{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T09:26:09Z","timestamp":1788081969338,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/S002774\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/S002774\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/M009122\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/M009122\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015846","name":"Llywodraeth Cymru","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015846","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008662","name":"Joachim Herz Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013915","name":"EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Smart Medical Imaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/W524682\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/W524682\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Structure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T15:42:05Z","timestamp":1771861325000},"page":"704-717.e3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The long and short of it: Distinct natural crystal packing strategies of Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2612-2749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah L.","family":"Best","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lainey J.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam B.","family":"Cutts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Galchenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksandr","family":"Yefanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Bryce-Sharron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"de Wijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Schubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Munke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Henkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjarne","family":"Klopprogge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. Emilie S.","family":"Scheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Kremling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Awel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisel","family":"Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juraj","family":"Knoska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Keloth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Maracke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Letrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egor","family":"Sobolev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Bielecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sravya","family":"Kantamneni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Doerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Kloos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Lourdu","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Lauffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maite","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Primitivo","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Waller-Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emyr","family":"Lloyd-Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Uetrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry N.","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Crickmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre J.","family":"Rizkallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Oberth\u00fcr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2732","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6092732","article-title":"Structural insights into Bacillus thuringiensis Cry, Cyt and parasporin toxins","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3296","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6123296","article-title":"Bacillus thuringiensis toxins: an overview of their biocidal activity","volume":"6","author":"Palma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2025.108319","article-title":"Specificity database for bacterial pesticidal proteins against invertebrate targets","volume":"211","author":"Berry","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Invertebr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-120220-105502","article-title":"Management of insect pests with Bt crops in the United States","volume":"68","author":"Gassmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.21673","article-title":"How do toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis kill insects? An evolutionary perspective","volume":"104","author":"Heckel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2020.107438","article-title":"A structure-based nomenclature for Bacillus thuringiensis and other bacteria-derived pesticidal proteins","volume":"186","author":"Crickmore","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Invertebr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aiip.2023.09.003","article-title":"Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry pesticidal proteins","volume":"65","author":"Bravo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.11.022","article-title":"Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry and Cyt toxins and their potential for insect control","volume":"49","author":"Bravo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13070443","article-title":"How does Bacillus thuringiensis crystallize such a large diversity of toxins?","volume":"13","author":"Tetreau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9030080","article-title":"In vivo crystallization of three-domain Cry toxins","volume":"9","author":"Adalat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2018.01.004","article-title":"The full-length Cry1Ac protoxin without proteolytic activation exhibits toxicity against insect cell line CF-203","volume":"152","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invertebr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01612-07","article-title":"Production and characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac-resistant cotton bollworm Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)","volume":"74","author":"Anilkumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.935","article-title":"Activity of gut proteinases from Cry1Ab-selected colonies of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)","volume":"60","author":"Siqueira","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20263","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.005101","article-title":"The C-terminal protoxin region of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxin has a functional role in binding to GPI-anchored receptors in the insect midgut","volume":"293","author":"Pe\u00f1a-Carde\u00f1a","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2011.02557.x","article-title":"Single cysteine substitution in Bacillus thuringiensis Cry7Ba1 improves the crystal solubility and produces toxicity to Plutella xylostella larvae","volume":"13","author":"Peng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.58.8.2536-2542.1992","article-title":"Novel Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein with a silent activity against coleopteran larvae","volume":"58","author":"Lambert","year":"1992","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.10.3847-3853.1994","article-title":"Comparison of Disulfide Contents and Solubility at Alkaline pH of Insecticidal and Noninsecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis Protein Crystals","volume":"60","author":"Du","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl. Environ Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12100642","article-title":"Characterization of Two Novel Bacillus thuringiensis Cry8 Toxins Reveal Differential Specificity of Protoxins or Activated Toxins against Chrysomeloidea Coleopteran Superfamily","volume":"12","author":"Shu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(65)80205-4","article-title":"Studies on the structure of parasporal inclusions from Bacillus thuringiensis","volume":"14","author":"Holmes","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2011(67)90065-1","article-title":"Enzymatic