{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T16:47:11Z","timestamp":1788540431842,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003321","name":"Queen's University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PCS 189420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCS 189420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:17:21Z","timestamp":1767658641000},"page":"118919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["\u2018It's very hard, it's very very difficult \u2026.\u2019 Exploring the lived experiences of managing diabetes among young people living with type 1 diabetes in underserved communities in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"392","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1760-3524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Kangmennaang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7030-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alhassan","family":"Siiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prince","family":"Ofori-Boateng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana Ama","family":"Barnes Amoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7179-2461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yacoba","family":"Atiase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Bankah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-049738","article-title":"Experience of living with type 1 diabetes in a low-income country: a qualitative study from Liberia","volume":"11","author":"Adler","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217771","article-title":"Enablers and barriers to effective diabetes self-management: a multi-national investigation","volume":"14","author":"Adu","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-010-9492-y","article-title":"Epidemiological transition and the double burden of disease in Accra, Ghana","volume":"87","author":"Agyei-Mensah","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Urban Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14971","article-title":"Diabetes and climate change","volume":"40","author":"Al\u2010Shihabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aogh.2017.10.009","article-title":"Community health workers in diabetes prevention and management in developing countries","volume":"83","author":"Alaof\u00e8","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annals of global health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30181-X","article-title":"Diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa: from clinical care to health policy","volume":"5","author":"Atun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17038-z","article-title":"Non-use of diabetes medication and its associated factors: a comparative analysis of female and male patients in four Sub-Saharan African countries","volume":"23","author":"Ayebeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2023.11.002","article-title":"Beyond the body: using photovoice to explore social determinants of diabetes with South Asian adolescents in the peel Region of Ontario, Canada","volume":"48","author":"Banerjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Can. J. Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2020.11.002","article-title":"Overcoming barriers to physical activity in underserved populations","volume":"64","author":"Bantham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pbj.0000000000000148","article-title":"Factors associated with noncompliance to diabetes medication in a rapidly urbanizing region in Ghana: a mixed-methods study","volume":"7","author":"Berkoh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Porto Biomedical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2014.12.007","article-title":"Dreaming of toilets: using photovoice to explore knowledge, attitudes and practices around water\u2013health linkages in rural Kenya","volume":"31","author":"Bisung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daad120","article-title":"\u2018The solution is we need to have a centre\u2019: a study on diabetes in Liberia","volume":"38","author":"Bleah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Promot. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.3390\/children11091085","article-title":"Psychological and clinical challenges in the management of type 1 diabetes during adolescence: a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Bombaci","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2024.0366","article-title":"The impact of public policy on equitable access to technology for children and youth living with type 1 diabetes in British Columbia, Canada","volume":"27","author":"Bone","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol. Therapeut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib15","first-page":"843","article-title":"Handbook of research methods in health social sciences","author":"Braun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Handb. Res. Methods Health Soc. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.9432","article-title":"Stigma and its association with glycemic control and hypoglycemia in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Brazeau","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.36367\/ntqr.11.2022.e555","article-title":"The big challenge out here is getting stuff: how the social determinants of health affect diabetes self-management education for seniors","volume":"11","author":"Camargo-Plazas","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Trends Qual. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2021.02.007","article-title":"Do children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes suffer from a lack of resources in France? Results from a benchmark study in the New Aquitaine region","volume":"28","author":"Campas-Lebecque","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721720978154","article-title":"An effective model of diabetes care and education: the ADCES7 Self-Care Behaviors","volume":"47","author":"Care","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Diabetes Self Manag Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091782","article-title":"Changing dietary habits: the impact of urbanization and rising socio-economic status in families from Burkina Faso in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"14","author":"Casari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198109342084","article-title":"Photovoice: a review of the literature in health and public health","volume":"37","author":"Catalani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Educ. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib23","article-title":"Challenges of diabetes self-management in adults affected by food insecurity in a large urban centre of Ontario, Canada","volume":"2015","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09716","article-title":"Factors influencing poor medication adherence amongst patients with chronic disease in low-and-middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review","volume":"8","author":"Chauke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.33805\/2576-8484.156","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus: issues, challenges and opportunities","volume":"2","author":"Chukwuma Sr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Edelweiss Appl. