{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T17:46:36Z","timestamp":1774201596431,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003564","name":"Ministry of Gender Equality and Family","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Social Science Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T22:57:27Z","timestamp":1735081047000},"page":"103134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Men's decline and rising support for hostile sexism: A survey experiment from South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"127","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4608-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib1","series-title":"The Nature of Prejudice","author":"Allport","year":"1954"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/ajps.12759","article-title":"Sexism and the far\u2010right vote: The individual dynamics of gender backlash","volume":"68","author":"Anduiza","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Political Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1017\/pan.2019.5","article-title":"A note on dropping experimental subjects who fail a manipulation check","volume":"27","author":"Aronow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polit. Anal."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000400","article-title":"A systematic review of the ambivalent sexism literature: hostile sexism protects men's power; benevolent sexism guards traditional gender roles","volume":"149","author":"Bareket","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib5","first-page":"21","article-title":"Masculinism and the antifeminist countermovement","volume":"11","author":"Blais","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Mov. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib6","volume":"vol. 325","author":"Blalock","year":"1967"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1086\/702278","article-title":"Economic self-reliance and gender inequality between U.S. Men and women, 1970\u20132010","volume":"124","author":"Bloome","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Sociol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib8","first-page":"3","volume":"1","author":"Blumer","year":"1958","journal-title":"Race Prejudice as a Sense of Group Position. The Pacific Sociological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.07.026","article-title":"The role of sexism in voting in the 2016 presidential election","volume":"119","author":"Bock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pers. Indiv. Differ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/0022-4537.00126","article-title":"The psychology of prejudice: ingroup love and outgroup hate?","volume":"55","author":"Brewer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Soc. Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/00104140231223745","article-title":"Backlash or progressive mobilization? Voter reactions to perceived trajectories of women's representation","author":"Breyer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comparative Political Studies 00104140231223745"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib12","series-title":"Good Guys, Bad Guys: the Perils of Men's Gender Activism","author":"Carian","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2378023117740699","article-title":"Playing the Trump card: masculinity threat and the US 2016 presidential election","volume":"4","author":"Carian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Socius"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1080\/18902138.2014.892289","article-title":"Combining hegemonic masculinity and intersectionality","volume":"9","author":"Christensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"NORMA: International Journal for Masculinity Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-021-09672-5","article-title":"Hypergamy among South Korean women and its implications for the marriage rate","volume":"41","author":"Chung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Popul. Res. Pol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/ajps.12391","article-title":"All male panels? Representation and democratic legitimacy","volume":"63","author":"Clayton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Polit. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpos.2023.1038659","article-title":"Masculinity, sexism and populist radical right support","volume":"5","author":"Coffe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Political Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib18","series-title":"Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics","author":"Connell","year":"2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243205278639","article-title":"Hegemonic masculinity: rethinking the concept","volume":"19","author":"Connell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gend. Soc."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-9335\/a000248","article-title":"How threats to masculinity sequentially cause public discomfort, anger, and ideological dominance over women","volume":"46","author":"Dahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/ajps.12595","article-title":"Hate crimes and gender imbalances: fears over mate competition and violence against refugees","volume":"66","author":"Dancygier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Polit. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007123421000612","article-title":"Understanding ambivalent sexism and its relationship with electoral choice in britain","volume":"52","author":"De Geus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Polit. Sci."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-023-01349-x","article-title":"Something to prove? Manhood threats increase political aggression among liberal men","volume":"88","author":"DiMuccio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex. Roles"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.74.1.80","article-title":"Group identification and intergroup attitudes: a longitudinal analysis in South Africa","volume":"74","author":"Duckitt","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/1097184X14533642","article-title":"Compromising positions: unmarried men, heterosexuality, and two-phase masculinity","volume":"17","author":"Eck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Men Masculinities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib26","series-title":"Promises I Can Keep: Why Poor Women Put Motherhood before Marriage","author":"Edin","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib27","first-page":"56","article-title":"Make America manly Again: Trump as the savior of white American masculinity","author":"Esposito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trumpism: The Politics of Gender in a Post-Propitious America"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12012","article-title":"The end of hypergamy: global trends and implications","volume":"42","author":"Esteve","year":"2016","journal-title":"Popul. Dev. