{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T22:41:03Z","timestamp":1790980863376,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,19]],"date-time":"2011-11-19T13:13:37Z","timestamp":1321708417000},"page":"833-842","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Spine-area pain in military personnel: a review of epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rollin M.","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelton A.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott R.","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene J.","family":"Carragee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/146.11.776","article-title":"Changes in the distribution of Navy and Marine Corps casualties from World War I through the Vietnam conflict","volume":"146","author":"Hoeffler","year":"1981","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib2","unstructured":"U.S. Civil War Center. Statistical summary: America\u2019s major wars. Available at: http:\/\/www.uspoliticsonline.com\/archives\/warcost.htm. Accessed July 8, 2010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199703000-00006","article-title":"Incidence and methods of diagnosis of musculoskeletal injuries incurred in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm","volume":"32","author":"Truax","year":"1997","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/164.7.460","article-title":"Hospitalization of British troops during Operation Joint Endeavor (Bosnia)","volume":"164","author":"Croft","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61797-9","article-title":"Diagnoses and factors associated with medical evacuation and return to duty for service members participating in Operation Iraqi Freedom or Operation Enduring Freedom. A prospective cohort study","volume":"375","author":"Cohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E289","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.100244","article-title":"Diagnoses and factors associated with medical evacuation and return to duty among nonmilitary personnel participating in military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan","volume":"183","author":"Cohen","year":"2011","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-89","article-title":"Musculoskeletal disorders in physically active conscripts: a one-year follow-up study in the Finnish Defence Forces","volume":"10","author":"Taanila","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00088.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries among Norwegian conscripts undergoing basic military training","volume":"6","author":"Heir","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-151-02-02","article-title":"Gender differences in the cause of low back pain in British soldiers","volume":"151","author":"Stowbridge","year":"2005","journal-title":"J R Army Med Corps"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/166.7.607","article-title":"Impact of chronic low back pain on military service","volume":"166","author":"Ulaska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.K8007","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors for thoracic spine pain in the adult working population: a literature review","volume":"51","author":"Briggs","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Occup Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2285.2008","article-title":"Individual, work-, and flight-related issues in F-16 pilots reporting neck pain","volume":"79","author":"De Loose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318198d517","article-title":"Lifetime asymptomatic for back pain: the validity of self-reported measures in soldiers","volume":"34","author":"Carragee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2236.2009","article-title":"Pain and discomfort in deployed helicopter aviators wearing body armor","volume":"80","author":"Nevin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130600757237","article-title":"Influence of carrying heavy loads on soldiers\u2019 posture, movements and gait","volume":"49","author":"Attwells","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib16","series-title":"The complete Roman army","author":"Goldsworthy","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.169.1.45","article-title":"Soldier load carriage: historical, physiological, biomechanical, and medical aspects","volume":"169","author":"Knapik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199603150-00010","article-title":"Are occupational drivers at an increased risk for developing musculoskeletal disorders?","volume":"21","author":"Magnusson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199201000-00010","article-title":"Self-reported back pain in work lift truck and freight container tractor drivers exposed to whole-body vibration","volume":"17","author":"Boshuizen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365020-00010","article-title":"Risk factors in low-back pain. An epidemiological survey","volume":"65","author":"Frymoyer","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.11.002","article-title":"All-terrain vehicle use in agriculture: exposure to whole body vibration and mechanical shock","volume":"41","author":"Milosavljevic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.04.020","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic pain seven years following limb threatening lower extremity trauma","volume":"124","author":"Castillo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(89)90175-9","article-title":"Determinants of return-to-work among low back pain patients","volume":"39","author":"Gallagher","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2005.05003.x","article-title":"Disparities in occupational low back injuries: predicting pain-related disability from satisfaction with case management in African Americans and Caucasians","volume":"6","author":"Chibnall","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.036046","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of failure to return to work in non-chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Iles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2007.12.003","article-title":"A best-evidence review of diagnostic procedures for neck and low-back pain","volume":"22","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2007.00367.x","article-title":"Psychological predictors of substantial pain reduction after minimally invasive