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib26","series-title":"Metric Culture: Ontologies of self-tracking Practices","first-page":"117","article-title":"Embodiment and agency through self-tracking practices of people living with diabetes","author":"Danesi","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12191","article-title":"Psychological care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"15","author":"Delamater","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr. Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.12944\/CRNFSJ.7.3.02","article-title":"Determinants of household food insecurity and its association with child malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Drammeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Nutr. Food Sci. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib29","first-page":"93","article-title":"Diet quality of adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary hospital outpatient clinic in Tshwane District, South Africa","volume":"36","author":"Duvenage","year":"2023","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib30","series-title":"Motivational Interviewing for Diabetes Medication Adherence in Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Patients","author":"Ekong","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.29328\/journal.japch.1001055","article-title":"Quality of life in Ghanaian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with non diabetic controls and caregivers' report","volume":"6","author":"Essuman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Adv. Pediatr. Child Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16060771","article-title":"Understanding the interplay of dietary intake and eating behavior in type 2 diabetes","volume":"16","author":"Gal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06670-3","article-title":"The comorbidity of HIV, hypertension and diabetes: a qualitative study exploring the challenges faced by healthcare providers and patients in selected urban and rural health facilities where the ICDM model is implemented in South Africa","volume":"21","author":"Godongwana","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2001.00525.x","article-title":"Examining the validity of pressure ulcer risk assessment scales: developing and using illustrated patient simulations to collect the data INFORMATION POINT: visual analogue scale","volume":"10","author":"Gould","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.106568","article-title":"Coping skills training for youth with diabetes mellitus has long-lasting effects on metabolic control and quality of life","volume":"137","author":"Grey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687","article-title":"Three approaches to qualitative content analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hsieh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib38","article-title":"Diabetes distress in young adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross\u2010sectional survey in China","volume":"2020","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib39","series-title":"Diabetes Atlas","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406919870075","article-title":"Social identity map: a reflexivity tool for practicing explicit positionality in critical qualitative research","volume":"18","author":"Jacobson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2022.06.002","article-title":"Exploring the lived experience of diabetes through an intersectional lens: a qualitative study of adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes","volume":"46","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can. J. Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.110.P398","article-title":"Seasonal trends, clinical characteristics, and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a descriptive study from two private tertiary hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya","author":"Kahssay","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr. Abstr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib43","first-page":"47","article-title":"The expert patient: a new approach to type 2 diabetes self-management based on illness perception and embodied cognition","volume":"17","author":"Karamghadiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Pers."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2011.560315","article-title":"Unraveling seasonality in population averages: an examination of seasonal variation in glucose levels in diabetes patients using a large population-based data set","volume":"28","author":"Kershenbaum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2019.1695865","article-title":"Exploring the relationships between illness perceptions, self-efficacy, coping strategies, psychological distress and quality of life in a cohort of adults with diabetes mellitus","volume":"25","author":"Knowles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol. Health Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.4.668","article-title":"Theories for social epidemiology in the 21st century: an ecosocial perspective","volume":"30","author":"Krieger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.024562","article-title":"Embodiment: a conceptual glossary for epidemiology","volume":"59","author":"Krieger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib48","series-title":"Epidemiology and the People's Health: Theory and Context","author":"Krieger","year":"2024"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13071100","article-title":"Factors contributing to medication adherence in patients with a chronic condition: a scoping review of qualitative research","volume":"13","author":"Kvarnstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406918757631","article-title":"Thinking critically about photovoice: achieving empowerment and social change","volume":"17","author":"Liebenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib51","first-page":"326","article-title":"Photovoice as a community-based participatory research method","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods in community-based participatory research for health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2023.2178989","article-title":"Battered body, battered self: a cross-sectional study of the embodiment-related impairments of female victims of intimate partner violence","volume":"32","author":"Machorrinho","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Aggress. Maltreat. Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib53","first-page":"468","article-title":"A systematic review of the relationships among psychosocial factors and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"6","author":"McCoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Sci."},{"issue":"10072","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30402-6","article-title":"Non-communicable disease syndemics: poverty, depression, and diabetes among low-income populations","volume":"389","author":"Mendenhall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib55","series-title":"Qualitative Data Analysis: an Expanded Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks","author":"Miles","year":"1994"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00613-y","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities","volume":"18","author":"Motala","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-019-0665-4","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus management in young children: implementation of current technologies","volume":"87","author":"Nevo-Shenker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-016-0113-y","article-title":"Glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus among children and adolescents in a resource limited setting in Dar es Salaam-Tanzania","volume":"16","author":"Noorani","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Endocr. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12534","article-title":"Stigma is associated with illness self\u2010concept in individuals with concealable chronic illnesses","volume":"27","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Health Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2559","article-title":"Illness identity in adolescents and emerging adults with type 1 diabetes: introducing the illness identity questionnaire","volume":"39","author":"Oris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1795","article-title":"Gaps in guidelines for the management of diabetes in low-and middle-income versus high-income countries\u2014a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Owolabi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-024-00531-5","article-title":"\u2018The national health insurance policy provides little to no benefit to young persons living with type 1 diabetes (T1D)\u2019: a qualitative study of T1D management cost-burden in Southern Ghana","volume":"14","author":"Owusu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Econ Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1498","article-title":"Knowledge of young people living with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers about its management","volume":"10","author":"Owusu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nursing Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.006","article-title":"Diabetes in the Africa Region: an update","volume":"103","author":"Peer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2020.05.007","article-title":"The experience of embodiment scale: development and psychometric evaluation","volume":"34","author":"Piran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2009.214","article-title":"Should we screen for emotional distress in type 2 diabetes mellitus?","volume":"5","author":"Pouwer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.srhc.2024.101048","article-title":"Psychosocial well-being and diabetes distress in the transition to motherhood among women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes","volume":"43","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sex. Reprod. Healthc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihz096","article-title":"Trends in type 1 diabetes diagnosis in Ghana","volume":"14","author":"Sarfo-Kantanka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177210","article-title":"Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality, morbidity and diabetes management for adults with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Scott","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297393","article-title":"The relationship between climate change, globalization and non-communicable diseases in Africa: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Siiba","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib72","article-title":"Late stage complications of diabetes and insulin resistance","volume":"2","author":"Soumya","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metabol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.2174\/15733998113099990078","article-title":"Growing burden of diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa: contribution of pesticides?","volume":"9","author":"Sylvie Azandjeme","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2022.02.008","article-title":"Associations between socioeconomic status and patient experience with type 1 diabetes management and complications: cross-sectional analysis of a cohort from Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","volume":"46","author":"Talbo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can. J. Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080241","article-title":"Climate change-induced shifts in the food systems and diet-related non-communicable diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and a conceptual framework","volume":"14","author":"Tapkigen","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-023-01559-y","article-title":"Diabetes-specific eating disorder and possible associated psychopathologies in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"28","author":"Tar\u00e7\u0131n","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eat. Weight Disord.-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3106","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20595-6","article-title":"Participant and group facilitator perspectives on a novel culturally tailored diabetes self-management program for African Americans","volume":"24","author":"Tarfa","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800410383121","article-title":"Qualitative quality: eight \u201cbig-tent\u201d criteria for excellent qualitative research","volume":"16","author":"Tracy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Qual. Inq."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.556520","article-title":"Body image problems and disordered eating behaviors in Italian adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes: an examination with a gender-specific body image measure","volume":"11","author":"Troncone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880-019-09665-9","article-title":"Disordered eating behaviors among Italian adolescents with type 1 diabetes: exploring relationships with parents' eating disorder symptoms, externalizing and internalizing behaviors, and body image problems","volume":"27","author":"Troncone","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000148","article-title":"Seasonal variations of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-diabetes mellitus: clinical analysis of 578 hypoglycemia cases","volume":"93","author":"Tsujimoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818801500402","article-title":"Empowerment education: freire's ideas adapted to health education","volume":"15","author":"Wallerstein","year":"1988","journal-title":"Health Educ. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2024.0561","article-title":"Open-source versus commercial automated insulin delivery system for type 1 diabetes management: a prospective observational comparative study from Canada","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol. Therapeut."}],"container-title":["Social Science & Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795362501250X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027795362501250X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T08:21:07Z","timestamp":1781943667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S027795362501250X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["S027795362501250X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"\u2018It's very hard, it's very very difficult \u2026.\u2019 Exploring the lived experiences of managing diabetes among young people living with type 1 diabetes in underserved communities in Ghana","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118919","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118919"}}