{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:29:31Z","timestamp":1791458971518,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101116721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101116721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101071773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101071773"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007797","name":"Helsingin Yliopisto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["77204227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["77204227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max Planck Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5714240218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5714240218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG075208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG075208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004012","name":"Jane and Aatos Erkko Fundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["210046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["210046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009047","name":"Strategic Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T03:58:22Z","timestamp":1741751902000},"page":"117954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Living arrangements and chronic disease accumulation among native-born and immigrant older adults in Europe"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"373","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7545-3168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su Yeon","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4138-5886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Oksuzyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"van Lenthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikko","family":"Myrskyl\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.10.1543","article-title":"The Latino mortality paradox: a test of the \u201csalmon bias\u201d and healthy migrant hypotheses","volume":"89","author":"Abra\u00eddo-Lanza","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.304","article-title":"Caregiver burden: a clinical review","volume":"311","author":"Adelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2006.100974","article-title":"Health selection among new immigrants","volume":"98","author":"Akresh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2556","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X21000106","article-title":"Older parents and filial support obligations: a comparison of family solidarity norms between native and immigrant populations in Italy","volume":"42","author":"Albertini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Soc."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1080\/1369183X.2018.1485202","article-title":"Intergenerational relations among immigrants in Europe: the role of ethnic differences, migration and acculturation","volume":"45","author":"Albertini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ethnic Migrat. Stud."},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2315722120","article-title":"Projections of human kinship for all countries","volume":"120","author":"Alburez-Gutierrez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2006.0011","article-title":"Unhealthy assimilation: Why do immigrants converge to American health status levels?","volume":"43","author":"Antecol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.03.056","article-title":"Doubling up: a gift or a shame? Intergenerational households and parental depression of older Europeans","volume":"134","author":"Aranda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib9","article-title":"Family reunification \u2013 who, when, and how? Family trajectories among migrants in Italy","volume":"38","author":"Barbiano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-06200-2_28","article-title":"Human relationships and healthy aging","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Healthy Aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2018.12.005","article-title":"Health differentials between citizens and immigrants in Europe: a heterogeneous convergence","volume":"123","author":"Bousmah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1177\/01979183211067768","article-title":"Gendered and stratified family formation trajectories in the context of Latin American migration, 1950 to 2000","volume":"56","author":"Castro Torres","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Migrat. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-017-0870-1","article-title":"A \u201chealthy immigrant effect\u201d or a \u201csick immigrant effect\u201d? Selection and policies matter","volume":"19","author":"Constant","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Health Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.09.020","article-title":"Under one roof: the effect of co-residing with adult children on depression in later life","volume":"168","author":"Courtin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s12134-008-0061-0","article-title":"The \u201cflexible\u201d immigrant? Human capital discourse, the family household and labour market strategies","volume":"9","author":"Creese","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Int. Migrat. Integrat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X07006307","article-title":"\u2018They ought to do this for their parents\u2019: perceptions of filial obligations among immigrant and Dutch older people","volume":"28","author":"de Valk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ageing Soc."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz101","article-title":"Association between speed of multimorbidity accumulation in old age and life experiences: a cohort study","volume":"188","author":"Dekhtyar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-022-09736-0","article-title":"The impact of demographic change on transfers of care and associated well-being","volume":"41","author":"Dukhovnov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Popul. Res. Pol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12603","article-title":"Trends in living arrangements around the world","volume":"50","author":"Esteve","year":"2024","journal-title":"Popul. Dev. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s10823-010-9112-z","article-title":"Chronic illness self-care and the family lives of older adults: a synthetic review across four ethnic groups","volume":"25","author":"Gallant","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cross Cult. Gerontol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2014.07.007","article-title":"The healthy migrant effect in primary care","volume":"29","author":"Gimeno-Feliu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gac. Sanit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.01.037","article-title":"Reason for immigration and immigrants' health","volume":"158","author":"Giuntella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113218","article-title":"Intersectional migration-related health inequalities in Europe: exploring the role of migrant generation, occupational status & gender","volume":"267","author":"Gkiouleka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2235042X18795306","article-title":"Key factors to consider when measuring multimorbidity: results from an expert panel and online survey","volume":"8","author":"Griffith","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Comorb."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-021-01477-x","article-title":"Adapting the definition of multimorbidity \u2013 development of a locality-based consensus for selecting included Long Term Conditions","volume":"22","author":"Hafezparast","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Fam. