{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T02:29:11Z","timestamp":1785292151584,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008134","name":"California State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008134","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008312","name":"California State University Fullerton","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T21:56:32Z","timestamp":1754430992000},"page":"118456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Social interventions in times of crisis: Community perceptions of integrating social determinants and equity into the COVID-19 response"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"384","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1943-7718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor M.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib4","series-title":"Viral Justice: How We Grow the World We Want","author":"Benjamin","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib5","series-title":"On Critique: a Sociology of Emancipation","author":"Boltanski","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib6","series-title":"The New Spirit of Capitalism","author":"Boltanski","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031210-101218","article-title":"The social determinants of health: coming of age","volume":"32","author":"Braveman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114453","article-title":"Imagining the \u2018Structural\u2019 in medical education and practice in the United States: a curricular investigation","volume":"300","author":"Burson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib12","series-title":"Constructing Grounded Theory","author":"Charmaz","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1017\/jme.2021.34","article-title":"Bounded justice and the limits of health equity","volume":"49","author":"Creary","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Law Med. Ethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/00221465231190061","article-title":"Racing the machine: data analytic technologies and institutional inscription of racialized health injustice","volume":"65","author":"Cruz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2025.2543029","article-title":"The Social Lives of COVID-19 Data: following Disease Surveillance from Institutions of Power into Everyday Pandemic Society","author":"Cruz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Information, Communication & Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114295","article-title":"Capturing patients, missing inequities: data standardization on sexual orientation and gender identity across unequal clinical contexts","volume":"285","author":"Cruz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib16","series-title":"If They Come in the Morning\u2026 Voices of Resistance. New York: Verso","author":"Davis","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib17","series-title":"Black Reconstruction: an Essay Toward a History of the Part which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860-1880","author":"Du Bois","year":"1935"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20539517231213820","article-title":"Clinical algorithms, racism, and \u2018fairness\u2019 in healthcare: a case of bounded justice","volume":"10","author":"El-Azab","year":"2023","journal-title":"Big Data & Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib19","series-title":"The Condition of the Working Class in England","author":"Engels","year":"1845"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib20","series-title":"Inclusion: the Politics of Difference in Medical Research","author":"Epstein","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib21","series-title":"Pandemic Exposures: Economy and Society in the Time of Coronavirus","author":"Fassin","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib22","author":"Fauci","year":"2020","journal-title":"\u201cDr. Fauci on Health Disparities in U.S.\u201d CSPAN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib23","unstructured":"Fisher, Max and Emma Bubola. \u201cAs coronavirus deepens inequality, inequality worsens its spread.\u201d N. Y. Times. Retrieved September 16, 2024. (https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/03\/15\/world\/europe\/coronavirus-inequality.html)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116302","article-title":"Black in the pandemic: comparing experiences of mistrust, anxiety, and the COVID-19 vaccine among black adults in the U.S","volume":"338","author":"Goodwill","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113884","article-title":"How information about race-based health disparities affects policy preferences: evidence from a survey experiment about the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States","volume":"277","author":"Harell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib26","series-title":"The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib27","series-title":"Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1177\/03063127241288498","article-title":"Marginalized measures: the harmonization of diversity in precision medicine research","volume":"55","author":"Jeske","year":"2025","journal-title":"Soc. Stud. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib29","series-title":"Content Analysis: an Introduction to its Methodology","author":"Krippendorff","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib30","first-page":"80","article-title":"Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease","author":"Link","year":"1995","journal-title":"JHSB Extra Issue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113047","article-title":"The state they\u2019re in\u2019: unpacking fantasy paradigms of health improvement interventions as tools for addressing health inequalities","volume":"256","author":"Mackenzie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/0162243912473162","article-title":"Why justice? Special issue on entanglements of science, ethics, and justice","volume":"38","author":"Mamo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Hum. Val."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib33","series-title":"The Role of Medicine: Dream, Mirage, or Nemesis?","author":"McKeown","year":"1976"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.2307\/3349539","article-title":"The questionable contribution of medical measures to the decline of mortality in the United States in the twentieth century","volume":"55","author":"McKinlay","year":"1977","journal-title":"Milbank Meml. Fund Q. - Health & Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.06.032","article-title":"Structural competency: theorizing a new medical engagement with stigma and inequality","volume":"103","author":"Metzl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib36","series-title":"Body and Soul: the Black Panther Party and the Fight Against Medical Discrimination","author":"Nelson","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/socpro\/spaa012","article-title":"We'd rather be relevant than theoretically accurate\u2019: the translation and commodification of social scientific knowledge for clinical practice","volume":"68","author":"Olsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc. Probl."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/09581596.2010.485606","article-title":"A discourse analysis of the social determinants of health","volume":"21","author":"Raphael","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-090324-034627","article-title":"The cultural, definitional, and institutional politics of healthcare","volume":"51","author":"Reich","year":"2025","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"issue":"Aug\/Nov 2015","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1057\/sth.2015.12","article-title":"Fantasy paradigms of health inequalities: utopian thinking?","volume":"13","author":"Scott-Samuel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc. Theor. Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.13261","article-title":"The importance of qualitative methods for understanding racialized injustice and health","volume":"18","author":"Spencer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sociology Compass"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116007","article-title":"Mitigating the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations: lessons for improving health and social equity","volume":"328","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115548","article-title":"Discuss and remember: clinician strategies for integrating social determinants of health in patient records and care","volume":"315","author":"Vale","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib44","series-title":"The Light of Truth: Writings of an Anti-lynching Crusader","first-page":"214","article-title":"She pleads for her race","author":"Wells","year":"1894"},{"issue":"Suppl. l","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.1177\/0022146510383838","article-title":"\u201cUnderstanding racial-ethnic disparities in health: sociological contributions","volume":"51","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040218-043750","article-title":"Racism and health: evidence and needed research","volume":"40","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1111\/maq.12586","article-title":"Reworking the social determinants of health: responding to material semiotic indeterminacy in public health interventions","volume":"34","author":"Yates-Doerr","year":"2020","journal-title":"MAQ"}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953625007877?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953625007877?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T04:27:22Z","timestamp":1780115242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953625007877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0277953625007877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Social interventions in times of crisis: Community perceptions of integrating social determinants and equity into the COVID-19 response","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118456","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118456"}}