{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:15:42Z","timestamp":1791893742773,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007107","name":"Institute for Population Research, Ohio State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P2CHD058484"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2CHD058484"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T07:16:46Z","timestamp":1766647006000},"page":"118913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["\u201cWhat's wrong with me?\u201d: Women's perceptions of gendered infertility stigma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"392","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5200-8181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Bornstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3039-6096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna C.","family":"Church","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7912-5772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaleb","family":"Masterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8719-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica D.","family":"Gipson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison H.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Failure in identity building as the main challenge of infertility: a qualitative study","volume":"21","author":"Alamin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Reproduction Infertil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073014-112258","article-title":"Reproduction","volume":"41","author":"Almeling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243213484510","article-title":"More and less than equal: how men factor in the reproductive equation","volume":"27","author":"Almeling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gend. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.13684","article-title":"On the definition of stigma","volume":"28","author":"Andersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Eval. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406919874596","article-title":"Using zoom videoconferencing for qualitative data collection: perceptions and experiences of researchers and participants","volume":"18","author":"Archibald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1525\/maq.1994.8.4.02a00040","article-title":"Metaphors in disrupted lives: infertility and cultural constructions of continuity","volume":"8","author":"Becker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med. Anthropol. Q."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11133-015-9315-2","article-title":"Overcoming (and maintaining) reproductive difference: similarities in the gendered experience of infertility","volume":"38","author":"Bell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Sociol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243219849526","article-title":"\u201cI'm not really 100% a woman if I can't have a kid\u201d: infertility and the intersection of gender, identity, and the body","volume":"33","author":"Bell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gend. Soc."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib9","first-page":"517","article-title":"Experiences with achieving pregnancy and giving birth among transgender men: a narrative literature review","volume":"93","author":"Besse","year":"2020","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.112910","article-title":"Individual and community-level impact of infertility-related stigma in Malawi","volume":"251","author":"Bornstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01973533.2012.746147","article-title":"Stigma: advances in theory and research","volume":"35","author":"Bos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic Appl. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib12","first-page":"367","article-title":"Male factor infertility: evaluation and management","volume":"88","author":"Brugh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/gwao.12733","article-title":"Fertility treatment and organizational discourses of the non-reproductive female body","volume":"29","author":"Cervi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gend. Work. Organ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1111\/gwao.12809","article-title":"Organizing male infertility: masculinities and fertility treatment","volume":"29","author":"Cervi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gend. Work. Organ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-618X.2006.tb00856.x","article-title":"The continuity and discontinuity of the embodied self in infertility","volume":"43","author":"Clarke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can. Rev. Sociol.\/Revue Canadienne de Sociologie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1080\/20473869.2021.1989978","article-title":"Clarification of stigma concepts in research with families of individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities","volume":"69","author":"\u010coli\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Disabil."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.7.614","article-title":"How stigma interferes with mental health care","volume":"59","author":"Corrigan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoac051","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoac051","article-title":"Infertility prevalence and the methods of estimation from 1990 \u2013 2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Cox","year":"2022","journal-title":"Human Reprod. Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2013.06.009","article-title":"Where are all the men? The marginalization of men in social scientific research on infertility","volume":"27","author":"Culley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2020.1833366","article-title":"\u201cWith the kanyaleng and the help of god, you don't feel ashamed\u201d: women experiencing infertility in Casamance, Senegal","volume":"24","author":"Dierickx","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cult. Health Sex."