Academic outcomes following adolescent sport-related concussion or fracture injury: a prospective cohort study\u2019 edited by J. J. Cray","volume":"14","author":"Russell","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.122.2.107","article-title":"Mild head injury in children and adolescents: a review of studies (1970-1995)","volume":"122","author":"Satz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S179083","article-title":"The Danish health care system and epidemiological research: from health care contacts to database records","volume":"11","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib46","article-title":"The Danish national patient registry: a review of content, data quality, and research potential","volume":"449","author":"Schmidt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.109440","article-title":"Pediatric minor head trauma","volume":"37","author":"Schutzman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/01.DBP.0000268561.80204.2a","article-title":"Pediatric unintentional injury: behavioral risk factors and implications for prevention","volume":"28","author":"Schwebel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.036723","article-title":"Multilevel analysis of associations between socioeconomic status and injury among Canadian adolescents","volume":"59","author":"Simpson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib50","article-title":"De nationale tests samvariation med karakterer - delrapport 2: evalueringen af de nationale test","author":"Skov","year":"2020","journal-title":"VIVE \u2013 Viden til Velf\u00e6rd Det Nationale Forsknings- og Analysecenter for Velf\u00e6rd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib51","series-title":"Documentation of Statistics for the Population 2020","author":"Statistics Denmark","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib52","series-title":"Documentation of Statistics for Hospitalization 2021","author":"Statistics Denmark","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib53","series-title":"Access to Data from Statistics Denmark","author":"Statistics Denmark","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib54","series-title":"Statistical Legislation","author":"Statistics Denmark","year":"2023"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(96)00297-3","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and adolescent injuries","volume":"44","author":"Williams","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.59.4.375","article-title":"Mild head injury in preschool children: evidence that it can Be associated with a persisting cognitive defect","volume":"59","author":"Wrightson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.1082","article-title":"Reliable change in postconcussive symptoms and its functional consequences among children with mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"166","author":"Yeates","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/13638490400011199","article-title":"Neurobehavioural outcomes of mild head injury in children and adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Yeates","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr. Rehabil."}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795362300881X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795362300881X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T16:04:55Z","timestamp":1759507495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S027795362300881X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S027795362300881X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"From unequal injuries to unequal learning? Socioeconomic gradients in childhood concussions and the impact on children's academic performance","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116524","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116524"}}