{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T08:14:57Z","timestamp":1793952897313,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017R1D1A1B03030568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R1D1A1B03030568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1I1A1A01070501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1I1A1A01070501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thespinejournalonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T13:03:49Z","timestamp":1623243829000},"page":"183-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Development of a novel model of intervertebral disc degeneration by the intradiscal application of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rat"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Hye Rim","family":"Suh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0465-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwi-young","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Chul","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2007.01.004","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for spine pain","volume":"25","author":"Rubin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R165","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3485","article-title":"The rat intervertebral disk degeneration pain model: relationships between biological and structural alterations and pain","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0003","first-page":"S123","article-title":"Predictors of successful outcome for lumbar chemonucleolysis: analysis of 3000 cases during the past 14 years","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1002\/term.180","article-title":"Development of an in vitro model to test the efficacy of novel therapies for IVD degeneration","volume":"3","author":"Le Maitre","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regen Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1716-7","article-title":"In silico evaluation of a new composite disc substitute with a L3-L5 lumbar spine finite element model","volume":"21","author":"Noailly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0006","first-page":"20","article-title":"The dynamics of experimental posture. Experimental study of intervertebral disk herniation in bipedal animals","volume":"25","author":"Yamada","year":"1962","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199905150-00013","article-title":"Compression-induced changes in intervertebral disc properties in a rat tail model","volume":"24","author":"Iatridis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0008","first-page":"900","article-title":"A novel approach for the annulus needle puncture model of intervertebral disc degeneration in rabbits","volume":"9","author":"Lei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198507000-00009","article-title":"The effects of chemonucleolysis on the mechanical properties of the canine lumbar disc","volume":"10","author":"Spencer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181b31f39","article-title":"Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced intervertebral discitis as an animal model for discogenic low back pain","volume":"109","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-013-1205-2","article-title":"Useful animal models for the research of osteoarthritis","volume":"24","author":"Lampropoulou-Adamidou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.01.002","article-title":"Spontaneous firing in C-fibers and increased mechanical sensitivity in A-fibers of knee joint-associated mechanoreceptive primary afferent neurones during MIA-induced osteoarthritis in the rat","volume":"20","author":"Kelly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230390241800","article-title":"Mono-iodoacetate-induced histologic changes in subchondral bone and articular cartilage of rat femorotibial joints: an animal model of osteoarthritis","volume":"31","author":"Guzman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(03)00163-8","article-title":"Weight bearing as a measure of disease progression and efficacy of anti-inflammatory compounds in a model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis","volume":"11","author":"Bove","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartilage"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(01)00010-9","article-title":"Contribution of disc degeneration to osteophyte formation in the cervical spine: a biomechanical investigation","volume":"19","author":"Kumaresan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1007\/s12195-011-0164-0","article-title":"Difference in energy metabolism of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus cells of the intervertebral disc","volume":"4","author":"Salvatierra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Mol Bioeng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.03.006","article-title":"Peripheral group II and III metabotropic glutamate receptors in the knee joint attenuate carrageenan-induced nociceptive behavior in rats","volume":"542","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2451051706","article-title":"Lumbar degenerative disk disease","volume":"245","author":"Modic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.11.013","article-title":"Periganglionic inflammation elicits a distally radiating pain hypersensitivity by promoting COX-2 induction in the dorsal root ganglion","volume":"142","author":"Amaya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22833","article-title":"Assessment of functional and behavioral changes sensitive to painful disc degeneration","volume":"33","author":"Lai","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22494","article-title":"Both expression of cytokines and posterior annulus fibrosus rupture are essential for pain behavior changes induced by degenerative intervertebral disc: an experimental study in rats","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.07.010","article-title":"Disc degeneration induces a mechano-sensitization of disc afferent nerve fibers that associates with low back pain","volume":"27","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13429","article-title":"Looking beyond the intervertebral disc: the need for behavioral assays in models of discogenic pain","volume":"1409","author":"Mosley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.09.015","article-title":"Tactile allodynia in patients with lumbar radicular pain (sciatica)","volume":"155","author":"Defrin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00493","article-title":"Establishment and characterization of a novel rat model of mechanical low back pain using behavioral, pharmacologic and histologic methods","volume":"8","author":"Muralidharan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29716","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.29716","article-title":"Interventional therapies for chronic low back pain: a focused review (efficacy and outcomes)","volume":"5","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00011","article-title":"The role of cyclooxygenase-2 in lumbar disc herniation","volume":"27","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0028","first-page":"551","article-title":"Effect of NF-kB signaling pathway on the expression of MIF, TNF-alpha, IL-6 in the regulation of intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"18","author":"Liang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-016-0635-6","article-title":"Inflammatory profiles in canine intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"12","author":"Willems","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6864","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7464","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of curcumin alleviate lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration through regulating the expression of iNOS, COX2, TGFbeta1\/2, MMP9 and BDNF in a rat model","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1645123","article-title":"Celecoxib for the treatment of musculoskeletal arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Krasselt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-816X.2004.03441.x","article-title":"Spinal NF-kB activation induces COX-2 upregulation and contributes to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(00)00063-0","article-title":"Prostaglandins and cyclooxygenases [correction of cycloxygenases] in the spinal cord","volume":"64","author":"Vanegas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704103361506","article-title":"Nuclear factor-kappab: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases","volume":"336","author":"Barnes","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200107200-00008","article-title":"Nf-Kappa B decoy suppresses cytokine expression and thermal hyperalgesia in a rat neuropathic pain model","volume":"12","author":"Sakaue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R21","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4449","article-title":"High mechanical strain of primary intervertebral disc cells promotes secretion of inflammatory factors associated with disc degeneration and pain","volume":"16","author":"Gawri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300000556","article-title":"Height of lumbar discs measured from radiographs compared with degeneration and height classified from mr images","volume":"11","author":"Frobin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s40610-018-0105-y","article-title":"Contribution of the endplates to disc degeneration","volume":"4","author":"Aaron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1992","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.1992","article-title":"Cordycepin inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory and matrix degradation in the intervertebral disc","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7189854","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7189854","article-title":"Aspirin-mediated attenuation of intervertebral disc degeneration by ameliorating reactive oxygen species in vivo and in vitro","volume":"2019","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2018.05.001","article-title":"Avocado soybean unsaponifiables ameliorates cartilage and subchondral bone degeneration in mono-iodoacetate-induced knee osteoarthritis in rats","volume":"6","author":"Al-Afify","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2012.04.012","article-title":"Degenerative joint disease of the spine","volume":"50","author":"Bogduk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318263bb7b","article-title":"Prognostic factors of prolonged disability in patients with chronic low back pain and lumbar degeneration in primary care: A cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Wilkens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943021007294?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943021007294?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:35:01Z","timestamp":1761514501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1529943021007294"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1529943021007294"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Development of a novel model of intervertebral disc degeneration by the intradiscal application of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rat","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Spine Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.06.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}