{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T14:51:36Z","timestamp":1784127096394,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,6]],"date-time":"2010-01-06T10:13:54Z","timestamp":1262772834000},"page":"45-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Anorectal Abscess and Fistula-in-Ano: Evidence-Based Management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna L.","family":"Naig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric K.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-009-0638-x","article-title":"Long-term success rate after surgical treatment of anorectal and rectovaginal fistulas in Crohn's disease","author":"Loffler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480807401008","article-title":"Long-term outcome of endorectal advancement flap for complex anorectal fistulae","volume":"74","author":"Abbas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e31819a5c52","article-title":"Who is at risk for developing chronic anal fistula or recurrent anal sepsis after initial perianal abscess?","volume":"52","author":"Hamadani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6023","article-title":"Length of follow-up after fistulotomy and fistulectomy associated with endorectal advancement flap repair for fistula in ano","volume":"95","author":"Ortiz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-002-0429-0","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial comparing simple drainage of anorectal abscess with and without fistula tract treatment","volume":"18","author":"Oliver","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-005-0060-y","article-title":"Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing drainage alone vs primary sphincter-cutting procedures for anorectal abscess-fistula","volume":"21","author":"Quah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2005.00797.x","article-title":"Finding the source of a fistula","volume":"7","author":"Aluwihar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000068857","article-title":"A case of large mucinous adenocarcinoma arising in a long-standing fistula-in-ano","volume":"20","author":"Erhan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2007.01266.x","article-title":"Faecal incontinence in male patients","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0651-7","article-title":"Patterns of fecal incontinence after anal surgery","volume":"47","author":"Lindsey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(80)90048-3","article-title":"Natural history of perianal Crohn's disease. Ten-year follow up: a plea for conservatism","volume":"140","author":"Buchmann","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02053858","article-title":"Factors related to frequency, type and outcome of anal fistulas in Crohn's disease","volume":"35","author":"Halme","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib13","first-page":"533","article-title":"Metronidazole therapy for Crohn's disease and associated fistulae","volume":"79","author":"Jakobovits","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0873-8","article-title":"Efficacy of topical metronidazole (10 percent) in the treatment of anorectal Crohn's disease","volume":"48","author":"Stringer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02058706","article-title":"Perianal Crohn's disease: results of local surgical treatment","volume":"39","author":"Sangwan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02068077","article-title":"Long-term seton drainage for high anal fistulas in Crohn's disease \u2013 a sphincter-saving operation?","volume":"39","author":"Faucheron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08512-4","article-title":"Maintenance infliximab for Crohn's disease: the ACCENT I randomized trial","volume":"359","author":"Hanaver","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199905063401804","article-title":"Infliximab for the treatment of fistula in patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"340","author":"Present","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030815","article-title":"Infliximab maintenance for fistulizing Crohn's disease","volume":"350","author":"Sands","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9077-3","article-title":"Does infliximab infusion impact results of operative treatment for Crohn's perianal fistulas?","volume":"50","author":"Gaertner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480607200103","article-title":"Intraoperative physical diagnosis in the management of anal fistula","volume":"72","author":"Gonzalez-Ruiz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-870155","article-title":"Endoanal ultrasound-guided surgery for anal fistula","volume":"37","author":"Ratto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4181","article-title":"Potential clinical implications of directions of a trans-sphincteric anal fistula track","volume":"90","author":"Buchanan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-005-0204-7","article-title":"Fibrin glue for fistula-in-ano: the evidence reviewed","volume":"9","author":"Swinscoe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051064","article-title":"Fibrin adhesive in the treatment of perineal fistulas","volume":"34","author":"Hjortrup","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2004.00676.x","article-title":"Fibrin glue in the management of anal fistulae","volume":"6","author":"Hammond","year":"2004","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib27","article-title":"Seton drainage and fibrin glue injection for complex anal fistulas","author":"de Parades","year":"2008","journal-title":"Colorectal dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib28","article-title":"Incontinence rates after cutting seton treatment for anal fistula","author":"Ritchie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2006.01.007","article-title":"Role of fibrin glue in the management of simple and complex fistula in ano","volume":"10","author":"Dietz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02237355","article-title":"Repair of fistula-in-ano using fibrin adhesive. Long-term follow up","volume":"43","author":"Cintron","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1159\/000085299","article-title":"Treatment of fistulas in ano with fibrin glue","volume":"22","author":"Gisbertz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-005-3121-5","article-title":"The use of fibrin glue in the treatment of fistula-in-ano: a prospective