{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:22:14Z","timestamp":1792790534294,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thespinejournalonline.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T11:58:18Z","timestamp":1704715098000},"page":"989-1000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Evolution of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis with key radiographic features"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2395-8249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arvin","family":"Saremi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4848-3032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kush K.","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward C.","family":"Benzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Douglas","family":"Orr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31329-8","article-title":"The pathophysiology of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine","volume":"14","author":"Yong-Hing","year":"1983","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199006000-00026","article-title":"Lumbosacral segmental motion in normal individuals. Have we been measuring instability properly?","volume":"15","author":"Boden","year":"1990","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0003","unstructured":"North American Spine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, 2nd Edition. 2014. Available at: https:\/\/www.spine.org\/Documents\/ResearchClinicalCare\/Guidelines\/Spondylolisthesis.pdf. Accessed January 23, 2024."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1298615","article-title":"Risk factors for degenerative spondylolisthesis: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Devine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evid-Based Spine-Care J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2016.11.001","article-title":"Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis epidemiology: a systematic review with a focus on gender-specific and age-specific prevalence","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200204000-00001","article-title":"Lumbar multilevel degenerative spondylolisthesis: radiological evaluation and factors related to anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis","volume":"15","author":"Iguchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000250979.12398.96","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: an epidemiological perspective: the Copenhagen Osteoarthritis Study","volume":"32","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198009000-00004","article-title":"The pathological anatomy of degenerative spondylolisthesis. A cadaver study","volume":"5","author":"Farfan","year":"1980","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001153","article-title":"Classification in brief: the Meyerding classification system of spondylolisthesis","volume":"478","author":"Koslosky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02561886","article-title":"Spondylolisthesis without gap in the intermediate joint","volume":"29","author":"Junghanns","year":"1931","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Unfallchir"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.32B3.325","article-title":"Spondylolisthesis with an intact neural arch; the so-called pseudo-spondylolisthesis","volume":"32-B","author":"Macnab","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mporth.2017.09.011","article-title":"Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents: current concepts and treatment","volume":"31","author":"Mataliotakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0013","first-page":"194","article-title":"Nonsurgically managed patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis: a 10- to 18-year follow-up study","volume":"93","author":"Matsunaga","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(05)70101-2","article-title":"Management of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in the pediatric and adolescent population","volume":"30","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199908150-00012","article-title":"Complications in the surgical treatment of pediatric high-grade, isthmic dysplastic spondylolisthesis. A comparison of three surgical approaches","volume":"24","author":"Molinari","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"6S","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000155579.88537.8e","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis: review of current trends and controversies","volume":"30","author":"Sengupta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0543-3","article-title":"Diagnosis and conservative management of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"17","author":"Kalichman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2016.11.001","article-title":"Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis epidemiology: a systematic review with a focus on gender-specific and age-specific prevalence","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Translation"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000155579.88537.8e","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis: review of current trends and controversies","volume":"30","author":"Sengupta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.02.029","article-title":"Lumbar facet fluid\u2013does it correlate with dynamic instability in degenerative spondylolisthesis? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurgery."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.2.SPINE181389","article-title":"Determination of dynamic instability in lumbar spondylolisthesis using flexion and extension standing radiographs versus neutral standing radiograph and supine MRI","volume":"31","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06336-4","article-title":"Slip progression in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis following minimally invasive decompression surgery is not associated with increased functional disability","volume":"29","author":"Ravinsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000212","article-title":"Radiological evidence of spontaneous spinal arthrodesis in patients with lower lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"39","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4990","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06047-5","article-title":"Facet arthropathy evaluation: CT or MRI?","volume":"29","author":"Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000134575.04084.EF","article-title":"Facet orientation in the thoracolumbar spine: three-dimensional anatomic and biomechanical analysis","volume":"29","author":"Masharawi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640000201","article-title":"Orientation and tropism of lumbar facet joints in degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"25","author":"Dai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0027","first-page":"122","article-title":"Correlation between the 4th lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis and radiographic parameters","volume":"52","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0028","first-page":"373","article-title":"Facet joint orientation and tropism in lumbar degenerative disc disease and spondylolisthesis","volume":"98","author":"Witchate Pichaisak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564417","article-title":"Critical values of facet joint angulation and tropism in the development of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: an international, large-scale multicenter study by the AOSpine Asia Pacific Research Collaboration Consortium","volume":"6","author":"Samartzis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2007.01.007","article-title":"Lumbar facet joint osteoarthritis: a review","volume":"37","author":"Kalichman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.199","article-title":"Osteoarthritis of the spine: the facet joints","volume":"9","author":"Gellhorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-202","article-title":"Does lumbar spinal degeneration begin with the anterior structures? A study of the observed epidemiology in a community-based population","volume":"12","author":"Suri","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318184ef95","article-title":"Facet joint osteoarthritis and low back pain in the community-based population","volume":"33","author":"Kalichman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198911000-00022","article-title":"The configuration of the laminas and facet joints in degenerative spondylolisthesis. A clinicoradiologic study","volume":"14","author":"Sato","year":"1989","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199301000-00013","article-title":"Etiology of spondylolisthesis. Assessment of the role played by lumbar facet joint morphology","volume":"18","author":"Grobler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199603000-00012","article-title":"Orientation of the lumbar facet joints: association with degenerative disc disease","volume":"78","author":"Boden","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, NH., & Lee, JW. (1995). The relationship between isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis and the configuration of the lamina and facet joints.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298237"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050093","article-title":"Facet joint remodeling in degenerative spondylolisthesis: an investigation of joint orientation and tropism","volume":"7","author":"Berlemann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"385","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200104000-00015","article-title":"Orientation and osteoarthritis of the lumbar facet joint","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E579","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181aa2acb","article-title":"Facet orientation and tropism: associations with facet joint osteoarthritis and degeneratives","volume":"34","author":"Kalichman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1640-2","article-title":"Sagittal spinopelvic alignment and body mass index in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"20","author":"Schuller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E18","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31823972d4","article-title":"The pedicle-facet angle and tropism in the sagittal plane in degenerative spondylolisthesis: a computed tomography study using multiplanar reformations techniques","volume":"25","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0043","first-page":"35","article-title":"Facet orientation in patients with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"71","author":"Alimasi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Tokyo Med. Univ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0044","first-page":"122","volume":"52","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0045","first-page":"373","article-title":"Facet joint orientation and tropism in lumbar degenerative disc disease and spondylolisthesis","volume":"98","author":"Pichaisak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564417","article-title":"Critical values of facet joint angulation and tropism in the development of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: an international, large-scale multicenter study by the AOSpine Asia Pacific Research Collaboration Consortium","volume":"6","author":"Samartzis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2017.08.005","article-title":"Variation of facet joint orientation and tropism in lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis and disc herniation at L4-L5: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"161","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2009-0211","article-title":"Association between disc degeneration and degenerative spondylolisthesis? Pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Kalichman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E19","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31827a254f","article-title":"Lumbar facet joint motion in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"26","author":"Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3521","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S227153","article-title":"Prevalence of facet effusion and its relationship with lumbar spondylolisthesis and low back pain: the Wakayama Spine Study","volume":"12","author":"Shinto","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"Fr","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0051","first-page":"283","article-title":"Distension of the inter-facet joints in MRI: and indirect sign of an existing underestimation of spondylolisthesis and canal