{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:48:52Z","timestamp":1787165332972,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,20]],"date-time":"2025-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T23:09:06Z","timestamp":1752880146000},"page":"118435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Blood sugar, social struggles: Biomarkers of socioeconomic, gender, and ethnic health disparities in type 2 diabetes care"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"383","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5363-3691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Consolazio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5681-5861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Giampiero","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr029","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes incidence and socio-economic position: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Agardh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-021-05586-1","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes burden among migrants in Europe: Unravelling the causal pathways","volume":"64","author":"Agyemang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"10365","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01655-5","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes","volume":"400","author":"Ahmad","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib4","series-title":"Neurobiology of Brain Disorders. Biological basis of neurological and psychiatric disorders","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic health disparities","author":"Bailey","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib5","article-title":"Self-care and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): A literature review in sex-related differences","volume":"93","author":"Baroni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.03.022","article-title":"Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity","volume":"110","author":"Bauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.2307\/2676363","article-title":"Converging health inequalities in later life-an artifact of mortality selection?","volume":"41","author":"Beckett","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12229","article-title":"Evaluating area\u2010based socioeconomic status indicators for monitoring disparities within health care systems: results from a primary care network","volume":"50","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3008","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3008","article-title":"Socio\u2010economic status and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"34","author":"Bijlsma-Rutte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes\/Metabol. Res. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-018-1032-2","article-title":"Neighborhood environments and diabetes risk and control","volume":"18","author":"Bilal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549141291S206","article-title":"The Social Determinants of Health: It\u2019s Time to Consider the Causes of the Causes","volume":"129","author":"Braveman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02189-5","article-title":"Sex-related differences in self-care behaviors of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"67","author":"Caruso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v5.i3.296","article-title":"Social determinants of type 2 diabetes and health in the United States","volume":"5","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1057\/s41285-017-0048-z","article-title":"Health lifestyles and the search for a concept of a gender-specific habitus","volume":"16","author":"Cockerham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Theor. Health"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-5890.2016.12109","article-title":"Socio\u2010economic inequalities in health care in England","volume":"37","author":"Cookson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fiscal Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh386","article-title":"Socioeconomic differences in the prevalence of common chronic diseases: an overview of eight European countries","volume":"34","author":"Dalstra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0997-z","article-title":"Built environmental characteristics and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"den Braver","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15010078","article-title":"Environmental risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Dendup","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487317744363","article-title":"Age and gender differences in medical adherence after myocardial infarction: Women do not receive optimal treatment \u2013 The Netherlands claims database","volume":"25","author":"Eindhoven","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2174\/157339911795843131","article-title":"Socioeconomic position and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Europe 1999- 2009: A Panorama of Inequalities","volume":"7","author":"Espelt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.117372","article-title":"The built environment and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"361","author":"Feyissa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.12.004","article-title":"Prevalence of and secular trends in diagnosed diabetes in Italy: 1980\u20132013","volume":"28","author":"Gnavi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr., Metabol. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-13-43","article-title":"Inequalities in health care among patients with type 2 diabetes by individual socio-economic status (SES) and regional deprivation: A systematic literature review","volume":"13","author":"Grintsova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Equity Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2021.100977","article-title":"An investigation of quantitative methods for assessing intersectionality in health research: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Guan","year":"2021","journal-title":"SSM - Popul. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00220","article-title":"Sex and gender differences in prevention of type 2 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Harreiter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-060116-053339","article-title":"Integrating biomarkers in social stratification and health research","volume":"44","author":"Harris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027505285845","article-title":"Do functional health inequalities decrease in old age?: Educational status and functional decline among the 1931-1941 Birth Cohort","volume":"28","author":"Herd","year":"2006","journal-title":"Res. Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-017-0798-z","article-title":"Gender influence on health and risk behavior in primary prevention: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Hiller","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-213435","article-title":"Do men avoid seeking medical advice? A register-based analysis of gender-specific changes in primary healthcare use after first hospitalisation at ages 60+ in Denmark","volume":"74","author":"H\u00f6hn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0442","article-title":"Globalization of diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1137","article-title":"Sex and gender differences in risk, pathophysiology and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"37","author":"Kautzky-Willer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1235","article-title":"Ethnic differences in the relationship between insulin sensitivity and insulin response","volume":"36","author":"Kodama","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.5.703","article-title":"Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: Validation and application of a census-based methodology","volume":"82","author":"Krieger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2020.1787971","article-title":"The relationship between HbA1c reduction and healthcare costs among patients with type 2 diabetes: Evidence from a U.S. claims database","volume":"36","author":"Lage","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib36","series-title":"Race, Gender and Class","year":"2016"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/40164","article-title":"Social determinants of health and diabetes-related distress in patients with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes: cross-sectional, mixed methods approach","volume":"6","author":"Levy","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Form. