{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:45:49Z","timestamp":1792788349798,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]],"date-time":"2016-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/igo\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01n6e6j62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"UNDP\/UNFPA\/UNICEF\/WHO\/World Bank Special Programme of Research","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP)"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Health and Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SSM - Population Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,11]],"date-time":"2016-09-11T06:04:38Z","timestamp":1473573878000},"page":"640-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"special_numbering":"C","title":["\u201c By slapping their laps, the patient will know that you truly care for her \u201d: A qualitative study on social norms and acceptability of the mistreatment of women during childbirth in Abuja, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Meghan A.","family":"Bohren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua P.","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zge","family":"Tun\u00e7alp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bukola","family":"Fawole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musibau A.","family":"Titiloye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akinpelu Olanrewaju","family":"Olutayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes A.","family":"Oyeniran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modupe","family":"Ogunlade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loveth","family":"Metiboba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olubunmi R.","family":"Osunsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadiza A.","family":"Idris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis E.","family":"Alu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olufemi T.","family":"Oladapo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Metin","family":"G\u00fclmezoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle J.","family":"Hindin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Utilization of obstetric care services in a rural community in southwestern Nigeria","volume":"33","author":"Bawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001847","article-title":"The mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: a mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Bohren","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib3","article-title":"Exploring evidence for disrespect and abuse in facility-based childbirth: report of a landscape analysis","author":"Bowser","year":"2010","journal-title":"USAID"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Psychology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.06.012","article-title":"\u2018Midwifing the midwives\u2019: addressing the empowerment, safety of, and respect for, the world\u2019s midwives","volume":"29","author":"Brodie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.12.014","article-title":"Narratives of distress about birth in South African public maternity settings: a qualitative study","volume":"30","author":"Chadwick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-5-140","article-title":"Please understand when I cry out in pain: women\u2019s accounts of maternity services during labour and delivery in Ghana","volume":"5","author":"D'Ambruoso","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib8","series-title":"Researching violence against women: a practical guide for researchers and activists","author":"Ellsberg","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib9","first-page":"177","article-title":"Utilization of approved health facilities for delivery in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria","volume":"11","author":"Esimai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nigerian Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib10","series-title":"Saving newborn lives in Nigeria: newborn health in the context of the Integrated Maternal","author":"Federal Ministry of Health","year":"2011"},{"issue":"9948","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60859-X","article-title":"Disrespect and abuse of women in childbirth: challenging the global quality and accountability agendas","volume":"384","author":"Freedman","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.an.05.100176.001553","article-title":"History and significance of the emic\/etic distinction","volume":"5","author":"Harris","year":"1976","journal-title":"Annual Review of Anthropology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2012.680996","article-title":"Evaluating the experience of Jordanian women with maternity care services","volume":"34","author":"Hatamleh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Care for Women International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib14","series-title":"Ending violence against women","author":"Heise","year":"1999"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib15","first-page":"501","article-title":"Understanding women\u2019s attitudes towards wife beating in Zimbabwe","volume":"81","author":"Hindin","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib16","unstructured":"Idris S, Sambo M, & Ibrahim M. Barriers to utilisation of maternal health services in a semi-urban community in northern Nigeria: The clients\u2019 perspective. (0300-1652 (Print))."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-10-53","article-title":"\u201cThere\u2019s no kind of respect here\u201d a qualitative study of racism and access to maternal health care among Romani women in the Balkans","volume":"10","author":"Janevic","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal for Equity in Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00240-8","article-title":"Why do nurses abuse patients? Reflections from South African obstetric services","volume":"47","author":"Jewkes","year":"1998","journal-title":"Social Science Medicine (1982)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001849","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001849","article-title":"Mistreatment of women in childbirth: time for action on this important dimension of violence against women","volume":"12","author":"Jewkes","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00093-4","article-title":"\u201cWomen enjoy punishment\u201d: attitudes and experiences of gender-based violence among PHC nurses in rural South Africa","volume":"54","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib21","first-page":"53","article-title":"Domestic violence in rural Uganda: evidence from a community-based study","volume":"81","author":"Koenig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187890","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/187890","article-title":"Tanzanian couples\u2019 perspectives on gender equity, relationship power, and intimate partner violence: findings from the RESPECT study","volume":"2012","author":"Krishnan","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS Research and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib23","article-title":"Disrespectful and abusive treatment during facility delivery in Tanzania: a facility and community survey","author":"Kruk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Policy and