{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:11:08Z","timestamp":1793643068562,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30-CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Pediatric Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T16:49:00Z","timestamp":1741798140000},"page":"101186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pediatric CNS tumors: Overview and treatment paradigms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Karishma","family":"Parikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer Farouk","family":"Sait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0001","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: pediatric brain tumor foundation childhood and adolescent primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018","volume":"24","author":"Ostrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.6296","article-title":"Clinical ascertainment of health outcomes among adults treated for childhood cancer","volume":"309","author":"Hudson","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073815620673","article-title":"Neurological complications of pediatric cancer","volume":"31","author":"Neil","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox148","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of late-onset neurologic conditions in survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors: a Childhood Cancer Survivor Study report","volume":"20","author":"Wells","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.3109\/10428191003754608","article-title":"Central nervous system complications during treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a single pediatric institution","volume":"51","author":"Parasole","year":"2010","journal-title":"Leukemia & Lymphoma."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-022-05301-y","article-title":"The WHO 2021 Classification of Central Nervous System tumours: a practical update on what neurosurgeons need to know-a minireview","volume":"164","author":"Torp","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0007","article-title":"Classification and treatment of pediatric gliomas in the molecular era","volume":"8","author":"Hauser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106","article-title":"The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary","volume":"23","author":"Louis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"12 Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0009","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020","volume":"25","author":"Ostrom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-00902-z","article-title":"Pediatric low-grade glioma in the era of molecular diagnostics","volume":"8","author":"Ryall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24958","article-title":"Long-term outcome of 4,040 children diagnosed with pediatric low-grade gliomas: an analysis of the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database","volume":"61","author":"Bandopadhayay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29907","article-title":"Clinical and treatment factors determining long-term outcomes for adult survivors of childhood low-grade glioma: a population-based study","volume":"122","author":"Krishnatry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.03.011","article-title":"Integrated molecular and clinical analysis of 1,000 pediatric low-grade gliomas","volume":"37","author":"Ryall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.73.0242","article-title":"Pediatric gliomas: current concepts on diagnosis, biology, and clinical management","volume":"35","author":"Sturm","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.561487","article-title":"Cancer predisposition syndromes associated with pediatric high-grade gliomas","volume":"8","author":"Ceglie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001319","article-title":"Novel therapies for pediatric low grade glioma","volume":"37","author":"Demaliaj","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0017","first-page":"vdac122","article-title":"Clinical and molecular features of disseminated pediatric low-grade glioma and glioneuronal tumors: a systematic review and survival analysis","volume":"4","author":"Haizel-Cobbina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurooncol Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0018","first-page":"527","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of pediatric low-grade gliomas","volume":"24","author":"Yaman Bajin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0019","first-page":"750","article-title":"Pediatric low-grade gliomas: implications of the biologic era","volume":"19","author":"Packer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1503894","article-title":"The role of MEK inhibition in pediatric low-grade gliomas","volume":"14","author":"Sheikh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz072","article-title":"Optimizing postoperative surveillance of pediatric low-grade glioma using tumor behavior patterns","volume":"86","author":"Zaazoue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000717","article-title":"Management of pediatric low-grade glioma","volume":"31","author":"de Blank","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-024-06458-w","article-title":"Chemotherapy in pediatric low-grade gliomas (PLGG)","volume":"40","author":"Lassaletta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.6.PEDS22108","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of surgical intervention pattern in pediatric low-grade gliomas: report from the German SIOP-LGG 2004 cohort","volume":"30","author":"Thomale","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0025","article-title":"Single-agent bevacizumab in the treatment of symptomatic newly diagnosed and recurrent\/refractory pediatric cervicomedullary brainstem low-grade gliomas: a single institutional experience","volume":"45","author":"Sridhar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30668","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.30668","article-title":"Visual outcomes after bevacizumab-based therapy for optic pathway glioma","volume":"70","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14246087","article-title":"Impact of bevacizumab on visual function, tumor size, and toxicity in pediatric progressive optic pathway glioma: a retrospective nationwide multicentre study","volume":"14","author":"Bennebroek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2303815","article-title":"Dabrafenib plus trametinib in pediatric glioma with BRAF V600 mutations","volume":"389","author":"Bouffet","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26838","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type 1 and optic pathway glioma: molecular interplay and therapeutic insights","volume":"65","author":"Khatua","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg016","article-title":"Prognostic factors of CNS tumours in Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1): a retrospective study of 104 patients","volume":"126","author":"Guillamo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-0589","article-title":"Cancer and Central Nervous System Tumor Surveillance in Pediatric Neurofibromatosis 1","volume":"23","author":"Evans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos076","article-title":"Visual outcomes in children with neurofibromatosis type 1-associated optic pathway glioma following chemotherapy: a multicenter retrospective analysis","volume":"14","author":"Fisher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perilongo et al. 1999-Spontaneous-partial-regression-of-low-grade-glioma-in-children-with-neurofibromatosis-1-a-real.pdf.","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389901400602"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fangusaro 2009 Pediatric-high-grade-gliomas-and-diffuse-intrinsic-pontine-gliomas.pdf.","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073809338960"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10014-022-00428-3","article-title":"The 2021 WHO classification of tumors, 5th edition, central nervous system tumors: the 10 basic principles","volume":"39","author":"Komori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Tumor Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2022.118183","article-title":"WHO CNS5 2021 classification of gliomas: a practical review and road signs for diagnosing pathologists and proper patho-clinical and neuro-oncological cooperation","volume":"60","author":"Sejda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0037","article-title":"HGG-19. Molecular analysis uncovers 3 distinct subgroups and multiple targetable gene fusions in infant gliomas","volume":"21","author":"St\u00fccklin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy059.297","article-title":"HGG-25. Infant gliomas comprise multiple biological and clinicopathological