study","volume":"36","author":"Maralcan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9405-2","article-title":"Long-term outlook after successful fibrin glue ablation of cryptoglandular transsphincteric fistula-in-ano","volume":"51","author":"Adams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-255X(01)80028-7","article-title":"Fibrin glue for all anal fistulas","volume":"5","author":"Sentovich","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6589-y","article-title":"Fibrin glue for anal fistulas: long-term results","volume":"46","author":"Sentovich","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-7247-0","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of fibrin glue vs conventional treatment for anal fistula","volume":"45","author":"Lindsey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib37","first-page":"528","article-title":"Prospective, multicenter evaluation of highly concentrated fibrin glue in the treatment of complex cryptogenic perianal fistulas","volume":"7","author":"Zmora","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1159\/000018804","article-title":"Fibrin glue-antibiotic mixture in the treatment of anal fistulae: experience with 69 cases","volume":"17","author":"Patrlj","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"issue":"76","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib39","first-page":"1071","article-title":"Fibrin glue treatment for simple and complex anal fistulas","volume":"54","author":"Witte","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib40","first-page":"565","article-title":"Early experience using porcine small intestinal submucosa to repair fistulas-in-ano","volume":"47","author":"Robb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-005-0288-1","article-title":"Efficacy of anal fistula plug vs fibrin glue in closure of anorectal fistulas","volume":"49","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2003.09.025","article-title":"Clinical application of porcine small intestinal submucosa in the management of infected or potentially contaminated abdominal defects","volume":"8","author":"Ueno","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0755-3","article-title":"Efficacy of anal fistula plug in closure of cryptoglandular fistulas: long-term follow-up","volume":"49","author":"Champagne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0637-8","article-title":"Novel biomaterials in the management of anal fistulas","volume":"49","author":"Hammond","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2007.01423.x","article-title":"The Surgisis AFP anal fistula plug: report of a consensus conference","volume":"10","year":"2008","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0695-y","article-title":"Efficacy of anal fistula plug in closure of Crohn's anorectal fistulas","volume":"49","author":"O'Connor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cursur.2006.07.005","article-title":"Bioprosthetic plugs for complex anal fistulas: an early experience","volume":"64","author":"Ellis","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib48","article-title":"To determine the efficacy of anal fistula plug in the treatment of high fistula-in-ano: an initial experience","author":"Garg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-007-0398-4","article-title":"Initial experience on efficacy in closure of cryptoglandular and Crohn's transsphincteric fistulas by the use of the anal fistula plug","volume":"23","author":"Schwandner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9191-2","article-title":"Collagen fistula plug for the treatment of anal fistulas","volume":"51","author":"Ky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib51","article-title":"Efficacy of the anal fistula plug in complex anorectal fistulae","author":"Thekkinkattil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e31819c96ac","volume":"52","author":"Safar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal Fistula Plug: intial experience and outcomes. Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-0298-2","article-title":"Anal fistula plug for closure of difficult anorectal fistula: a prospective study","volume":"50","author":"van Koperen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9374-5","article-title":"Treatment of complex anal fistulas with the collagen fistula plug","volume":"51","author":"Christoforidis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib55","article-title":"A retrospective review of chronic anal fistulae treated by anal fistulae plug","author":"El-Gazzaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-7249-y","article-title":"Outcomes of primary repair of anorectal and rectovaginal fistulae using endorectal advancement flap","volume":"45","author":"Sonoda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-255X(97)80138-2","article-title":"Endorectal mucosal advancement flap: the preferred method for complex cryptoglandular fistula-in-ano","volume":"1","author":"Golub","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-006-0172-z","article-title":"Clinical and manometric results of endorectal advancement flaps for complex anal fistula","volume":"22","author":"Uribe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9354-9","article-title":"Long-term functional outcome and risk factors for recurrence after surgical treatment for low and high perianal fistulas of cryptoglandular origin","volume":"51","author":"Koperen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.01.028","article-title":"Randomized clinical and manometric study of advancement flap versus fistulotomy with sphincter reconstruction in the management of complex fistula-in-ano","volume":"192","author":"Perez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0718-8","article-title":"Fibrin glue as an adjuvant to flap repair of anal fistulas: a randomized, controlled study","volume":"49","author":"Ellis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-008-0460-x","article-title":"Fibrin glue and transanal rectal advancement flap for high transsphincteric perianal fistulas; is there any advantage?","volume":"23","author":"van Koperen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9002-9","article-title":"Successful sphincter-sparing surgery for all anal fistulas","volume":"50","author":"Tyler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-005-0220-7","article-title":"Controlled, randomized trial of island flap anoplasty for treatment of trans-sphincteric fistula-in-ano: early