{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T00:17:16Z","timestamp":1793405836637,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thespinejournalonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T19:24:20Z","timestamp":1750879460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Advances in endoscopic lumbar spine surgery: a comprehensive review of the techniques used for the treatment of lumbar disc herniations and spinal stenosis and lumbar spinal fusion"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5337-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.07.004","article-title":"Spinal endoscopy: evidence, techniques, global trends, and future projections","volume":"22","author":"Simpson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07622-7","article-title":"Minimally invasive endoscopy in spine surgery: where are we now?","volume":"32","author":"Jitpakdee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1836322.161","article-title":"Evolution of spinal endoscopic surgery","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2346236.118","article-title":"The role and future of endoscopic spine surgery: a narrative review","volume":"20","author":"Kwon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.11.099","article-title":"Innovations in spinal endoscopy","volume":"160","author":"Hussain","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111S","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219887364","article-title":"AOSpine consensus paper on nomenclature for working-channel endoscopic spinal procedures","volume":"10","author":"Hofstetter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.03.111","article-title":"Current and future of endoscopic spine surgery: what are the common procedures we have now and what lies ahead?","volume":"140","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2015.01.007","article-title":"Outpatient minimally invasive spine surgery using endoscopy for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis among obese patients","volume":"12","author":"Hudak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.10.SPINE23936","article-title":"Assessing the impact of obesity on full endoscopic spine surgery: surgical site infections, surgery durations, early complications, and short-term functional outcomes","volume":"40","author":"Leyendecker","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.14444\/8014","article-title":"Full endoscopic lumbar discectomy versus laminectomy for Cauda Equina Syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Yankang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.863931","article-title":"Unilateral biportal endoscopic tumor removal and percutaneous stabilization for extradural tumors: technical case report and literature review","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59050993","article-title":"Fully endoscopic spine separation surgery in metastatic disease-case series, technical notes, and preliminary findings","volume":"59","author":"Latka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1594014","article-title":"Endoscopic management of spinal intradural extramedullary tumors","volume":"78","author":"Parihar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0014","first-page":"301","article-title":"Unilateral biportal endoscopy for the resection of thoracic intradural extramedullary tumors: technique case report and literature review","volume":"17","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Med Case Rep J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1033856","article-title":"Complete removal of intraspinal extradural mass with unilateral biportal endoscopy","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2023.11836","article-title":"Pure endoscopic minimally invasive surgery with a non\u2011expandable tubular retractor for intradural extramedullary spinal tumors","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.09.182","article-title":"Clinical comparison of unilateral biportal endoscopic technique with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion versus open posterior internal fixation for spinal brucellosis","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003843","article-title":"Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy versus open microdiscectomy for lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Gadjradj","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.06.153","article-title":"Comparison of unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy with other surgical technics: a systemic review of indications and outcomes of unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy from the current literature","volume":"168","author":"Kwon","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9073460","article-title":"A comparison of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and open lumbar microdiscectomy for lumbar disc herniation in the Korean: a meta-analysis","volume":"2018","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.02.038","article-title":"A systematic review of unilateral biportal endoscopic spinal surgery: preliminary clinical results and complications","volume":"125","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.04.087","article-title":"Transforaminal endoscopic decompression for foraminal stenosis: single-arm meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"168","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2244600.300","article-title":"Comparative effects and safety of full-endoscopic versus microscopic spinal decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: a meta-analysis and statistical power analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.09.023","article-title":"Indications, contraindications, and complications of biportal endoscopic decompressive surgery for the treatment of lumbar stenosis: a systematic review","volume":"168","author":"Heo","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.02.151","article-title":"Biportal endoscopic spinal surgery versus microscopic decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"138","author":"Pranata","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002708","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of full-endoscopic decompression via interlaminar approach for Central or lateral recess spinal stenosis of the lumbar spine: a meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07660-1","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of uniportal compared with biportal endoscopic decompression for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Kaen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004589","article-title":"Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy approach selection: a systematic review and proposed algorithm","volume":"48","author":"Kotheeranurak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05988-0","article-title":"Clinical outcomes, complications and fusion rates in endoscopic assisted intraforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (iLIF) versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF): systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Sousa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S84","DOI":"10.14444\/8167","article-title":"Biportal endoscopic technique for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: review of current research","volume":"15","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.10.033","article-title":"Clinical results and complications of endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"145","author":"Heo","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07891-2","article-title":"Complications in endoscopic spine surgery: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Compagnone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2023.01.009","article-title":"Full-endoscopic spine surgery diminishes surgical site infections: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"23","author":"Mahan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2017.0203.004","article-title":"Endoscopic spine surgery","volume":"60","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0035","article-title":"Endoscopic spinal decompression: a retrospective review of pain outcomes at an academic medical center","volume":"13","author":"Panjeton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.7.17634","article-title":"Surgical treatment for lumbar lateral recess stenosis with the full-endoscopic interlaminar approach versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study","volume":"10","author":"Ruetten","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283904","article-title":"Survey research of patient's preference on choosing microscopic or endoscopic spine surgery for lumbar discectomy","volume":"18","author":"Keorochana","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04038-3","article-title":"Comparison of the results of open PLIF versus UBE PLIF in lumbar spinal stenosis: postoperative adjacent segment instability is lesser in UBE","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000001111","article-title":"Local anesthesia versus general anesthesia in percutaneous interlaminar endoscopic discectomy: a meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07699-0","article-title":"Economic comparisons of endoscopic spine surgery: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Golan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0041","article-title":"Full endoscopic versus open discectomy for sciatica: randomised controlled non-inferiority trial","volume":"376","author":"Gadjradj","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0042","first-page":"ONS59","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for intracanalicular disc herniations at L5-S1 using a rigid working channel endoscope","volume":"58","author":"Choi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03979-z","article-title":"Expandable versus static cages in unilateral biportal endoscopy lumbar interbody fusion (ULIF) for treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS): comparison of clinical and radiological results","volume":"18","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-08084-7","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-based analysis of associations between learning curve and clinical outcomes in endoscopic and microsurgical lumbar decompression surgery","volume":"33","author":"Saravi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04674-3","article-title":"Evaluation of the learning curve and complications in unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: cumulative sum analysis and risk-adjusted cumulative sum analysis","volume":"19","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152994302500302X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152994302500302X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T11:19:51Z","timestamp":1753183191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152994302500302X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S152994302500302X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Advances in endoscopic lumbar spine surgery: a comprehensive review of the techniques used for the treatment of lumbar disc herniations and spinal stenosis and lumbar spinal fusion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Spine Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.06.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}