{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T10:05:08Z","timestamp":1782295508566,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thespinejournalonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:22:00Z","timestamp":1771546920000},"page":"1368-1377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Specific patient-reported impairments in normal endeavors (SPINE): creating and preliminarily validating a novel lumbar radiculopathy survey"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8693-452X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaiah A.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa L.","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Coan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Osgood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2007.01.008","article-title":"Lumbosacral radiculopathy","volume":"25","author":"Tarulli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02964-5","article-title":"Health-related quality of life deviations from population norms in patients with lumbar radiculopathy: associations with pain, pain cognitions, and endogenous nociceptive modulation","volume":"31","author":"Van Bogaert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e433","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-19-00174","article-title":"Burden of Sciatica on US Medicare recipients","volume":"28","author":"Maslak","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0004","article-title":"Pain intensity, spine structure, and body composition in patients with acute discogenic lumbar radiculopathy","volume":"73","author":"Kaya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200011150-00017","article-title":"The Oswestry disability index","volume":"25","author":"Fairbank","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2015.10.003","article-title":"The Roland Morris disability questionnaire","volume":"62","author":"Stevens","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0007","first-page":"271","article-title":"The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire","volume":"66","author":"Fairbank","year":"1980","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2023.06.013","article-title":"Measuring outcomes in spinal deformity surgery","volume":"34","author":"Bergin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1353-6","article-title":"Outcome measures in chronic low back pain","volume":"19","author":"Maughan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6524","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13216524","article-title":"Towards standardized assessment of outcomes in back pain-validation of linking studies between disease-specific and generic patient-reported outcome measures","volume":"13","author":"Hartmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2008.07.001","article-title":"Psychometric properties and clinical usefulness of the Oswestry Disability Index","volume":"7","author":"Vianin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.03.008","article-title":"Problem areas identified as important to older adults with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"15","author":"Edwards","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1434","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000521","article-title":"Initial experience with real-time continuous physical activity monitoring in patients undergoing spine surgery","volume":"30","author":"Scheer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-020-09630-2","article-title":"Predicting patient-centered outcomes from spine surgery using risk assessment tools: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"White","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2014.12.004","article-title":"Patient reported outcomes in adult spinal deformity surgery: a bibliometric analysis","volume":"3","author":"Cutler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.24926\/iip.v12i2.3911","article-title":"Fundamental outcome measurement: selecting patient reported outcome instruments and interpreting the data they produce","volume":"12","author":"McKenna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Innov Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.12.001","article-title":"Lumbar stiffness disability index: pilot testing of consistency, reliability, and validity","volume":"13","author":"Hart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0018","article-title":"Development and validation of a novel survey measuring lumbar activity levels: the hospital for special surgery core health evaluation-lumbar activity rating scale (HSS CHEV-LARS)","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06279-5","article-title":"Low back pain: critical assessment of various scales","volume":"29","author":"Garg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002661","article-title":"Discriminant ability, concurrent validity, and responsiveness of PROMIS health domains among patients with lumbar degenerative disease undergoing decompression with or without arthrodesis","volume":"43","author":"Purvis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003972","article-title":"Preoperative PROMIS scores predict postoperative outcomes in lumbar spine surgery patients","volume":"46","author":"Snavely","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780100811","article-title":"Estimating departure from normality","volume":"10","author":"Royston","year":"1991","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002864","article-title":"Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation","volume":"126","author":"Schober","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012","article-title":"Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires","volume":"60","author":"Terwee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.206.151","article-title":"Open-ended questions: are they really beneficial for gathering medical information from patients?","volume":"206","author":"Takemura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198606","article-title":"Open-ended interview questions and saturation","volume":"13","author":"Weller","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716666260","article-title":"Development of an expectations survey for patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery","volume":"37","author":"Cody","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.4dfb.8dfd","article-title":"Making sense of Cronbach's alpha","volume":"2","author":"Tavakol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E227","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003232","article-title":"Validation of PROMIS CATs and PROMIS Global health in an interdisciplinary pain program for patients with chronic low back pain","volume":"45","author":"Lapin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E852","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002979","article-title":"PROMIS pain interference is superior to the Likert pain scale for pain assessment in spine patients","volume":"44","author":"Bernstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0031","article-title":"Minimum clinically important difference for oswestry disability index three months following lumbar discectomy is lower when anchored to patient leg pain symptoms","author":"Mutyaba","year":"2025","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0032","article-title":"Validity, reliability and responsiveness of a low-cost activity monitor for assessing walking in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","author":"Drakoulidou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002755","article-title":"Standardizing physical activity monitoring in patients with degenerative lumbar disorders","volume":"94","author":"Maldaner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.04.013","article-title":"Analysing gait patterns in degenerative lumbar spine disease using inertial wearable sensors: an observational study","volume":"163","author":"Natarajan","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2023.02.020","article-title":"Spine patient care with wearable medical technology: state-of-the-art, opportunities, and challenges: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Haddas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spine J"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943026000525?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1529943026000525?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:36:11Z","timestamp":1781782571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1529943026000525"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1529943026000525"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Specific patient-reported impairments in normal endeavors (SPINE): creating and preliminarily validating a novel lumbar radiculopathy survey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Spine Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.02.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}