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1023\/B:SOCI.0000003553.30419.f1","article-title":"Evolution of hostile sexism and benevolent sexism in a Spanish sample","volume":"66","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc. Indicat. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/17405629.2016.1144508","article-title":"Sexist attitudes and beliefs during adolescence: a longitudinal study of gender differences","volume":"14","author":"Ferragut","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dev. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/1088767913510297","article-title":"Mass shootings in America: moving beyond newtown","volume":"18","author":"Fox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Homicide Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1089\/vio.2017.0016","article-title":"Gender differences in patterns and trends in US homicide, 1976\u20132015","volume":"4","author":"Fox","year":"2017","journal-title":"Violence Gend."},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-4446.12319","article-title":"The politics of social status: economic and cultural roots of the populist right","volume":"68","author":"Gidron","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Sociol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1177\/1097184X05284994","article-title":"Crafting heterosexual masculine identities on campus: college men talk about romantic love","volume":"9","author":"Gilmartin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Men Masculinities"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib35","first-page":"491","article-title":"The ambivalent sexism inventory: differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism","volume":"70","author":"Glick","year":"1996"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00104.x","article-title":"Hostile and benevolent sexism: measuring ambivalent sexist attitudes toward women","volume":"21","author":"Glick","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Women Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.1999.tb00379.x","article-title":"The ambivalence toward men inventory","volume":"23","author":"Glick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol. Women Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-9335\/a000025","article-title":"Hostility toward men and the perceived stability of male dominance","volume":"41","author":"Glick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.86.5.713","article-title":"Bad but bold: ambivalent attitudes toward men predict gender inequality in 16 nations","volume":"86","author":"Glick","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1080\/21565503.2019.1633934","article-title":"Gender, modern sexism, and the 2016 election","volume":"7","author":"Godbole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Politics, Groups, and Identities"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-021-09704-y","article-title":"The gender backlash in the vote for Brexit","volume":"45","author":"Green","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polit. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib42","article-title":"Men who hate women: the misogyny of involuntarily celibate men","author":"Halpin","year":"2023","journal-title":"New Media & Society 14614448231176777"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550617727588","article-title":"Benevolent sexism and hostile sexism across the ages","volume":"9","author":"Hammond","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Psychol. Personal. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/spc3.12522","article-title":"Relationship (in) security is central to the sources and outcomes of sexist attitudes","volume":"14","author":"Hammond","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1093\/esr\/jcab024","article-title":"Modernization losers' revenge? Income mobility and support for right- and left-wing populist parties in Germany","volume":"38","author":"Hartmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Socio Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib46","article-title":"Subjective inequality in South Korea: perception, belief, and discontent","volume":"89","author":"Hwang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP24","DOI":"10.1177\/13684302211042424","article-title":"Resistance towards increasing gender diversity in masculine domains: the role of intergroup threat","volume":"25","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Group Process. Intergr. Relat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055423000357","article-title":"Female representation and legitimacy: evidence from a harmonized experiment in Jordan, Morocco, and Tunisia","volume":"118","author":"Kao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. Polit. Sci. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib49","article-title":"Hegemonic masculinity and mass murderers in the United States","volume":"8","author":"Kennedy-Kollar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Southwest Journal of Criminal Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23780231231196791","article-title":"Antifeminist sentiments and marital desire among young men: evidence from South Korea","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib51","series-title":"The Demography of Transforming Families","first-page":"183","article-title":"The gender war and the rise of anti-family sentiments in South Korea","author":"Kim","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/lsq.12371","article-title":"Why do young men oppose gender quotas? Group threat and backlash to legislative gender quotas","volume":"47","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Legis. Stud. Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/089124387001003003","article-title":"Men's responses to feminism at the turn of the century","volume":"1","author":"Kimmel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gend. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib54","series-title":"Angry White Men: American Masculinity at the End of an Era","author":"Kimmel","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/ssqu.12547","article-title":"I just don't think she has a presidential look\u2019: sexism and vote choice in the 2016 election","volume":"100","author":"Knuckey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000016","article-title":"If my masculinity is threatened I won't support gender equality? The role of agentic self-stereotyping in restoration of manhood and perception of gender relations","volume":"17","author":"Kosakowska-Berezecka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Men Masc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12281","article-title":"Zero\u2010sum thinking and the masculinity contest: perceived intergroup competition and workplace gender bias","volume":"74","author":"Kuchynka","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Soc. Issues"},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1177\/0010414020912283","article-title":"The declining middle: occupational change, social status, and the populist right","volume":"53","author":"Kurer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comp. Polit. Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/asap.12150","article-title":"Economic anxieties undermine support for female (but not male) political candidates","volume":"18","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Soc. Issues Public Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib60","series-title":"Ethnocentrism: Theories of conflict, ethnic attitudes, and group behavior","author":"LeVine","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib61","series-title":"Breaking the Bowls: Degendering and Feminist Change","author":"Lorber","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/1097184X14523432","article-title":"Triple entitlement and homicidal anger: an exploration of the intersectional identities of American mass murderers","volume":"17","author":"Madfis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Men Masculinities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib63","series-title":"Down Girl: the Logic of Misogyny","author":"Manne","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260516645817","article-title":"I love you but I cyberbully you: the role of hostile sexism","volume":"34","author":"Martinez-Pecino","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/19419899.2020.1806915","article-title":"Stacys, beckys, and chads: the construction of femininity and hegemonic masculinity within incel rhetoric","volume":"13","author":"Menzie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychology and Sexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib66","series-title":"Falling from Grace: the Experience of Downward Mobility in the American Middle Class","author":"Newman","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.2307\/2657326","article-title":"The consequences of premarital fatherhood","author":"Nock","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. Socio. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib68","first-page":"1475","article-title":"Multidimensional and intersectional cultural grievances over gender, sexuality and immigration","author":"Off","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Polit. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpos.2022.909811","article-title":"Who perceives women's rights as threatening to men and boys? Explaining modern sexism among young men in europe","volume":"4","author":"Off","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Political Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-017-0761-z","article-title":"Restoring threatened masculinity: the appeal of sexist and anti-gay humor","volume":"77","author":"O'Connor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex. Roles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2016.10.003","article-title":"Growing educational differentials in the retreat from marriage among Korean men","volume":"66","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib72","article-title":"Does downward social mobility make people more hostile towards immigrants?","volume":"72","author":"Paskov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib73","article-title":"What makes people feel poor when they are economically non-poor? Investigating the role of intergenerational mobility and comparison with friends","volume":"75","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/pops.12655","article-title":"Gender attitudes and public opinion towards electoral gender quotas in Brazil","volume":"41","author":"Pereira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polit. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1177\/1368430217741203","article-title":"Engendering support: hostile sexism predicts voting for Donald Trump over hillary clinton in the 2016 US presidential election","volume":"22","author":"Ratliff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Group Process. Intergr. Relat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-073014-112428","article-title":"Marriage and family in east asia: continuity and change","volume":"41","author":"Raymo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Sociol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib77","article-title":"Psychometric properties of short versions of the ambivalent sexism inventory and ambivalence toward men inventory","volume":"21","author":"Rollero","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-016-0651-9","article-title":"When women's gains equal men's losses: predicting a zero-sum perspective of gender status","volume":"76","author":"Ruthig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex. Roles"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007123420000319","article-title":"The heightened importance of racism and sexism in the 2018 US midterm elections","volume":"52","author":"Schaffner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Polit. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/polq.12737","article-title":"Understanding white polarization in the 2016 vote for president: the sobering role of racism and sexism","volume":"133","author":"Schaffner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polit. Sci. Q."