{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:10:33Z","timestamp":1769818233249,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,21]],"date-time":"2013-09-21T17:23:03Z","timestamp":1379784183000},"page":"1849-1857","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Prognostic factors for return to work in patients with sciatica"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lars","family":"Gr\u00f8vle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne J.","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e5rd","family":"Ntvig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens I.","family":"Brox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margreth","family":"Grotle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01312-4","article-title":"Epidemiological features of chronic low-back pain","volume":"354","author":"Andersson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199810010-00010","article-title":"Work incapacity from low back pain in the general population","volume":"23","author":"Hagen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199802150-00013","article-title":"The importance of radiating leg pain in assessing health outcomes among patients with low back pain. Results from the veterans health study","volume":"23","author":"Selim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.03.026","article-title":"One-year prognosis in sick-listed low back pain patients with and without radiculopathy. Prognostic factors influencing pain and disability","volume":"10","author":"Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198311000-00011","article-title":"The intensity of work recovery in low back pain","volume":"8","author":"Andersson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2004.015842","article-title":"Prognostic factors for duration of sick leave in patients sick listed with acute low back pain: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"62","author":"Steenstra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020278708861","article-title":"Determinants of occupational disability following a low back injury: a critical review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Crook","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198401000-00004","article-title":"Pathoanatomy and pathophysiology of nerve root compression","volume":"9","author":"Rydevik","year":"1984","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2005.03.003","article-title":"Pathophysiology of disk-related sciatica. I.\u2014evidence supporting a chemical component","volume":"73","author":"Mulleman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.41.3.251","article-title":"Lumbar disc syndrome in Finland","volume":"41","author":"Heliovaara","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2005.10.022","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of disk-related sciatica in an urban population in Tunisia","volume":"73","author":"Younes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39223.428495.BE","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica","volume":"334","author":"Koes","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a105fc","article-title":"Surgery for low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American pain society clinical practice guideline","volume":"34","author":"Chou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3180bc2431","article-title":"Surgical interventions for lumbar disc prolapse: updated Cochrane review","volume":"32","author":"Gibson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2707","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000248132.15231.fe","article-title":"United States' trends and regional variations in lumbar spine surgery: 1992-2003","volume":"31","author":"Weinstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2009.08.453","article-title":"Economic impact of improving outcomes of lumbar discectomy","volume":"10","author":"Sherman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.20.2441","article-title":"Surgical vs nonoperative treatment for lumbar disk herniation: the spine patient outcomes research trial (SPORT): a randomized trial","volume":"296","author":"Weinstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib18","series-title":"ICPC-2 International Classification of Primary Care","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199509000-00011","article-title":"Assessing health-related quality of life in patients with sciatica","volume":"20","author":"Patrick","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31818047d6","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Norwegian versions of the Maine-Seattle back questionnaire and the sciatica bothersomeness and frequency indices","volume":"33","author":"Grovle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000083205.82614.01","article-title":"The Maine-Seattle back questionnaire: a 12-item disability questionnaire for evaluating patients with lumbar sciatica or stenosis: results of a derivation and validation cohort analysis","volume":"28","author":"Atlas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3130","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200012150-00008","article-title":"SF-36 health survey update","volume":"25","author":"Ware","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948990270010401","article-title":"A scoring system for subjective health complaints (SHC)","volume":"27","author":"Eriksen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.11.008","article-title":"Comorbid subjective health complaints in patients with sciatica: a prospective study including comparison with the general population","volume":"70","author":"Grovle","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/bs.3830190102","article-title":"The Hopkins symptom checklist (HSCL): a self-report symptom inventory","volume":"19","author":"Derogatis","year":"1974","journal-title":"Behav Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90127-B","article-title":"A fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability","volume":"52","author":"Waddell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970600722403","article-title":"Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire: methodological aspects of the Norwegian version","volume":"38","author":"Grotle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib28","unstructured":"Clark ME, Kori SH, Brockel J. Kinesiophobia and chronic pain: psychometric characteristics and factor analysis of the Tampa scale. Paper presented at: 15th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Pain Society; September 1996; Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E595","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817c6c4b","article-title":"Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Norwegian