{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T15:41:47Z","timestamp":1791128507910,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":367,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stiftung Sybille Assmus","award":["SFB873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB873"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dietmar Hopp Foundation"},{"name":"ERA-NET E-RARE"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I 3029-B30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I 3029-B30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Stem Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T10:55:56Z","timestamp":1545303356000},"page":"166-182.e13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Identification of Embryonic Neural Plate Border Stem Cells and Their Generation by Direct Reprogramming from Adult Human Blood Cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Marc Christian","family":"Thier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Hommerding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasper","family":"Panten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"W\u00f6rsd\u00f6rfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yassen","family":"Assenov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Scognamiglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Przybylla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Kaschutnig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Milsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Jauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Utikal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Monyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Edenhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Trumpp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3115","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation data with RnBeads","volume":"11","author":"Assenov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5187","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.5187","article-title":"Support vector clustering","volume":"3","author":"Ben-Hur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scholarpedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2965","article-title":"The ability of inner-cell-mass cells to self-renew as embryonic stem cells is acquired following epiblast specification","volume":"16","author":"Boroviak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.01.004","article-title":"Sequential expression of pluripotency markers during direct reprogramming of mouse somatic cells","volume":"2","author":"Brambrink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3519","article-title":"Near-optimal probabilistic RNA-seq quantification","volume":"34","author":"Bray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.07.017","article-title":"Expandable and rapidly differentiating human induced neural stem cell lines for multiple tissue engineering applications","volume":"7","author":"Cairns","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2249","article-title":"Combined small-molecule inhibition accelerates developmental timing and converts human pluripotent stem cells into nociceptors","volume":"30","author":"Chambers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-128","article-title":"Enrichr: interactive and collaborative HTML5 gene list enrichment analysis tool","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2761","article-title":"Neural stem cell systems: physiological players or in\u00a0vitro entities?","volume":"11","author":"Conti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e283","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030283","article-title":"Niche-independent symmetrical self-renewal of a mammalian tissue stem cell","volume":"3","author":"Conti","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05413","article-title":"An SCN9A channelopathy causes congenital inability to experience pain","volume":"444","author":"Cox","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28973","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28973","article-title":"CRISP-ID: decoding CRISPR mediated indels by Sanger sequencing","volume":"6","author":"Dehairs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.107","article-title":"The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease","volume":"18","author":"Di Lullo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.08.004","article-title":"From genes to pain: Na v 1.7 and human pain disorders","volume":"30","author":"Dib-Hajj","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1616208","article-title":"Human ES cell-derived neural rosettes reveal a functionally distinct early neural stem cell stage","volume":"22","author":"Elkabetz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.428","article-title":"Differentiation stage determines potential of hematopoietic cells for reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells","volume":"41","author":"Eminli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4220","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.081497","article-title":"BMP, Wnt and FGF signals are integrated through evolutionarily conserved enhancers to achieve robust expression of Pax3 and Zic genes at the zebrafish neural plate border","volume":"139","author":"Garnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22882","article-title":"Pluripotent stem cell-derived radial glia-like cells as stable intermediate for efficient generation of human oligodendrocytes","volume":"63","author":"Gorris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.02.021","article-title":"Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into neural stem cells by defined factors","volume":"10","author":"Han","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2812","article-title":"E-CRISP: fast CRISPR target site identification","volume":"11","author":"Heigwer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.08.014","article-title":"A drug-inducible system for direct reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency","volume":"3","author":"Hockemeyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.11.006","article-title":"Direct conversion of human fibroblasts into neural progenitors using transcription factors enriched in human ESC-derived neural progenitors","volume":"8","author":"Hou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-017-0013-z","article-title":"Defining murine organogenesis at single-cell resolution reveals a role for the leukotriene pathway in regulating blood progenitor formation","volume":"20","author":"Ibarra-Soria","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22015","article-title":"Dorsal-ventral patterning of the neural tube: a tale of three signals","volume":"72","author":"Le Dr\u00e9au","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.04.056","article-title":"Single transcription factor conversion of human blood fate to NPCs with CNS and PNS developmental capacity","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8299","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014041108","article-title":"Rapid induction and long-term self-renewal of primitive neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells by small molecule inhibitors","volume":"108","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2016.09.006","article-title":"Neural crest stem cells and their potential therapeutic applications","volume":"419","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121003109","article-title":"Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to self-renewing, tripotent neural precursor cells","volume":"109","author":"Lujan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-0947-7","article-title":"Pooling across cells to normalize single-cell RNA sequencing data with many zero counts","volume":"17","author":"Lun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib30","first-page":"e52831","article-title":"Derivation of adult human fibroblasts and their direct conversion into expandable neural progenitor cells","author":"Meyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22205","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells: from immunophenotyping by flow cytometry to clinical applications","volume":"83","author":"Nery","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib32","first-page":"2083","article-title":"Notch signaling regulates the differentiation of neural crest from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"127","author":"Noisa","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10343","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105135108","article-title":"Direct conversion of human fibroblasts to dopaminergic neurons","volume":"108","author":"Pfisterer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.006","article-title":"Full-length RNA-seq from single cells using Smart-seq2","volume":"9","author":"Picelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr362","article-title":"A procedure to statistically evaluate agreement of differential expression for cross-species genomics","volume":"27","author":"Pounds","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.143","article-title":"Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system","volume":"8","author":"Ran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59252","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059252","article-title":"Derivation and expansion using only small molecules of human neural progenitors for neurodegenerative disease modeling","volume":"8","author":"Reinhardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.12.033","article-title":"Myc depletion induces a pluripotent dormant state mimicking diapause","volume":"164","author":"Scognamiglio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjv052","article-title":"FGF8 signaling sustains progenitor status and multipotency of cranial neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells in\u00a0vivo and in\u00a0vitro","volume":"7","author":"Shao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2008-1075","article-title":"Induced pluripotent stem cell generation using a single lentiviral stem cell cassette","volume":"27","author":"Sommer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib41","first-page":"4327","article-title":"Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from peripheral blood using the STEMCCA lentiviral vector","author":"Sommer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.05.035","article-title":"A quantitative framework to evaluate modeling of cortical development by neural stem cells","volume":"83","author":"Stein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm369","article-title":"GSEA-P: a desktop application for gene set enrichment analysis","volume":"23","author":"Subramanian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D447","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku1003","article-title":"STRING v10: protein-protein interaction networks, integrated over the tree of life","volume":"43","author":"Szklarczyk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2017.08.015","article-title":"A modular platform for differentiation of human PSCs into all major ectodermal lineages","volume":"21","author":"Tchieu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.03.003","article-title":"Direct conversion of fibroblasts into stably expandable neural stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Thier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2859","article-title":"The dynamics and regulators of cell fate decisions are revealed by pseudotemporal ordering of single cells","volume":"32","author":"Trapnell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08797","article-title":"Direct conversion of fibroblasts to functional neurons by defined factors","volume":"463","author":"Vierbuchen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2001.0485","article-title":"Posteriorization by FGF, Wnt, and retinoic acid is required for neural crest induction","volume":"241","author":"Villanueva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17540","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017540","article-title":"Cell-surface marker signatures for the isolation of neural stem cells, glia and neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"6","author":"Yuan","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Cell Stem Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1934590918305514?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1934590918305514?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T13:47:11Z","timestamp":1761832031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1934590918305514"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1934590918305514"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.734676926.793564367","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1934-5909"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-5909","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Identification of Embryonic Neural Plate Border Stem Cells and Their Generation by Direct Reprogramming from Adult Human Blood Cells","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Stem Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2018.11.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}