stenosis","volume":"81","author":"Mailleux","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Belge Radiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318113271a","article-title":"The significance of increased fluid signal on magnetic resonance imaging in lumbar facets in relationship to degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"32","author":"Chaput","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.6.SPINE08413","article-title":"Imaging correlation of the degree of degenerative L4-5 spondylolisthesis with the corresponding amount of facet fluid","volume":"11","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.08.006","article-title":"Sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of mobile and nonmobile L4-L5 degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"15","author":"Kuhns","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.07.010","article-title":"Analysis of the relationship between the facet fluid sign and lumbar spine motion of degenerative spondylolytic segment using Kinematic MRI","volume":"94","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.02.029","article-title":"Lumbar facet fluid-does it correlate with dynamic instability in degenerative spondylolisthesis? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318067dc55","article-title":"Does lumbar facet fluid detected on magnetic resonance imaging correlate with radiographic instability in patients with degenerative lumbar disease?","volume":"32","author":"Rihn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s10195-011-0141-3","article-title":"The correlation between exaggerated fluid in lumbar facet joints and degenerative spondylolisthesis: prospective study of 52 patients","volume":"12","author":"Caterini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0059","first-page":"3845","article-title":"Correlation between facet joint effusion in magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar stability after interspinous and degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"23","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese J Tissue Eng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04657-3","article-title":"Modifications in lumbar facet joint are associated with spondylolisthesis in the degenerative spine diseases: a comparative analysis","volume":"163","author":"Naeem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4525-1","article-title":"Can facet joint fluid on MRI and dynamic instability be a predictor of improvement in back pain following lumbar fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis?","volume":"25","author":"Snoddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22334","article-title":"Vacuum phenomenon: clinical relevance","volume":"27","author":"Gohil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.144.3.7100472","article-title":"Vacuum facet phenomenon: a computed tomographic sign of degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"144","author":"Lefkowitz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1177\/197140099801100212","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis with vacuum facet phenomenon","volume":"11","author":"Muras","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rivista di Neuroradiologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.05.163","article-title":"Vacuum facet phenomenon in computed tomography imaging: a sign of instability in degenerative spondylolisthesis?","volume":"129","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.41.3.0372","article-title":"Synovial cyst of spinal facet. Case report","volume":"41","author":"Kao","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050973","article-title":"MR imaging of lumbar facet joint synovial cysts","volume":"10","author":"Apostolaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200404150-00010","article-title":"Synovial cysts of the lumbar facet joints in a symptomatic population. Prevalence on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"29","author":"DOYLE","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111695","article-title":"Percutaneous resolution of lumbar facet joint cysts as an alternative treatment to surgery: a meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Shuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0070","first-page":"301","article-title":"Synovial cysts of the lumbar facet joints: a retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study investigating their relation with degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"110","author":"Alicioglu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prague Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.29.2.0168","article-title":"Lumbar intraspinal extradural ganglion cyst","volume":"29","author":"Kao","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000156830.68431.70","article-title":"Lumbar synovial cysts of the spine","volume":"18","author":"Khan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0073","first-page":"161","article-title":"Lumbar synovial cysts eroding bone","volume":"13","author":"Gorey","year":"1992","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0074","first-page":"193","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cysts: 10-year experience at the Ochsner Clinic","volume":"91","author":"Howington","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199501000-00015","article-title":"Lumbar intraspinal synovial and ganglion cysts (facet cysts). Ten-year experience in evaluation and treatment","volume":"20","author":"Hsu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.85.4.0560","article-title":"A series of 60 juxtafacet cysts: clinical presentation, the role of spinal instability, and treatment","volume":"85","author":"Sabo","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100038579","article-title":"Periodontoid synovial cyst causing cervicomedullary compression","volume":"23","author":"Kaufmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310220","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis, synovial cyst of the zygapophyseal joints, and sciatic syndrome: report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Reust","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.210.2.r99fe60509","article-title":"Symptomatic lumbar facet joint synovial cysts: clinical assessment of facet joint steroid injection after 1 and 6 months and long-term follow-up in 30 