version of the Tampa scale for kinesiophobia","volume":"33","author":"Haugen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199906)35:6<604::AID-AJIM8>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Alternative approaches for measuring duration of work disability after low back injury based on administrative workers' compensation data","volume":"35","author":"Krause","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-009-9226-8","article-title":"Recurrence of medically certified sickness absence according to diagnosis: a sickness absence register study","volume":"20","author":"Roelen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.20.1.145","article-title":"Time-dependent covariates in the Cox proportional-hazards regression model","volume":"20","author":"Fisher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-006-9018-6","article-title":"A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors","volume":"41","author":"O'Brien","year":"2007","journal-title":"Qual Quant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181c68047","article-title":"The impact of workers' compensation on outcomes of surgical and nonoperative therapy for patients with a lumbar disc herniation: SPORT","volume":"35","author":"Atlas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000250325.87083.8d","article-title":"The impact of disability compensation on long-term treatment outcomes of patients with sciatica due to a lumbar disc herniation","volume":"31","author":"Atlas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00210-3","article-title":"The impact of clinical, morphological, psychosocial and work-related factors on the outcome of lumbar discectomy","volume":"80","author":"Schade","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/003655098443968","article-title":"Background variables (medical history, anthropometric and biological factors) in relation to the outcome of lumbar disc surgery","volume":"30","author":"Graver","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0552-2","article-title":"Risk factors for back pain-related loss of working time after surgery for lumbar disc herniation: a 5-year follow-up study","volume":"17","author":"Puolakka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(83)90009-8","article-title":"Outline of a fear-avoidance model of exaggerated pain perception\u2014I","volume":"21","author":"Lethem","year":"1983","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00242-0","article-title":"Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art","volume":"85","author":"Vlaeyen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-006-9085-0","article-title":"The fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: current state of scientific evidence","volume":"30","author":"Leeuw","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181f15d45","article-title":"The fear avoidance model disentangled: improving the clinical utility of the fear avoidance model","volume":"26","author":"Pincus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.036046","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of failure to return to work in non-chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Iles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3999","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22273","article-title":"Fear avoidance and prognosis in back pain: a systematic review and synthesis of current evidence","volume":"54","author":"Pincus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.020420","article-title":"The prognostic value of depressive symptoms, fear-avoidance, and self-efficacy for duration of lost-time benefits in workers with musculoskeletal disorders","volume":"63","author":"Lotters","year":"2006","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-006-9058-8","article-title":"Workers' beliefs and expectations affect return to work over 12 months","volume":"16","author":"Heymans","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200104010-00012","article-title":"Centralization phenomenon as a prognostic factor for chronic low back pain and disability","volume":"26","author":"Werneke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-005-8028-x","article-title":"Prognosis and the identification of workers risking disability: research issues and directions for future research","volume":"15","author":"Linton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.20.2451","article-title":"Surgical vs nonoperative treatment for lumbar disk herniation: the spine patient outcomes research trial (SPORT) observational cohort","volume":"296","author":"Weinstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000239178.08796.52","article-title":"Effectiveness of microdiscectomy for lumbar disc herniation: a randomized controlled trial with 2 years of follow-up","volume":"31","author":"Osterman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a143","article-title":"Prolonged conservative care versus early surgery in patients with sciatica caused by lumbar disc herniation: two year results of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"336","author":"Peul","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000067089.83472.1F","article-title":"Back to work: predictors of return to work among patients with back disorders certified as sick: a two-year follow-up study","volume":"28","author":"Reiso","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-006-9021-8","article-title":"Prediction of sickness absence in patients with chronic low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Kuijer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200105150-00017","article-title":"Surgical and nonsurgical management of sciatica secondary to a lumbar disc herniation: five-year outcomes from the Maine lumbar spine study","volume":"26","author":"Atlas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-12-201212180-00564","article-title":"Epidural corticosteroid injections in the management of sciatica: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"157","author":"Pinto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.1116","article-title":"Determinants of duration of disability and return-to-work after work-related injury and illness: challenges for future research","volume":"40","author":"Krause","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943013012680?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943013012680?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T19:59:06Z","timestamp":1539374346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1529943013012680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1529943013012680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}}}