radiofrequency and injection treatments for chronic low back pain","volume":"9","author":"van Wijk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.4.524","article-title":"The pain catastrophizing scale: development and validation","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00097-9","article-title":"Catastrophizing, pain, and disability in patients with soft-tissue injuries","volume":"77","author":"Sullivan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr461oa","article-title":"Early intervention for acute back injury: can we finally develop an evidence-based approach?","volume":"16","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2006.05.0057","article-title":"Pain and combat injuries in soldiers returning from Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom: implications for research and practice","volume":"44","author":"Clark","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.43.3.195","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and self-reported physical health status among U.S. Military personnel serving during the Gulf War period: a population-based study","volume":"43","author":"Barrett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.00934.x","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders and risk of transition to chronicity in men with first onset low back pain","volume":"11","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.380","article-title":"Back pain during war: an analysis of factors affecting outcome","volume":"169","author":"Cohen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181bb11a8","article-title":"Neck pain during combat operations: an epidemiological study analyzing clinical and prognostic factors","volume":"35","author":"Cohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2167.2008","article-title":"Neck strength and EMG activity in fighter pilots with episodic neck pain","volume":"79","author":"Lecompte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E246","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000259927.85981.31","article-title":"Cervical electromyogram profile differences between patients of neck pain and control","volume":"32","author":"Kumar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/164.8.595","article-title":"Thoracolumbar pain among fighter pilots","volume":"164","author":"Hamalainen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-8-56","article-title":"Physical activity is associated with a low prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the Royal Norwegian Navy: a cross sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Morken","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib40","first-page":"101","article-title":"The etiology of low back pain in military helicopter aviators: prevention and treatment","volume":"24","author":"Pelham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Work"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02428309","article-title":"Epidemiologic study of low back pain in 1398 Swiss conscripts between 1985 and 1992","volume":"3","author":"Rohrer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198809000-00013","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging and contrast CT of the lumbar spine. Comparison of diagnostic methods and correlation with surgical findings","volume":"13","author":"Forristall","year":"1988","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B1.7929","article-title":"MRI of cervical intervertebral discs in asymptomatic subjects","volume":"80","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407143310201","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain","volume":"331","author":"Jensen","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2372041509","article-title":"Acute low back pain and radiculopathy: MR imaging findings and their prognostic role and effect on outcome","volume":"237","author":"Modic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X132488","article-title":"painDETECT: a new screening questionnaire to identify neuropathic components in patients with back pain","volume":"22","author":"Freynhagen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rapm.2005.05.013","article-title":"Identifying neuropathic pain among patients with chronic low-back pain: use of the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs pain scale","volume":"30","author":"Kaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2004.01.008","article-title":"Factors predicting outcomes of mechanical sciatica: a review of 1092 cases","volume":"71","author":"Bejia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.2.5.0535","article-title":"Usefulness of neurological examination for diagnosis of the affected level in patients with cervical compressive myelopathy: prospective comparative study with radiological evaluation","volume":"2","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050480","article-title":"Diagnostic value of history and physical examination in patients suspected of sciatica due to disc herniation: a systematic review","volume":"246","author":"Vroomen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0225-6","article-title":"A systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of provocative tests of the neck for diagnosing cervical radiculopathy","volume":"16","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.344","article-title":"Will this patient develop persistent disabling low back pain?","volume":"303","author":"Chou","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2008.11.013","article-title":"Course and prognostic factors for neck pain in the general population: results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders","volume":"32","author":"Carroll","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1547-5069.2008.00237.x","article-title":"Soldiers with musculoskeletal injuries","volume":"40","author":"Jennings","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nurs Scholarsh"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200101000-00017","article-title":"Computed tomography findings in patients with sacroiliac pain","volume":"382","author":"Elgafy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199501000-00007","article-title":"The sacroiliac joint in chronic low back pain","volume":"20","author":"Schwarzer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2004.04009.x","article-title":"Inciting events initiating injection-proven sacroiliac joint syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Chou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199611150-00011","article-title":"Occupational risk factors for the first-onset and subsequent course of low back pain trouble. A study of serving police officers","volume":"21","author":"Burton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-008-0007-4","article-title":"Cognitive effects of opioids","volume":"12","author":"Strassels","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib60","unstructured":"Zoroya G. Abuse of pain pills by troops concerns pentagon. USA Today. Available at: http:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/news\/military\/2010-03-16-military-drugs_N.htm. Accessed June 10, 2010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000290605.55736.e1","article-title":"Diagnoses, treatment, and return-to-duty rates in soldiers treated in a forward-deployed pain treatment center: a prospective observational study","volume":"107","author":"White","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2009.04.008","article-title":"Efficacy of lumbosacral transforaminal epidural steroid injections: a systematic review","volume":"1","author":"Roberts","year":"2009","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a103b1","article-title":"Nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"34","author":"Chou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E123","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2009\/12\/E123","article-title":"Comprehensive review of therapeutic interventions in managing chronic spinal pain","volume":"12","author":"Manchikanti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000260307.16555.7f","article-title":"The efficacy of lumbar epidural steroid injections in patients with lumbar disc herniations","volume":"104","author":"Ackerman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318194e247","article-title":"Complications of transforaminal cervical epidural steroid injections","volume":"34","author":"Malhotra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/35.12.1269","article-title":"The value of SPECT scans in identifying back pain likely to benefit from facet joint injection","volume":"35","author":"Dolan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000210941.04182.ea","article-title":"Clinical predictors of success and failure for lumbar facet radiofrequency denervation","volume":"23","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.01041.x","article-title":"A report of 3 soldiers returned to full duty after lumbar radiofrequency facet denervation in a theater of war","volume":"12","author":"Dragovich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31817f4c7c","article-title":"Randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluating lateral branch radiofrequency denervation for sacroiliac joint pain","volume":"109","author":"Cohen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181a3368e","article-title":"Neuromodulation in patients deployed to war zones","volume":"109","author":"Dragovich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.02.002","article-title":"The risk of traffic accidents after prescriptions of carisoprodol","volume":"39","author":"Bramness","year":"2007","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-008-0497-y","article-title":"The cognitive effects of opioids in cancer: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Kurita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.07.026","article-title":"Validation of a screener and opioid assessment measure for patients with chronic pain","volume":"112","author":"Butler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000209258.42037.02","article-title":"A 5-year follow-up evaluation of the health and economic consequences of an early cognitive behavioral intervention for back pain: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Linton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2009.00715.x","article-title":"The development of an integrated treatment for veterans with comorbid chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"10","author":"Otis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.12.050","article-title":"Isolated lumbar extensor strengthening versus regular physical therapy in an army working population with nonacute low back pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Helmhout","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib78","first-page":"S117","article-title":"Effectiveness comparison between Thai traditional massage and Chinese acupuncture for myofascial back pain in Thai military personnel: a preliminary report","volume":"92","author":"Kumnerddee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.173.7.629","article-title":"Acupuncture: a useful tool for healthcare in an operational medicine environment","volume":"173","author":"Spira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.171.10.1010","article-title":"Auricular acupuncture in the treatment of acute pain syndromes: a pilot study","volume":"171","author":"Goertz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib81","first-page":"360","article-title":"Front-line osteopathic medicine","volume":"106","author":"Hayes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000169332.45209.cf","article-title":"Presentation, diagnoses, mechanisms of injury, and treatment in soldiers injured in Operation Iraqi Freedom: an epidemiological study conducted at two military pain management centers","volume":"101","author":"Cohen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010_bib83","unstructured":"Frontline interview with COL Thomas Burke, Director of Mental Health Policy for the US Department of Defense, US Army Medical Corps, entitled \u201cThe soldier\u2019s heart\u201d. Conducted on December 28, 2004, posted March 1, 2005. Available at: http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/pages\/frontline\/shows\/heart\/interviews\/burke.html. Accessed June 15, 2010."}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943011013283?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943011013283?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T05:33:41Z","timestamp":1639719221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1529943011013283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1529943011013283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.10.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}}}