{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T21:02:51Z","timestamp":1790370171571,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thespinejournalonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:59:28Z","timestamp":1788364768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal trends in U.S. Medicare physician reimbursement for common lumbar spine surgery CPT codes: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5786-8403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amaar","family":"Alwani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-4501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramana","family":"Kolady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1196-517X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul G.","family":"Mastrokostas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afshin E.","family":"Razi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Fassett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas U.","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arya G.","family":"Varthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan S.","family":"Hilibrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Kepler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8073-0796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Vaccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5831-055X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitchell K.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221100173","article-title":"20-year inflation-adjusted Medicare reimbursements for common lumbar and cervical degenerative disc disease procedures","volume":"14","author":"Honarpisheh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.2.SPINE211368","article-title":"Over 20 years of declining Medicare reimbursement for spine surgeons: a temporal and geographic analysis from 2000 to 2021","volume":"37","author":"Haglin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84724-6","article-title":"Prevalence of spine degeneration diagnosis by type, age, gender, and obesity using Medicare data","volume":"11","author":"Parenteau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S136","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000945","article-title":"Trends for spine surgery for the elderly: implications for access to healthcare in North America","volume":"77","author":"O\u2019Lynnger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2020.05.558","article-title":"Recent trends in Medicare utilization and reimbursement for lumbar spine fusion and discectomy procedures","volume":"20","author":"Lopez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan\u2014A web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0008","series-title":"JBI manual for evidence synthesis","article-title":"Chapter 7: systematic reviews of etiology and risk","author":"Moola","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.24.00228","article-title":"Trends in Medicare payments for facility fees and surgeon professional fees for spine surgeries","volume":"107","author":"Federico","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1232","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-20-01397","article-title":"Reimbursement for orthopaedic surgeries in commercial and public payors: a race to the bottom","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.14444\/8846","article-title":"Utilization growth and reimbursement decline in spine surgery: a retrospective analysis using national Medicare data from 2012 to 2024","volume":"20","author":"Shelby","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0012","article-title":"Projections of single-level indirect lumbar interbody fusion volume and associated costs for Medicare patients to 2050","volume":"22","author":"Mani","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Am Spine Soc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002405","article-title":"Surgeon reimbursement relative to hospital payments for spinal fusion: trends from 10-year Medicare analysis","volume":"43","author":"Jain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.21182\/jmisst.2024.01578","article-title":"Comparative analysis of endoscopic discectomy and microdiscectomy: trends in Medicare utilization and reimbursement from 2017 to 2021","volume":"10","author":"Inzerillo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Spine Surg Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.05.131","article-title":"Recent trends in Medicare utilization and reimbursement for lumbar fusion procedures: 2000\u20132019","volume":"165","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-09796-2","article-title":"Decreasing Medicare reimbursement for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions","author":"Silvestre","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002194","article-title":"Trends in reimbursement and approach selection for lumbar arthrodesis","volume":"92","author":"Pennington","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["The Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152994302600642X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152994302600642X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T20:34:50Z","timestamp":1790368490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152994302600642X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["S152994302600642X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-9430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-9430","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Longitudinal trends in U.S. Medicare physician reimbursement for common lumbar spine surgery CPT codes: a systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Spine Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2026.08.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}