{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T20:19:50Z","timestamp":1785788390161,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,29]],"date-time":"2013-06-29T00:45:29Z","timestamp":1372466729000},"page":"1801-1808","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effect of vacuum spine board immobilization on incidence of pressure ulcers during evacuation of military casualties from theater"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"James M.","family":"Mok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett A.","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S304","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31817e2854","article-title":"Combat damage control surgery","volume":"36","author":"Blackbourne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib2","series-title":"Emergency war surgery","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib3","unstructured":"United States Army Institute of Surgical Research. Joint Theater Trauma System clinical practice guideline: spine injury surgical management and transport. July 2010. Available at: http:\/\/www.usaisr.amedd.army.mil\/assets\/cpgs\/Cervical_and_Thoracolumbar_Spine_Injury_9_Mar_12.pdf. Accessed August 15,\u00a02011."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib4","unstructured":"Air Force Instruction (AFI) 41-307 aeromedical evacuation patient considerations and standard of care. 20 August 2003 (revisions certified current as of 5 Jul 2011)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib5","first-page":"65","article-title":"Spinal instability as defined by the three-column spine concept in acute spinal trauma","author":"Denis","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197506000-00011","article-title":"Biomechanical analysis of clinical stability in the cervical spine","author":"White","year":"1975","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib7","first-page":"343","article-title":"National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel's updated pressure ulcer staging system","volume":"19","author":"Black","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02615.x","article-title":"Out-of-hospital spinal immobilization: its effect on neurologic injury","volume":"5","author":"Hauswald","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldberg MS. Death and injury rates of U.S. military personnel in Iraq. Mil Med;175:220\u201326.","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-09-00130"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib10","unstructured":"Kang DG, Lehman RA, Jr. Spine immobilization: prehospitalization to final destination. J Surg Orthop Adv;20:2\u20137."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib11","unstructured":"Andersen RC, Ursua VA, Valosen JM, et\u00a0al. Damage control orthopaedics: an in-theater perspective. J Surg Orthop Adv;19:13\u20137."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002803","article-title":"Spinal immobilisation for trauma patients","author":"Kwan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1988.23","article-title":"Prevention of neurological deterioration before admission to a spinal cord injury unit","volume":"26","author":"Toscano","year":"1988","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abram S, Bulstrode C. Routine spinal immobilization in trauma patients: what are the advantages and disadvantages? Surgeon;8:218\u201322.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2010.01.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib15","first-page":"168","article-title":"Pressure ulcer risk following critical traumatic injury","volume":"11","author":"Baldwin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(95)70234-2","article-title":"Pain and tissue-interface pressures during spine-board immobilization","volume":"26","author":"Cordell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(94)90158-9","article-title":"A comparison of the spinal board and the vacuum stretcher, spinal stability and interface pressure","volume":"25","author":"Lovell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.09.017","article-title":"Tissue-interface pressures on three different support-surfaces for trauma patients","volume":"36","author":"Keller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(96)00170-9","article-title":"The efficacy and comfort of full-body vacuum splints for cervical-spine immobilization","volume":"14","author":"Hamilton","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.20.5.476","article-title":"Comparison of a long spinal board and vacuum mattress for spinal immobilisation","volume":"20","author":"Luscombe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/01376517-199208000-00003","article-title":"The relationship between extended periods of immobility and decubitus ulcer formation in the acutely spinal cord-injured individual","volume":"24","author":"Curry","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci Nurs"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943013005378?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943013005378?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,14]],"date-time":"2018-10-14T19:20:24Z","timestamp":1539544824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1529943013005378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1529943013005378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}}}