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.06.003","article-title":"The impact of perceived stigma and mediating social factors on infertility-related stress among women seeking infertility treatment in Southern Ghana","volume":"65","author":"Donkor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.6.1663","article-title":"\u2035Men leave me as I cannot have children\u2019: women's experiences with involuntary childlessness","volume":"17","author":"Dyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90090-6","article-title":"Plundered kitchens and empty wombs: fear of infertility in the Cameroonian grassfields","volume":"39","author":"Feldman-Savelsberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des035","article-title":"\u201cZero is not good for me\u201d: implications of infertility in Ghana","volume":"27","author":"Fledderjohann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib25","first-page":"22","volume":"28","author":"Forsythe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Social Stigma and the Medicalisation of Infertility"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib26","series-title":"The New Reproductive Order: Technology, Fertility, and Social Change Around the Globe","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction: why do changing In-Fertilities matter to us all?","author":"Franklin","year":"2025"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2006.04043.x","article-title":"\u2018Best practice\u2019 in focus group research: making sense of different views","volume":"56","author":"Freeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.01.015","article-title":"Masculinity, infertility, stigma and media reports","volume":"59","author":"Gannon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2020.07.002","article-title":"Variation in self-perceived fecundity among young adult U.S. women","volume":"31","author":"Gemmill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib30","series-title":"Stigma; Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity","author":"Goffman","year":"1963"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoz014","article-title":"You did not turn up\u2026 I did not realise I was invited\u2026: understanding male attitudes towards engagement in fertility and reproductive health discussions","volume":"2019","author":"Grace","year":"2020","journal-title":"Human Reprod. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib32","series-title":"The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Health, Illness, Behavior, and Society","first-page":"589","article-title":"Gender attitudes: infertility","author":"Greil","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.04.023","article-title":"Infertility treatment and fertility-specific distress: a longitudinal analysis of a population-based sample of U.S. women","volume":"73","author":"Greil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der148","article-title":"Variation in distress among women with infertility: evidence from a population-based sample","volume":"26","author":"Greil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.12624","article-title":"Men and infertility: insights from the sociology of gender","volume":"12","author":"Halcomb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sociol. Compass"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244015610319","article-title":"Experiencing Male infertility: a review of the qualitative research literature","volume":"5","author":"Hanna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sage Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000068","article-title":"Structural stigma and health inequalities: research evidence and implications for psychological science","volume":"71","author":"Hatzenbuehler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib38","article-title":"Anxiety, depression, and infertility-specific distress among women with female factor infertility","author":"Hecht","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib39","series-title":"Qualitative Research Methods (16094700)","author":"Hennink","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316665344","article-title":"Code saturation versus meaning saturation: how many interviews are enough?","volume":"27","author":"Hennink","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687","article-title":"Three approaches to qualitative content analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hsieh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib42","first-page":"195","article-title":"The value of children \u2013 fertility, personal choices and public needs","volume":"vol. 12","author":"Jensen","year":"2009"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-018-1197-4","article-title":"Public perception of female fertility: initial fertility, peak fertility, and age-related infertility among US adults","volume":"47","author":"Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Sex. Behav."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s12646-016-0358-6","article-title":"Quality of life and infertility: influence of gender, years of marital life, resilience, and anxiety","volume":"61","author":"Jisha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010116675987","article-title":"A dyadic approach to infertility stress, marital adjustment, and depression on quality of life in infertile couples","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Holist. Nurs."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.06.002","article-title":"The \u2018side effects\u2019 of medicalization: a meta-analytic review of how biogenetic explanations affect stigma","volume":"33","author":"Kvaale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S54081","article-title":"Perspectives on perceived stigma and self-stigma in adult male patients with depression","volume":"10","author":"Latalova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2699","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S539531","article-title":"\u201cLiving with silence and shame\u201d: a meta-synthesis of women's lived experiences of infertility-related stigma","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Wom. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732318807208","article-title":"Five approaches to qualitative comparison groups in health research: a scoping review","volume":"29","author":"Lindsay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.27.1.363","article-title":"Conceptualizing stigma","volume":"27","author":"Link","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1080\/0092623X.2014.958789","article-title":"The impact of infertility on the psychological well-being, marital relationships, sexual relationships, and quality of life of couples: a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Luk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Sex Marital Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib52","series-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Stigma, Discrimination, and Health","author":"Major","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib53","article-title":"\u201cI don't know if i'm a dad, I don't know if i'm a mom, I think i'm both\u201d: gender identity, parenting desires, and pregnancy among transgender, nonbinary, and gender expansive adults","volume":"7","author":"Masterson","year":"2025","journal-title":"SSM - Qualit. Res. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480719833418","article-title":"Women's experience of infertility and disenfranchised grief","volume":"27","author":"McBain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fam. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2000.00427.x","article-title":"Gender equity in theories of fertility transition","volume":"26","author":"McDonald","year":"2000","journal-title":"Popul. Dev. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1080\/01639625.1985.9967686","article-title":"Perceptions of informal sanctioning and the stigma of involuntary childlessness","volume":"6","author":"Miall","year":"1985","journal-title":"Deviant Behav."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.2307\/800719","article-title":"The stigma of involuntary childlessness","volume":"33","author":"Miall","year":"1986","journal-title":"Soc. Probl."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-618X.1994.tb00828.x","article-title":"Community constructs of involuntary childlessness: sympathy, stigma, and social support","volume":"31","author":"Miall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can. Rev. Sociol.\/Revue Canadienne de Sociologie"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib59","first-page":"3","article-title":"Gender roles, gender (In)equality and fertility: an empirical test of five gender equity indices","volume":"37","author":"Mills","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can. Stud. Popul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib60","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infertility and impaired fecundity in women and men in the United States, 2015\u20132019","author":"Nugent","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Health Stat. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/02646838.2020.1754373","article-title":"Stress, stigma, violence experiences and social support of US infertile women","volume":"39","author":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Infant Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.05.017","article-title":"Comparing perceived public stigma and personal stigma of mental health treatment seeking in a young adult sample","volume":"219","author":"Pedersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/03009734.2018.1480186","article-title":"What do people know about fertility? A systematic review on fertility awareness and its associated factors","volume":"123","author":"Pedro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Upsala J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.40202","article-title":"Trends in public stigma of mental illness in the US, 1996-2018","volume":"4","author":"Pescosolido","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323211036891","article-title":"Recommendations for virtual qualitative health research during a pandemic","volume":"31","author":"Pocock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096977","article-title":"Examining effects of anticipated stigma, centrality, salience, internalization, and outness on psychological distress for people with concealable stigmatized identities","volume":"9","author":"Quinn","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1177\/0361684315576208","article-title":"The relationship among infertility, self-compassion, and well-being for women with primary or secondary infertility","volume":"39","author":"Raque-Bogdan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol. Women Q."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011084821700","article-title":"Childless in the land of imperative motherhood: stigma and coping among infertile Israeli women","volume":"43","author":"Remennick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sex. Roles"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1976.tb02603.x","article-title":"The motherhood mandate","volume":"32","author":"Russo","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Soc. Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib70","series-title":"The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers","author":"Salda\u00f1a","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib71","article-title":"Dedoose (version 9.0.107) [computer software]","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sociocult. Res. Consult."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11195-014-9348-6","article-title":"Perceptions of women with infertility on stigma and disability","volume":"33","author":"Sternke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex. Disabil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054429","article-title":"Understanding the social meaning of infertility and childbearing: a qualitative study of the perception of childbearing and childlessness in Northern Ghana","volume":"8","author":"Tabong","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib74","first-page":"71","article-title":"Investigating marital relationship in infertility: a systematic review of quantitative studies","volume":"13","author":"Tao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Reproduction Infertil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/0959353500010003003","article-title":"Motherhood and infertility: viewing motherhood through the lens of infertility","volume":"10","author":"Ulrich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fem. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031889","article-title":"Is stigma internalized? The longitudinal impact of public stigma on self-stigma","volume":"60","author":"Vogel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Counsel. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)00124-C","article-title":"Stigma: the hidden burden of infertility","volume":"40","author":"Whiteford","year":"1995","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/cars.12093","article-title":"Motherhood as a gendered entitlement: intentionality, \u201cOthering,\u201d and homosociality in the online infertility community","volume":"53","author":"Whitehead","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. Rev. Sociol.\/Revue Canadienne de Sociologie"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.07.1082","article-title":"A comprehensive examination of infertility stigma among fertile and infertile women in the United States","volume":"112","author":"Worthington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1093459","article-title":"The impact of stigma on mental health and quality of life of infertile women: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-060116-053442","article-title":"The second demographic transition theory: a review and appraisal","volume":"43","author":"Zaidi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."}],"container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953625012444?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953625012444?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T08:22:29Z","timestamp":1781943749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953625012444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["S0277953625012444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"\u201cWhat's wrong with me?\u201d: Women's perceptions of gendered infertility stigma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118913","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118913"}}