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716218822457","article-title":"How intergenerational mobility shapes attitudes toward work and welfare","volume":"682","author":"Schuck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764212466241","article-title":"Economic crisis, neoliberal reforms, and the rise of precarious work in South Korea","volume":"57","author":"Shin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167206294745","article-title":"Antecedents of men's hostile and benevolent sexism: the dual roles of social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism","volume":"33","author":"Sibley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00103.x","article-title":"Overt, covert, and subtle sexism: a comparison between the attitudes toward women and modern sexism scales","volume":"21","author":"Swim","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Women Q."},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfy003","article-title":"Mobilizing sexism: the interaction of emotion and gender attitudes in the 2016 US presidential election","volume":"82","author":"Valentino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Publ. Opin. Q."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/asap.12308","article-title":"Hegemonic masculinities in the \u2018manosphere\u2019: a thematic analysis of beliefs about men and women on the red pill and incel","volume":"22","author":"Vallerga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anal. Soc. Issues Public Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029826","article-title":"Hard won and easily lost: a review and synthesis of theory and research on precarious manhood","volume":"14","author":"Vandello","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol. Men Masc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1177\/1103308817697240","article-title":"Young, innocent and sexist? Social differences in benevolent and hostile sexist attitudes towards women amongst flemish adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Vandenbossche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Young"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1017\/XPS.2022.28","article-title":"How dropping subjects who failed manipulation checks can bias your results: an illustrative case","volume":"10","author":"Varaine","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Political Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1086\/668417","article-title":"Overdoing gender: a test of the masculine overcompensation thesis","volume":"118","author":"Willer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Sociol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1017\/S1743923X22000010","article-title":"Hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and American elections","volume":"19","author":"Winter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polit. Gend."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.07.033","article-title":"The very high sex ratio in rural China: impact on the psychosocial wellbeing of unmarried men","volume":"73","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib93","first-page":"1","article-title":"\uc0dd\uba85\ud45c \uae30\ubc95\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ubbf8\ud63c\ub0a8\ub140\uc758 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub825\uacfc \uc0dd\uc560\ubbf8\ud63c\uc728 \ucd94\uc815: 1980\u223c 2015","volume":"24","author":"\uae40\ubbf8\uc120","year":"2019","journal-title":"\ud1b5\uacc4\uc5f0\uad6c"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib94","first-page":"337","article-title":"Priming to Ambivalent Sexism on Self-Objectification and Appearance Management intention of College Women Student: With an Emphasis on Benevolent Sexism","volume":"24","author":"\uae40\uacbd\ud76c","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib95","first-page":"1","article-title":"\ud55c\uad6d \uc131\uc778\uc758 \uc131\uc5ed\ud560\uac08\ub4f1, \uc591\uac00\uc801 \uc131\ucc28\ubcc4\uc8fc\uc758, \uacf5\uaca9\uc131\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uad70\uc9d1 \uc720\ud615\ubcc4 \uac15\uac04\ud1b5\ub150\uc218\uc6a9\ub3c4","volume":"28","author":"\uc870\uc740\ud61c","year":"2022","journal-title":"\ud55c\uad6d\uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559\ud68c\uc9c0: \ubb38\ud654\ubc0f \uc0ac\ud68c\ubb38\uc81c"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib96","first-page":"117","article-title":"\uc801\ub300\uc801 \uc131\ucc28\ubcc4\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \uc628\uc815\uc801 \uc131\ucc28\ubcc4\uc8fc\uc758\uac00 \uc5ec\uc131 \ud558\uc704 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud0dc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5","volume":"19","author":"\uae40\ud61c\uc219","year":"2005","journal-title":"\ud55c\uad6d\uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559\ud68c\uc9c0: \uc0ac\ud68c \ubc0f \uc131\uaca9"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134_bib97","first-page":"1067","article-title":"\uc628\uc815\uc801 \uc131\ucc28\ubcc4\uc8fc\uc758 \uc778\uc2dd \ud5a5\uc0c1 \ubc0f \uc784\ud30c\uc6cc\uba3c\ud2b8\ub97c \uc704\ud55c\uc628\ub77c\uc778 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \uac1c\ubc1c \ubc0f \ud6a8\uacfc \uac80\uc99d","volume":"30","author":"\uc774\uc2b9\uc6d0","year":"2018","journal-title":"\ud55c\uad6d\uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559\ud68c\uc9c0: \uc0c1\ub2f4 \ubc0f \uc2ec\ub9ac\uce58\ub8cc"}],"container-title":["Social Science Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0049089X2400156X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0049089X2400156X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T22:42:23Z","timestamp":1745448143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0049089X2400156X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["S0049089X2400156X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-089X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-089X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Men's decline and rising support for hostile sexism: A survey experiment from South Korea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Social Science Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2024.103134","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103134"}}