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17288-x","article-title":"Investigation of predictors of severity of diabetes complications among hospitalized patients with diabetes in Florida, 2016\u20132019","volume":"23","author":"Lord","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1086\/428914","article-title":"Toward some fundamentals of fundamental causality: socioeconomic status and health in the routine clinic visit for diabetes","volume":"110","author":"Lutfey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Sociol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v7.i17.354","article-title":"Update on the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"7","author":"Mar\u00edn-Pe\u00f1alver","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib41","series-title":"Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity","first-page":"3","article-title":"Epidemiology of gender differences in diabetes and obesity","author":"Mauvais-Jarvis","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afn236","article-title":"Inequalities in health at older ages: A longitudinal investigation of the onset of illness and survival effects in England","volume":"38","author":"McMunn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckw222","article-title":"The socioeconomic distribution of non-communicable diseases in Europe: Findings from the European Social Survey (2014) special module on the social determinants of health","volume":"27","author":"McNamara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-017-0952-6","article-title":"Understanding cultural influences on dietary habits in Asian, Middle Eastern, and Latino patients with type 2 diabetes: a review of current literature and future directions","volume":"17","author":"Mora","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12963-020-00244-x","article-title":"Comparisons of individual- and area-level socioeconomic status as proxies for individual-level measures: Evidence from the Mortality Disparities in American Communities study","volume":"19","author":"Moss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Popul. Health Metr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1373-y","article-title":"The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Patterns, clusters and predictions from a large English primary care cohort","volume":"17","author":"Nowakowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-4-16","article-title":"Variation in diabetes care by age: Opportunities for customization of care","volume":"4","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Fam. Pract."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.13156","article-title":"Your wealth is your health\u2019: The fundamental causes of inequalities in diabetes management outcomes: a qualitative analysis","volume":"42","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sociol. Health\u00a0Illness"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.012809.102529","article-title":"Socioeconomic disparities in health behaviors","volume":"36","author":"Pampel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2010.00960.x","article-title":"Do social inequalities exist in terms of the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, control and monitoring of diabetes? A systematic review: Social inequalities in health-care","volume":"18","author":"Ricci-Cabello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Soc. Care Community"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2017.10.031","article-title":"Diabetes and mental health","volume":"42","author":"Robinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Canadian J. Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4137\/BMI.S38440","article-title":"Significance of HbA1c test in diagnosis and prognosis of diabetic patients","volume":"11","author":"Sherwani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomarker Insights,"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib52","series-title":"Handbook of medical sociology, Sixth edition","first-page":"395","article-title":"The application of biomarker data to the study of social determinants of health","author":"Shih","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/21582440251316478","article-title":"Socioeconomic Inequalities in Diabetes Prevalence in Europe","volume":"15","author":"Sidahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sage Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14157","article-title":"Twenty\u2010five years of diabetes distress research","volume":"37","author":"Skinner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"issue":"7258","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.405","article-title":"Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): Prospective observational study","volume":"321","author":"Stratton","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9566.2008.01097.x","article-title":"Towards a sociology of disease","volume":"30","author":"Timmermans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sociol. Health\u00a0Illness"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3390\/diabetology2020010","article-title":"Sex-gender awareness in diabetes","volume":"2","author":"Tonolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13101087","article-title":"Gender-related factors in medication adherence for metabolic and cardiovascular health","volume":"13","author":"Venditti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003320","article-title":"Do men consult less than women? An analysis of routinely collected UK general practice data","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib60","series-title":"Equity, social determinants and public health programmes","first-page":"77","article-title":"Diabetes: equity and social determinants","author":"Whiting","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S331654","article-title":"Personalized Type 2 Diabetes Management: An Update on Recent Advances and Recommendations","volume":"15","author":"Williams","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13222","article-title":"Understanding how discrimination can affect health","volume":"54","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Services Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2014.05.2764","article-title":"Health care provider management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: analysis of trends in attitudes and practices","volume":"126","author":"Williamson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Postgraduate Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2337\/ds18-0023","article-title":"Associations between diabetes-related distress and cardiovascular complication risks in patients with type 2 diabetes and lower socioeconomic status: a pilot study","volume":"32","author":"Young","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr."}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795362500766X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795362500766X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:11:21Z","timestamp":1783527081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S027795362500766X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S027795362500766X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Blood sugar, social struggles: Biomarkers of socioeconomic, gender, and ethnic health disparities in type 2 diabetes care","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118435","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118435"}}