Planning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-268","article-title":"Experiences of and responses to disrespectful maternity care and abuse during childbirth; a qualitative study with women and men in Morogoro Region, Tanzania","volume":"14","author":"McMahon","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.05.006","article-title":"\u2018They treat you like you are not a human being\u2019: maltreatment during labour and delivery in rural northern Ghana","volume":"30","author":"Moyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib26","first-page":"11","article-title":"Waiting for attention and care: Birthing accounts of women in rural Tanzania who developed obstetric fistula as an outcome of labour","author":"Mselle","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib27","series-title":"ATLAS.ti-computer aided text interpretation & theory building, release 1.1E. User's manual","author":"Muhr","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib28","series-title":"Nigeria demographic and health survey 2013","author":"National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria]","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.08.015","article-title":"Disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in a low-income country","volume":"128","author":"Okafor","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib30","first-page":"154","article-title":"The effect of public sector health care workers strike: Nigeria experience","volume":"3","author":"Oksakede","year":"2014","journal-title":"Review of Public Administration and Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-005-0037-z","article-title":"Maternal health-seeking behavior and associated factors in a rural Nigerian community","volume":"10","author":"Osubor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.2307\/3583398","article-title":"An empirical investigation of attitudes towards wife-beating among men and women in seven sub-Saharan African countries","volume":"8","author":"Rani","year":"2004","journal-title":"African Journal of Reproductive Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.2307\/3583398","article-title":"An empirical investigation of attitudes towards wife-beating among men and women in seven sub-saharan African countries","volume":"8","author":"Rani","year":"2004","journal-title":"African Journal of Reproductive Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib34","unstructured":"Resolution 11\/8: Preventable maternal mortality and morbidity and human rights, (2009)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S228","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000378","article-title":"Disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Tanzania: are women living with HIV more vulnerable?","volume":"67","author":"Sando","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib36","unstructured":"Scientific Sofware Development. Atlas.ti version 7.5.6 [computer software]. Berlin 1999."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536X.2002.00201.x","article-title":"Immigrant women\u2019s views about care during labor and birth: an Australian study of Vietnamese, Turkish, and Filipino women","volume":"29","author":"Small","year":"2002","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib38","article-title":"Accountability for maternal health care in South Africa","author":"Stop Making Excuses","year":"2011","journal-title":"Human Rights Watch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib39","unstructured":"Technical guidance on the application of a human rights based approach to the implementation of policies and programmes to reduce preventable maternal morbidity and mortality: Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, (2012)."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-71672006000600004","article-title":"Hospital delivery--women\u2019s experience from the suburbs of Cuiba-MT","volume":"59","author":"Teixeira","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal for Quality in Health Care: Journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care\/ISQua"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib42","series-title":"Universal declaration of human rights","author":"UN General Assembly","year":"1948"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib43","series-title":"International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib44","series-title":"Declaration on the elimination of violence against women","author":"UN General Assembly","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib45","series-title":"The world\u2019s women 2010: trends and statistics","author":"United Nations","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib46","series-title":"Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development","author":"United Nations","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-698X-9-14","article-title":"Factors associated with attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women: a comparative analysis of 17 sub-Saharan countries","volume":"9","author":"Uthman","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC International Health and Human Rights"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v81i6.9178","article-title":"Community satisfaction with the quality of maternal and child health services in southeast Nigeria","volume":"81","author":"Uzochukwu","year":"2004","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-015-0047-2","article-title":"How women are treated during facility-based childbirth: development and validation of measurement tools in four countries - phase 1 formative research study protocol","volume":"12","author":"Vogel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reproductive Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib50","unstructured":"Vogel J.\u00a0P, Bohren M. A., Tun\u00e7alp \u00d6., Oladapo O. T., and G\u00fclmezoglu A. M. Promoting respect and preventing mistreatment during childbirth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib51","series-title":"Respectful maternity care: the universal rights of childbearing women","author":"White Ribbon Alliance","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib52","series-title":"Voice and agency: empowering women and girls for shared prosperity","author":"World Bank Group","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003_bib53","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO Statement: The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. Geneva, Switzerland: 2014."}],"container-title":["SSM - Population Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352827316300453?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352827316300453?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,8]],"date-time":"2018-09-08T10:57:08Z","timestamp":1536404228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352827316300453"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S2352827316300453"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-8273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-8273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"\u201cBy slapping their laps, the patient will know that you truly care for her\u201d: A qualitative study on social norms and acceptability of the mistreatment of women during childbirth in Abuja, Nigeria","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"SSM - Population Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.07.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}