{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T09:51:20Z","timestamp":1785750680023,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,4,9]],"date-time":"2027-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1807228800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":282,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG052537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG052537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T17:15:56Z","timestamp":1774545356000},"page":"119234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Contexts, kin and cognition: Effects of living arrangements and family resources on the cognitive function of older adults in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"400","author":[{"given":"Attrayee","family":"Bandyopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3148-1639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim","family":"Korinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3683-6793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Adkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran","family":"Khanh Toan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2017-210236","article-title":"Effects of social network diversity on mortality, cognition and physical function in the elderly: a longitudinal analysis of the Chicago health and aging project (CHAP)","volume":"72","author":"Ali","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1486","article-title":"Global South research is critical for understanding brain health, ageing and dementia","volume":"13","author":"Baez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.08.012","article-title":"Efficiency, capacity, compensation, maintenance, plasticity: emerging concepts in cognitive reserve","volume":"17","author":"Barulli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/jomf.12945","article-title":"Keeping us young? Grandchild caregiving and older adults' cognitive functioning","volume":"86","author":"Caputo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Marriage and Family"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2019.1663491","article-title":"Poverty increases the risk of incident cognitive impairment among older adults: a longitudinal study in China","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.2174\/1745017901006010004","article-title":"Comparative validity of screening instruments for mental distress in Zambia","volume":"6","author":"Chipimo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Pract. Epidemiol. Ment. Health: CP & EMH"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib8","series-title":"Financial Issues Top the List of Reasons U.S. Adults Live in Multigenerational Homes","author":"Cohn","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/14616696.2017.1405058","article-title":"Non-kin ties as a source of support in Europe: understanding the role of cultural context","volume":"20","author":"Conkova","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Societies"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2012.27.7","article-title":"Living arrangements, intergenerational support types and older adult loneliness in Eastern and Western Europe","volume":"27","author":"de Jong Gierveld","year":"2012","journal-title":"Demogr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101122","article-title":"Living alone and risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Desai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ageing Research Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib12","series-title":"International Comparison of Pension Systems","first-page":"379","article-title":"The Vietnamese pension system and aging population","author":"Dinh","year":"2022"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gby119","article-title":"Is living alone \u201caging alone\u201d? Solitary living, network types, and well-being","volume":"74","author":"Djundeva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gerontol.: Ser. Bibliogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2018.12.014","article-title":"Living alone and cognitive function in later life","volume":"81","author":"Evans","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X22000149","article-title":"Social exclusion and health outcomes among empty nest and non-empty nest older people in China","volume":"44","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30039-9","article-title":"Ageing without dementia: can stimulating psychosocial and lifestyle experiences make a difference?","volume":"19","author":"Fratiglioni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"9212","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02113-9","article-title":"Influence of social network on occurrence of dementia: a community-based longitudinal study","volume":"355","author":"Fratiglioni","year":"2000","journal-title":"The lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa072","article-title":"Life-course individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status and risk of dementia in the atherosclerosis risk in communities neurocognitive study","volume":"189","author":"George","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988718774425","article-title":"Living Alone and Dementia Incidence: A Clinical-Based Study in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"31","author":"Grande","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1525\/vs.2009.4.3.17","article-title":"Death and suffering at first hand: youth shock brigades during the Vietnam war (1950\u20131975)","volume":"4","author":"Guillemot","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Vietnamese Stud."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220832","article-title":"Loneliness and cognitive function in older adults without dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Harrington","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027504268574","article-title":"A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys: results from two population-based studies","volume":"26","author":"Hughes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Res. Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05363-w","article-title":"Co-residence with children as a mediator between widowhood and loneliness in older adults","volume":"24","author":"Jiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czac029","article-title":"Identifying vulnerability to poverty and its determinants among older adults in empty-nest households: an empirical analysis from rural Shandong Province, China","volume":"37","author":"Jing","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Pol. Plann."