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-017-0385-6","article-title":"Correlates of social support among Latino immigrants","volume":"5","author":"Held","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2019.40.4","article-title":"The Healthy Immigrant Effect: the role of educational selectivity in the good health of migrants","volume":"40","author":"Ichou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib28","series-title":"World Migration Report 2022","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2023.101478","article-title":"Healthy immigrants, unhealthy ageing? Analysis of health decline among older migrants and natives across European countries","volume":"23","author":"Jang","year":"2023","journal-title":"SSM - Population Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib30","series-title":"United Nations database on Older Persons Living in Collective Living Arrangements (Technical Paper No. UN DESA\/POP\/2023\/TP\/No.8)","author":"Kamiya","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985-016-0036-1","article-title":"Aging and health among migrants in a European perspective","volume":"37","author":"Kristiansen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181e9b98d","article-title":"Impact of caregiver burden on adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling dependent older care recipients","volume":"19","author":"Kuzuya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib33","article-title":"The contribution of a gender perspective to the understanding of migrants' health","volume":"61","author":"Ll\u00e1cer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2019.40.32","article-title":"Migrant health convergence and the role of material deprivation","volume":"40","author":"Loi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1215\/00703370-11314758","article-title":"At the intersection of adverse life course pathways: the effects on health by migration status","volume":"61","author":"Loi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Demography"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00219-2","article-title":"Cohabitation and marital status as predictors of mortality\u2014an eight year follow-up study","volume":"55","author":"Lund","year":"2002","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100687","article-title":"Trajectories in chronic disease accrual and mortality across the lifespan in Wales, UK (2005\u20132019), by area deprivation profile: linked electronic health records cohort study on 965,905 individuals","volume":"32","author":"Lyons","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Lancet Regional Health - Europe"},{"issue":"Suppl. l_1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cku112","article-title":"Why is the \u2018healthy immigrant effect\u2019 different between European countries?","volume":"24","author":"Moullan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1300\/J083v30n03_12","article-title":"Living alone and depression among older Chinese immigrants","volume":"30","author":"Mui","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Soc. Work"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2017.10.001","article-title":"All-cause mortality and multimorbidity in older adults: the role of social support and loneliness","volume":"99","author":"Olaya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2004.0024","article-title":"Paradox lost: explaining the hispanic adult mortality advantage","volume":"41","author":"Palloni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Demography"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12149","article-title":"Living alone in later life: a global perspective","volume":"44","author":"Reher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Popul. Dev. Rev."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15925","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph121215030","article-title":"Effect of length of stay on smoking among Turkish and Eastern European immigrants in Germany\u2014interpretation in the light of the smoking epidemic model and the acculturation theory","volume":"12","author":"Reiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-016-0542-2","article-title":"Explaining the immigrant health advantage: self-selection and protection in health-related factors among five major national-origin immigrant groups in the United States","volume":"54","author":"Riosmena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Demography"},{"issue":"429","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1995.10476493","article-title":"Analysis of semiparametric regression models for repeated outcomes in the presence of missing data","volume":"90","author":"Robins","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8009(97)00168-7","article-title":"The human development index: a critical review","volume":"25","author":"Sagar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ecol. Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-12-46","article-title":"The relationship between social support and self-reported health status in immigrants: an adjusted analysis in the Madrid Cross Sectional Study","volume":"12","author":"Salinero-Fort","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Fam. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010419-050754","article-title":"Family caregiving for older adults","volume":"71","author":"Schulz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09023-4","article-title":"Changing dynamics of caregiving: a meta-ethnography study of informal caregivers' experiences with older immigrant family members in Europe","volume":"23","author":"Shrestha","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-015-0213-1","article-title":"Role of social support in examining acculturative stress and psychological distress among Asian American immigrants and three sub-groups: results from NLAAS","volume":"17","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immigr. Minority Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-011-0327-x","article-title":"Health care usage among immigrants and native-born elderly populations in eleven European countries: results from SHARE","volume":"13","author":"Sol\u00e9-Aur\u00f3","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Health Econ."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2010.128397","article-title":"Marital status, living arrangement and mortality: does the association vary by gender?","volume":"66","author":"Staehelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X11000390","article-title":"Informal and formal home-care use among older adults in Europe: can cross-national differences be explained by societal context and composition?","volume":"32","author":"Suanet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ageing Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/47.3.280","article-title":"Changes in adult child caregiver networks","volume":"47","author":"Szinovacz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.01.016","article-title":"Returns home by children and changes in parents' well-being in Europe","volume":"200","author":"Tosi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-008-9087-4","article-title":"The impact of salmon bias on the hispanic mortality advantage: new evidence from social security data","volume":"27","author":"Turra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Popul. Res. Pol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib57","series-title":"World Economic Situation and Prospects 2017","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib58","series-title":"World Population Ageing 2017 - Highlights (ST\/ESA\/SER.A\/397)","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.17730\/humo.50.2.p340266397214724","article-title":"Social networks, social support, and their relationship to depression among immigrant Mexican women","volume":"50","author":"Vega","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum. Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2021.09.011","article-title":"Association between marital relationship and multimorbidity in middle-aged adults: a longitudinal study across the US, UK, Europe, and China","volume":"155","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S305","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/58.5.S305","article-title":"Immigrant status, living arrangements, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults","volume":"58","author":"Wilmoth","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gerontol.: Ser. Bibliogr."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbu119","article-title":"Older adults receiving assistance with physician visits and prescribed medications and their family caregivers: prevalence, characteristics, and hours of care","volume":"69","author":"Wolff","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000600","article-title":"Family versus intimate partners: estimating who matters more for health in a 20-year longitudinal study","volume":"34","author":"Woods","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fam. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/15313204.2017.1344950","article-title":"Family relationships, friend network, and worry: a comparison among Chinese older adults in immigrant, transnational, and nonmigrant families","volume":"28","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Ethnic Cult. Divers. Soc. Work"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.5.1090","article-title":"Support from children, living arrangements, self-rated health and depressive symptoms of older people in Spain","volume":"30","author":"Zunzunegui","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953625002849?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953625002849?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T04:27:59Z","timestamp":1777782479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953625002849"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S0277953625002849"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Living arrangements and chronic disease accumulation among native-born and immigrant older adults in Europe","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117954","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117954"}}