hydrolysis of the crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis by the proteases of Pieris brassicae I. Preparation and fractionation of the lysates","volume":"9","author":"Lecadet","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Invertebr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2536","article-title":"Structure of the full-length insecticidal protein Cry1Ac reveals intriguing details of toxin packaging into in vivo formed crystals","volume":"23","author":"Evdokimov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2023.149144","article-title":"Crystal structure of the in-cell Cry1Aa purified from Bacillus thuringiensis","volume":"685","author":"Tanaka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-142-7-1617","article-title":"Mutagenesis of three surface-exposed loops of a Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal toxin reveals residues important for toxicity, receptor recognition and possibly membrane insertion","volume":"142","author":"Smedley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2625","article-title":"Domain III exchanges of Bacillus thuringiensis CryIA toxins affect binding to different gypsy moth midgut receptors","volume":"216","author":"Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib25","first-page":"915","article-title":"Recombinant Bacillus thuringiensis Crystal Proteins with New Properties: Possibilities for Resistance Management","volume":"12","author":"Bosch","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s002840010318","article-title":"Expression and crystallization of an N-terminally activated form of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ca toxin","volume":"43","author":"Kouskoura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4520","article-title":"Discovery and characterisation of field resistance to organophosphorus chemicals in a major mite pest, Halotydeus destructor","volume":"73","author":"Umina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.172","article-title":"Validation of metal-binding sites in macromolecular structures with the CheckMyMetal web server","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/1368","article-title":"Peptide bonds revisited","volume":"5","author":"Weiss","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.2459","article-title":"Non-proline cis peptide bonds in proteins","volume":"286","author":"Jabs","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.05.022","article-title":"Inference of macromolecular assemblies from crystalline state","volume":"372","author":"Krissinel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.172.1.355","article-title":"pH GRADIENTS IN LEPIDOPTERAN MIDGUT","volume":"172","author":"Dow","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0965-1748(95)00064-X","article-title":"Gut pH and amylase and protease activity in larvae of the New Zealand grass grub (Costelytra zealandica; Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) as a basis for selecting inhibitors","volume":"26","author":"Biggs","year":"1996","journal-title":"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-5521(02)00156-4","article-title":"Metallochaperones: Bind and Deliver","volume":"9","author":"Rosenzweig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20170122","article-title":"The human cancer cell active toxin Cry41Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis acts like its insecticidal counterparts","volume":"474","author":"Krishnan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14070795","article-title":"A Shared Receptor Suggests a Common Ancestry between an Insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Protein and an Anti-Cancer Parasporin","volume":"14","author":"Bryce-Sharron","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1127\/entomologia\/2020\/0995","article-title":"Insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1, Cry2 and Vip3 toxin combinations in Spodoptera exigua control: highlights on synergism and data scoring","volume":"41","author":"Baranek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Entomol. Gen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_18010001.x","article-title":"Regulation of insecticidal crystal protein production in Bacillus thuringiensis","volume":"18","author":"Baum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01139.x","article-title":"The two faces of Bacillus thuringiensis: insecticidal proteins and post-exponential survival","volume":"7","author":"Aronson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12769","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413456111","article-title":"Protein crystal structure obtained at 2.9 \u00c5 resolution from injecting bacterial cells into an X-ray free-electron laser beam","volume":"111","author":"Sawaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4376","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31746-x","article-title":"De novo determination of mosquitocidal Cry11Aa and Cry11Ba structures from naturally-occurring nanocrystals","volume":"13","author":"Tetreau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btae370","article-title":"RCSB protein Data Bank: exploring protein 3D similarities via comprehensive structural alignments","volume":"40","author":"Bittrich","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2670309","article-title":"Characterization of the cysteine residues and disulphide linkages in the protein crystal of Bacillus thuringiensis","volume":"267","author":"Bietlot","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(86)31036-X","article-title":"Disulfide bonds as probes of protein folding pathways","volume":"131","author":"Creighton","year":"1986","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3390\/encyclopedia1010024","article-title":"Metal Binding Proteins","volume":"1","author":"Permyakov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Encyclopedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2012.01.013","article-title":"Role of metal in folding and stability of copper proteins in vitro","volume":"1823","author":"Palm-Espling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.1c03271","article-title":"Metal Ion Binding Induces Local Protein Unfolding and Destabilizes Human Carbonic Anhydrase II","volume":"61","author":"McConnell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(02)00006-2","article-title":"Nutritional and cultural parameters influencing antidipteran delta-endotoxin production","volume":"154","author":"Ozkan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-020-01452-8","article-title":"Enhancing the insecticidal activity of new Bacillus thuringiensis X023 by copper ions","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.003","article-title":"The role of membrane-bound metal ions in toxicity of a human cancer cell-active pore-forming toxin Cry41Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis","volume":"167","author":"Domanska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.1.506-515.2006","article-title":"Protease inhibitors fail to prevent pore formation by the activated Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Aa in insect brush border membrane vesicles","volume":"72","author":"Kirouac","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.2.440-447.1997","article-title":"Interaction between Calcium Ions and Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Activity against Sf9 Cells (Spodoptera frugiperda, Lepidoptera)","volume":"63","author":"Monette","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7742","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M611382200","article-title":"Parasporin-1, a novel cytotoxic protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, induces Ca2+ influx and a sustained elevation of the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration in toxin-sensitive cells","volume":"282","author":"Katayama","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19080.x","article-title":"Conformational changes of the recombinant