subgroups","volume":"20","author":"Clarke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"Supplement_6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noz175.774","article-title":"PDCT-13. Entrectinib in children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory solid tumors including primary CNS tumors","volume":"21","author":"Robinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2020.01.004","article-title":"Immunotherapy approaches for pediatric CNS tumors and associated neurotoxicity","volume":"107","author":"Finch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.836452","article-title":"Immunotherapy associated neurotoxicity in pediatric oncology","volume":"12","author":"Shalabi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"issue":"7306","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09173","article-title":"Cross-species genomics matches driver mutations and cell compartments to model ependymoma","volume":"466","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2005.09.001","article-title":"Radial glia cells are candidate stem cells of ependymoma","volume":"8","author":"Taylor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1643-0","article-title":"The current consensus on the clinical management of intracranial ependymoma and its distinct molecular variants","volume":"133","author":"Pajtler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.04.002","article-title":"Molecular classification of ependymal tumors across all CNS compartments, histopathological grades, and age groups","volume":"27","author":"Pajtler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.7825","article-title":"Therapeutic impact of cytoreductive surgery and irradiation of posterior fossa ependymoma in the molecular era: a retrospective multicohort analysis","volume":"34","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s40880-016-0155-6","article-title":"Treatment implications of posterior fossa ependymoma subgroups","volume":"35","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2011.07.007","article-title":"Delineation of two clinically and molecularly distinct subgroups of posterior fossa ependymoma","volume":"20","author":"Witt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"7489","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13109","article-title":"C11orf95-RELA fusions drive oncogenic NF-kappaB signalling in ependymoma","volume":"506","author":"Parker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-0963","article-title":"Cross-species genomics reveals oncogenic dependencies in ZFTA\/C11orf95 fusion-positive supratentorial ependymomas","volume":"11","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01765","article-title":"Conformal radiation therapy for pediatric ependymoma, chemotherapy for incompletely resected ependymoma, and observation for completely resected, supratentorial ependymoma","volume":"37","author":"Merchant","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab034","article-title":"Ultra high-risk PFA ependymoma is characterized by loss of chromosome 6q","volume":"23","author":"Baroni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050544","article-title":"Chemotherapy for intracranial ependymomas","volume":"15","author":"Bouffet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1159\/000028669","article-title":"Chemotherapy in recurrent ependymoma","volume":"28","author":"Siffert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"issue":"Supplement_6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noae145","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2017-2021","volume":"26","author":"Price","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.2792","article-title":"Outcome of children with metastatic medulloblastoma treated with carboplatin during craniospinal radiotherapy: a Children's Oncology Group Phase I\/II study","volume":"30","author":"Jakacki","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0922-z","article-title":"Molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma: the current consensus","volume":"123","author":"Taylor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"7767","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1434-6","article-title":"Resolving medulloblastoma cellular architecture by single-cell genomics","volume":"572","author":"Hovestadt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1569-6","article-title":"Risk stratification of childhood medulloblastoma in the molecular era: the current consensus","volume":"131","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.06.011","article-title":"Early rhombic lip Protogenin(+ve) stem cells in a human-specific neurovascular niche initiate and maintain group 3 medulloblastoma","volume":"187","author":"Visvanathan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7767","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1158-7","article-title":"Childhood cerebellar tumours mirror conserved fetal transcriptional programs","volume":"572","author":"Vladoiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7929","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05215-w","article-title":"Failure of human rhombic lip differentiation underlies medulloblastoma formation","volume":"609","author":"Hendrikse","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-010-1328-2","article-title":"Cerebellar mutism: review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Gudrunardottir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2015.03.019","article-title":"Children's Oncology G. Pilot study of intensive chemotherapy with peripheral hematopoietic cell support for children less than 3 years of age with malignant brain tumors, the CCG-99703 Phase I\/II study. a report from the children's oncology group","volume":"53","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26042","article-title":"Clinical, pathological, and molecular characterization of infant medulloblastomas treated with sequential high-dose chemotherapy","volume":"63","author":"Lafay-Cousin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30204-3","article-title":"Risk-adapted therapy for young children with medulloblastoma (SJYC07): therapeutic and molecular outcomes from a multicentre, phase 2 trial","volume":"19","author":"Robinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1276-0","article-title":"Prognostic significance of clinical, histopathological, and molecular characteristics of medulloblastomas in the prospective HIT2000 multicenter clinical trial cohort","volume":"128","author":"Pietsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70867-1","article-title":"Risk-adapted craniospinal radiotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and stem-cell rescue in children with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma (St Jude Medulloblastoma-96): long-term results from a prospective, multicentre trial","volume":"7","author":"Gajjar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.39.8719","article-title":"Hyperfractionated versus conventional radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy in standard-risk medulloblastoma: results from the randomized multicenter HIT-SIOP PNET 4 trial","volume":"30","author":"Lannering","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.18.4176","article-title":"Hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy in the Milan strategy for metastatic medulloblastoma","volume":"27","author":"Gandola","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4202","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.4980","article-title":"Phase III study of craniospinal radiation therapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for newly diagnosed average-risk medulloblastoma","volume":"24","author":"Packer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.02466","article-title":"The burden of surviving childhood medulloblastoma: a population-based, matched cohort study in Ontario","volume":"41","author":"Coltin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Canada. J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186_bib0073","first-page":"290","article-title":"Molecular correlates of cerebellar mutism syndrome in medulloblastoma","volume":"22","author":"Jabarkheel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Pediatric Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1071909125000075?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1071909125000075?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T19:27:18Z","timestamp":1747337238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1071909125000075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["S1071909125000075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-9091"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-9091","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pediatric CNS tumors: Overview and treatment paradigms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Pediatric Neurology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spen.2025.101186","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101186"}}