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib26","series-title":"Lifecycle Events and their Consequences: Job Loss, Family Change and Declines in Health","article-title":"Family structure and financial wellbeing: evidence from the great recession","author":"Kim","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7680-6","article-title":"Design and measurement in a study of war exposure, health, and aging: protocol for the Vietnam health and aging study","volume":"19","author":"Korinek","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.116800","article-title":"Cognitive function following early life war-time stress exposure in a cohort of Vietnamese older adults","volume":"349","author":"Korinek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617724000638","article-title":"Marital status, brain health, and cognitive reserve among diverse older adults","volume":"31","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. : JINS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2025.02.005","article-title":"Factors associated with subjective cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly individuals based on living area and living arrangement: a cross-sectional study","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geriatr. Nurs."},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igae098.1294","article-title":"CHILDREN\u2019S RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY, SPOUSAL PRESENCE, AND MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS FOR DEMENTIA","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Innovation in Aging"},{"issue":"10248","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the lancet commission","volume":"396","author":"Livingston","year":"2020","journal-title":"The lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X16000374","article-title":"Living arrangement and cognitive decline among older people in Europe","volume":"37","author":"Mazzuco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ageing Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-022-01533-9","article-title":"Inverse probability weighting to handle attrition in cohort studies: some guidance and a call for caution","volume":"22","author":"Metten","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2010.07.004","article-title":"The long-run impact of bombing Vietnam","volume":"96","author":"Miguel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dev. Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-024-02925-1","article-title":"Loneliness, social isolation, and living alone: a comprehensive systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of mortality risks in older adults","volume":"37","author":"Nakou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib37","article-title":"Population ageing and older persons in Viet Nam","author":"Nam","year":"2021","journal-title":"General Statistics Office"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259788","article-title":"\u201cIt's extremely hard but it's not a burden\u201d: a qualitative study of family caregiving for people living with dementia in Vietnam","volume":"16","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12209","article-title":"Global family change: persistent diversity with development","volume":"45","author":"Pesando","year":"2019","journal-title":"Popul. Dev. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2024.2379404","article-title":"Cognitive function in Vietnam: the effects of war exposure and social engagement","volume":"29","author":"Poff","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1080\/03623319.2020.1851076","article-title":"Cognitive function, co-residence, and social participation among older persons in Thailand","volume":"61","author":"Pothisiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib42","unstructured":"Martin Prince, Anders Wimo, Ma\u00eblenn Guerchet, Gemma-Claire Ali, Yu-Tzu Wu, et al. World Alzheimer Report 2015. The Global Impact of Dementia: An analysis of prevalence, incidence, cost and trends. [Research Report] Alzheimer's Disease International. 2015. \u27e8hal-03495438\u27e9."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-016-0188-8","article-title":"Recent global trends in the prevalence and incidence of dementia, and survival with dementia","volume":"8","author":"Prince","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-011-0032-5","article-title":"The protective effect of marriage for survival: a review and update","volume":"48","author":"Rendall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib45","unstructured":"Rossi, A. S., & Rossi, P. H. (1991). Normative obligations and parent-child help exchange across the life course. In Parent-child relations throughout life (pp. 201\u2013223). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12532","article-title":"Living arrangements and cognitive abilities of community\u2010dwelling older adults in Singapore","volume":"20","author":"Roystonn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbu164","article-title":"Living arrangements and health of older adults in India","volume":"70","author":"Samanta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gerontol.: Ser. Bibliogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib48","unstructured":"Sevak, P., Weir, D. R., & Willis, R. J. (2003). The Economic Consequences of a Husband\u2019s Death: Evidence from the HRS and AHEAD. Social Security Bulletin, 65(3), 31."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbac156","article-title":"Living alone during old age and the risk of dementia: assessing the cumulative risk of living alone","volume":"78","author":"Shaw","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Gerontol.: Ser. Bibliogr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0720-8","article-title":"Effects of tai chi on cognition and instrumental activities of daily living in community dwelling older people with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"18","author":"Siu","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"7-8","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1177\/08982643221131926","article-title":"Marital histories and associations with later-life dementia and mild cognitive impairment risk in the HUNT4 70+ study in Norway","volume":"35","author":"Skirbekk","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Aging Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-023-00319-x","article-title":"The implications of intergenerational relationships for minority aging: a review of recent literature","volume":"10","author":"Sneed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Epidemiol. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702813248","article-title":"What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept","volume":"8","author":"Stern","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70191-6","article-title":"Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"11","author":"Stern","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2012.10.011","article-title":"Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) in a sample of Vietnamese adults","volume":"54","author":"Stratton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gby112","article-title":"Loneliness and risk of dementia","volume":"75","author":"Sutin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gerontol.: Ser. Bibliogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.05.019","article-title":"How do living arrangements and intergenerational support matter for the psychological health of elderly parents? Evidence from Myanmar, Vietnam, and Thailand","volume":"136","author":"Teerawichitchainan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.01.040","article-title":"The long-term impact of war on health and wellbeing in Northern Vietnam: some glimpses from a recent survey","volume":"74","author":"Teerawichitchainan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X10000590","article-title":"Socioeconomic resources and living arrangements of older adults in Lebanon: who chooses to live alone?","volume":"31","author":"Tohme","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ageing Soc."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2025.2512214","article-title":"Widowhood and loneliness: do close relations with adult children alleviate loneliness among widowed parents?","volume":"29","author":"Tolkamp","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"issue":"Suppl. l_1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib61","article-title":"Changes in living arrangements of Vietnamese older adults","volume":"1","author":"Trinh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Innovation in Aging"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111115","article-title":"Greater risk of negative health outcomes of older adults living alone in Vietnam: a community survey","volume":"18","author":"Vo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-10608-w","article-title":"A national program to advance dementia research in Vietnam","volume":"24","author":"Vu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib64","series-title":"The Case for Marriage: Why Married People are Happier, Healthier and Better off Financially","author":"Waite","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S136","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/54B.3.S136","article-title":"At risk on the cusp of old age: living arrangements and functional status among black, white and Hispanic adults","volume":"54","author":"Waite","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650404500106","article-title":"Marital status, marital transitions, and health: a gendered life course perspective","volume":"45","author":"Williams","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12901","article-title":"The worldwide costs of dementia in 2019","volume":"19","author":"Wimo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-020-09628-1","article-title":"Grandparenting and Cognitive Functioning in China","volume":"41","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Population Research and Policy Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbv059","article-title":"Living arrangements and psychological well-being of the older adults after the economic transition in Vietnam","volume":"70","author":"Yamada","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib70","article-title":"Gender differences in the modifying effect of living arrangements on the association of sleep quality with cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib71","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assessing exposure to war-related traumatic events in older Vietnamese war survivors","volume":"15","author":"Young","year":"2021","journal-title":"Conflict Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e739","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012343","article-title":"Duration of poverty and subsequent cognitive function and decline among older adults in China, 2005\u20132018","volume":"97","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03473-x","article-title":"Association between living arrangements and cognitive decline in older adults: a nationally representative longitudinal study in China","volume":"22","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648231203124","article-title":"The Influence of Marriage and Cohabitation on Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged and Older People","volume":"43","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15020207","article-title":"Dementia and mild cognitive impairment identification in illiterate and low-educated people: systematic review about the use of brief cognitive screening tools","volume":"15","author":"Zegarra-Valdivia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/09581596.2025.2581343","article-title":"The nexus between living arrangements and health in older adults: behavioral and psychological pathways","volume":"35","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Public Health"}],"container-title":["Social Science &amp; Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953626003102?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0277953626003102?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:13:56Z","timestamp":1785255236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0277953626003102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S0277953626003102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234","relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-9536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-9536","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Contexts, kin and cognition: Effects of living arrangements and family resources on the cognitive function of older adults in Vietnam","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science & Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119234","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119234"}}