extracellular domain of E-cadherin upon calcium binding","volume":"223","author":"Pokutta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13717","DOI":"10.1021\/bi026323k","article-title":"Proteolytic cleavage of the developmentally important cadherin BT-R1 in the midgut epithelium of Manduca sexta","volume":"41","author":"Candas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(90)90159-J","article-title":"Occurrence and role of cis peptide bonds in protein structures","volume":"214","author":"Stewart","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-142","article-title":"Extraction of consensus protein patterns in regions containing non-proline cis peptide bonds and their functional assessment","volume":"12","author":"Exarchos","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)00098-2","article-title":"Two non-proline cis peptide bonds may be important for factor XIII function","volume":"423","author":"Weiss","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb0198-3","article-title":"Breaking up is hard to do","volume":"5","author":"Stoddard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16144","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.27.16144","article-title":"Sequential structural changes upon zinc and calcium binding to metal-free concanavalin A","volume":"271","author":"Bouckaert","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-021-00225-8","article-title":"Research advances and prospects of legume lectins","volume":"46","author":"Katoch","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6586","DOI":"10.1021\/jf020190s","article-title":"How proteins bind carbohydrates: lessons from legume lectins","volume":"50","author":"Sharon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022573","article-title":"A chimeric lectin formed from Bauhinia purpurea lectin and Lens culinaris lectin recognizes a unique carbohydrate structure","volume":"127","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s004380050290","article-title":"Mapping of the entomocidal fragment of Spodoptera-specific Bacillus thuringiensis toxin CryIC","volume":"253","author":"Strizhov","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20190732","article-title":"Differential proteolytic activation of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry41Aa parasporin modulates its anticancer effect","volume":"476","author":"Souissi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(01)00601-3","article-title":"Structure of Cry2Aa Suggests an Unexpected Receptor Binding Epitope","volume":"9","author":"Morse","year":"2001","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15107","article-title":"Dual mode of action of Bt proteins: protoxin efficacy against resistant insects","volume":"5","author":"Tabashnik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib68","first-page":"D84","article-title":"GenBank","volume":"48","author":"Sayers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889812002312","article-title":"CrystFEL: a software suite for snapshot serial crystallography","volume":"45","author":"White","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1107\/S2059798323003595","article-title":"The CCP4 suite: integrative software for macromolecular crystallography","volume":"79","author":"Agirre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Struct. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07487-w","article-title":"Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3","volume":"630","author":"Abramson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib72","series-title":"The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 1.8","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","article-title":"MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput","volume":"32","author":"Edgar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2203241120","article-title":"Structure of the Lysinibacillus sphaericus Tpp49Aa1 pesticidal protein elucidated from natural crystals using MHz-SFX","volume":"120","author":"Williamson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4112","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-8913com","article-title":"A new Cry toxin with a unique two-component dependency from Bacillus sphaericus","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"2007","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1997.00754.x","article-title":"Binding kinetics of Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin to midgut brush-border membranes of Anopheles and Culex sp. mosquito larvae","volume":"247","author":"Silva-Filha","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576720013989","article-title":"The XBI BioLab for life science experiments at the European XFEL","volume":"54","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5124387","article-title":"Evaluation of serial crystallographic structure determination within megahertz pulse trains","volume":"6","author":"Yefanov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4025","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06156-7","article-title":"Megahertz serial crystallography","volume":"9","author":"Wiedorn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600577519003308","article-title":"The single particles, clusters and biomolecules and serial femtosecond crystallography instrument of the European XFEL: initial installation","volume":"26","author":"Mancuso","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Synchrotron Radiat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1107\/S2052252518008369","article-title":"Rapid sample delivery for megahertz serial crystallography at X-ray FELs","volume":"5","author":"Wiedorn","year":"2018","journal-title":"IUCrJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14434-6","article-title":"Ultracompact 3D microfluidics for time-resolved structural biology","volume":"11","author":"Kno\u0161ka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib83","article-title":"Double-flow focused liquid injector for efficient serial femtosecond crystallography","volume":"7","author":"Oberthuer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576716007469","article-title":"OnDA: online data analysis and feedback for serial X-ray imaging","volume":"49","author":"Mariani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1107\/S2053273319010593","article-title":"XGANDALF\u2013extended gradient descent algorithm for lattice finding","volume":"75","author":"Gevorkov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. A Found. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889807021206","article-title":"Phaser crystallographic software","volume":"40","author":"McCoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444906022116","article-title":"The Buccaneer software for automated model building. 1. Tracing protein chains","volume":"62","author":"Cowtan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444911001314","article-title":"REFMAC5 for the refinement of macromolecular crystal structures","volume":"67","author":"Murshudov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444904019158","article-title":"Coot: model-building tools for molecular graphics","volume":"60","author":"Emsley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."}],"container-title":["Structure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096921262600016X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096921262600016X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:17:29Z","timestamp":1779337049000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S096921262600016X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S096921262600016X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-2126"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-2126","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The long and short of it: Distinct natural crystal packing strategies of Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Structure","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.str.2026.01.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}