results","volume":"9","author":"Ho","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2005.00850.x","article-title":"Staged mucosal advancement flap for the treatment of complex anal fistulas: pretreatment with noncutting setons and in case of recurrent multiple abscesses a diverting stoma","volume":"7","author":"van der Hagen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9242-3","article-title":"Endorectal advancement flaps in the treatment of high anal fistula of cryptoglandular origin: full-thickness vs. mucosal-rectum flaps","volume":"51","author":"Dubsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib67","series-title":"Sabiston textbook of surgery: the biological basis of modern surgical practice","first-page":"1447","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02554037","article-title":"Results of treatment of fistula-in-ano","volume":"28","author":"Vasilevsky","year":"1985","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-008-9504-1","article-title":"Early experience with the bioabsorbable anal fistula plug","volume":"32","author":"Lawes","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234574","article-title":"The cutting seton: an experience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital","volume":"44","author":"Isbister","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02070710","article-title":"Cutting seton for anal fistulas: high risk of minor control defects","volume":"40","author":"Hamalainen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s101510100015","article-title":"Prospective randomized trial comparing ayurvedic cutting seton and fistulotomy for low fistula-in-ano","volume":"5","author":"Ho","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-004-0080-6","article-title":"Elastic one-stage cutting seton for the treatment of high anal fistulas: preliminary results","volume":"8","author":"Mentes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02053687","article-title":"Fistula-in-ano in Crohn's disease: results of aggressive surgical treatment","volume":"34","author":"Williams","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib75","first-page":"197","article-title":"Management of perianal Crohn's disease. Current treatment options","volume":"8","author":"Person","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02048270","article-title":"Cutting seton without preliminary internal sphincterotomy in management of complex high fistula-in-ano","volume":"39","author":"McCourtney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1159\/000052007","article-title":"Partial fistulotomy and modified cutting seton procedure in the treatment of high extrasphincteric perianal fistula","volume":"19","author":"Durgun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-003-0016-6","article-title":"Conventional cutting vs. internal anal sphincter-preserving seton for high trans-sphincteric fistula: a prospective randomized manometric and clinic trial","volume":"7","author":"Zbar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-005-0055-3","article-title":"Practice parameters for the treatment of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano (revised)","volume":"48","author":"Whiteford","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-005-0045-x","article-title":"Prospective clinical and manometric study of fistulotomy with primary sphincter reconstruction in the management of recurrent complex fistula-in-ano","volume":"21","author":"Perez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.12.015","article-title":"Fistulotomy with primary sphincter reconstruction in the management of complex fistula-in-ano: prospective study of clinical and manometric results","volume":"200","author":"Perez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6181-5","article-title":"Fecal incontinence severity index after fistulotomy: a predictor of quality of life","volume":"45","author":"Cavanaugh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-007-0277-z","article-title":"Factors affecting continence for fistulotomy for intersphincteric fistula-in-ano","volume":"22","author":"Toyonaga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02054434","article-title":"Anal fistula surgery: factors associated with recurrence and incontinence","volume":"39","author":"Garcia-Aguilar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1159\/000076644","article-title":"Anal fistulotomy with radiofrequency","volume":"21","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7944(03)00082-5","article-title":"Radiosurgical fistulotomy: an alternative to conventional procedure in fistula in ano","volume":"60","author":"Gupta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-005-0072-7","article-title":"Long-term outcome following mucosal advancement flap for high perianal fistulas and fistulotomy for low perianal fistulas. Recurrent perianal fistulas: failure of treatment or recurrent patient disease?","volume":"21","author":"van der Hagen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib88","first-page":"581","article-title":"Total anal sphincter saving technique for fistula-in-ano: the ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract","volume":"90","author":"Rojanasakul","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib89","unstructured":"Beals JK. Novel surgical correction of intersphincteric perianal fistulas preserves anal sphincter. Presented at American College of Surgeons 94th Annual Clinical Congress. October 15, 2008."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181973487","article-title":"Expanded adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of complex perianal fistula: a Phase II clinical trial","volume":"52","author":"Garcia-Olmo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SAP.0000029661.38066.15","article-title":"Future of fat as raw material for tissue regeneration","volume":"50","author":"De Ugarte","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"}],"container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039610909001546?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039610909001546?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T13:51:25Z","timestamp":1711115485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0039610909001546"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0039610909001546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2009.10.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6109","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}}}