patients","volume":"210","author":"Parlier-Cuau","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340100682","article-title":"Symptomatic intraspinal synovial cysts of the lumbar spine: correlation of MR and surgical findings","volume":"43","author":"Tillich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000803","article-title":"Stable spondylolisthesis: should management change based on presence of facet cysts?","volume":"32","author":"Chugh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.04.010","article-title":"Recurrent back and leg pain and cyst reformation after surgical resection of spinal synovial cysts: systematic review of reported postoperative outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Bydon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.14444\/3037","article-title":"Minimally invasive surgery for lumbar synovial cysts with coexisting degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"10","author":"Denis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2014.12.009","article-title":"The posterior ligamentous complex inflammatory syndrome: spread of fluid and inflammation in the retrodural space of Okada","volume":"70","author":"Lehman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0085","first-page":"52","article-title":"On the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebr\u00e6 and the soft tissues between them, and on pathological changes in that region","volume":"os-14","author":"Baastrup","year":"1933","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E211","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318169614a","article-title":"Lumbar interspinous bursitis (Baastrup disease) in a symptomatic population: prevalence on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"33","author":"Maes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2013.10.010","article-title":"Kissing spine and the retrodural space of Okada: more than just a kiss?","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5719","article-title":"MDCT findings in Baastrup disease: disease or normal feature of the aging spine?","volume":"196","author":"Kwong","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199702010-00021","article-title":"Lumbar nerve root compression caused by lumbar intraspinal gas. Report of three cases","volume":"22","author":"Yoshida","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199103000-00008","article-title":"The spinal vacuum phenomenon: evaluation by gradient echo MR imaging","volume":"15","author":"Berns","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.164.3.3615888","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar disc disease: pitfalls and usefulness of MR imaging in detection of vacuum phenomenon","volume":"164","author":"Grenier","year":"1987","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.6359","article-title":"Correlation between vacuum phenomenon on CT and fluid on MRI in degenerative disks","volume":"197","author":"D'Anastasi","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e3180dc9992","article-title":"Clinical symptoms of patients with intervertebral vacuum phenomenon","volume":"14","author":"Morishita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-196610000-00001","article-title":"X-ray studies of the lumbosacral spine","volume":"59","author":"Ford","year":"1966","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1148\/62.3.383","article-title":"Dissolution of the intervertebral disc in the aged normal; the phantom nucleus pulposus","volume":"62","author":"Gershon-Cohen","year":"1954","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.3109\/00016923709132378","article-title":"Uber die Bedingungen des Hervortretens der wirklichen Gelenkspalte auf dem Rontgenbilde","volume":"18","author":"Magnusson","year":"1937","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3109\/00016924209134912","article-title":"The vacuum phenomenon in the intervertebral discs","volume":"23","author":"Knutsson","year":"1942","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.139.2.7220878","article-title":"Spinal vacuum phenomena: anatomical study and review","volume":"139","author":"Resnick","year":"1981","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2010.02.012","article-title":"Endplate degeneration may be the origination of the vacuum phenomenon in intervertebral discs","volume":"75","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00364095","article-title":"Vertebral vacuum phenomenon - a radiographic manifestation of metastatic malignancy","volume":"4","author":"Schabel","year":"1979","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-014-0618-z","article-title":"Surgical outcomes of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis with anterior vacuum disc: can the intervertebral cage overcome intradiscal vacuum phenomenon and enhance posterolateral fusion?","volume":"19","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-329","article-title":"The effects of anterior vacuum disc on surgical outcomes of degenerative versus spondylolytic spondylolisthesis: at a minimum two-year follow-up","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-200010000-00013","article-title":"The relationship between disc degeneration, facet joint osteoarthritis, and stability of the degenerative lumbar spine","volume":"13","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.3109\/00016924409136488","article-title":"The instability associated with disc degeneration in the lumbar spine","volume":"25","author":"Knutsson","year":"1944","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2086-7","article-title":"Morphology of intervertebral disc ruptures evaluated by vacuum phenomenon using multi-detector computed tomography: association with lumbar disc degeneration and canal stenosis","volume":"19","author":"Murata","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943024000093?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943024000093?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T03:11:24Z","timestamp":1715742684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1529943024000093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1529943024000093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evolution of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis with key radiographic features","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Spine Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.01.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}