{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T22:23:00Z","timestamp":1782253380591,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,26]],"date-time":"2013-07-26T07:59:20Z","timestamp":1374825560000},"page":"1255-1267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Pediatric Abdominal Wall Defects"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Katherine B.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd A.","family":"Ponsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib1","series-title":"Pediatric surgery","first-page":"1172","article-title":"Inguinal hernias and hydroceles","author":"Glick","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib2","series-title":"Operative pediatric surgery","first-page":"543","article-title":"Inguinal and femoral hernia","author":"Lloyd","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib3","series-title":"Nyhus and Condon\u2019s hernia","first-page":"435","article-title":"Unique features of groin hernia repair in infants and children","author":"Kurkchubasche","year":"2002"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2012.03.017","article-title":"Pediatric inguinal hernias, hydroceles, and undescended testicles","volume":"92","author":"Lao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)39581-0","article-title":"The precessus vaginalis and gubernaculums. Their raison d\u2019etre redefined","volume":"51","author":"Shrock","year":"1971","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.07.059","article-title":"Inguinal hernias can be accurately diagnosed using the parent\u2019s digital photographs when the physical examination is nondiagnostic","volume":"44","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-006-0302-1","article-title":"Prevention of unnecessary contralateral exploration using the silk glove sign (SGS) in pediatric patients with unilateral inguinal hernia","volume":"166","author":"Luo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01658863","article-title":"Current concepts in inguinal hernia in infants and children","volume":"13","author":"Grosfelf","year":"1989","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(93)90665-8","article-title":"Incarceration of inguinal hernia in infants prior to elective repair","volume":"28","author":"Stylianos","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2002.32889","article-title":"Preoperative ultrasound and intraoperative findings of inguinal hernias in children: a prospective study of 642 children","volume":"37","author":"Erez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(98)90284-6","article-title":"Ultrasonography for inguinal hernias in boys","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(92)90287-H","article-title":"Inguinal hernias in very low birth weight infants: incidence and timing of repair","volume":"27","author":"Rajput","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00681.x","article-title":"Low prevalence of complications of delayed herniotomy in the extremely premature infant","volume":"93","author":"Gonzalez Santacruz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2001.tb00433.x","article-title":"Inguinal hernias in premature babies: wait or operate?","volume":"90","author":"Misra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050507","article-title":"Early repair of inguinal hernia in premature babies","volume":"15","author":"Uemura","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1053","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0351","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral outcomes after\u00a0early exposure to anesthesia and surgery","volume":"128","author":"Flick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-002-0108-7","article-title":"The etiology of indirect inguinal hernias: congenital and\/or acquired?","volume":"7","author":"van Wessem","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-006-0012-9","article-title":"Patent processus vaginalis in the adult as a risk factor for the occurrence of indirect inguinal hernia","volume":"21","author":"van Veen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib19","first-page":"947","article-title":"Bilateral herniotomy in infants and children","volume":"37","author":"Rothenberg","year":"1955","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.020","article-title":"Six thousand three hundred sixty-one pediatric inguinal hernias: a 35 year review","volume":"41","author":"Ein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib21","first-page":"39","article-title":"Frequency of testicular atrophy following incarcerated hernia","volume":"38","author":"Le Coultre","year":"1983","journal-title":"Z\u00a0Kinderchir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1958.tb86226.x","article-title":"Testicular infarction in infancy: its association with irreducible inguinal hernia","volume":"45","author":"Slomann","year":"1958","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib23","first-page":"303","article-title":"Incarcerated inguinal hernia in childhood","volume":"101","author":"Wiklander","year":"1951","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90356-1","article-title":"Incidence of contralateral inguinal hernia: a prospective analysis","volume":"34","author":"Tackett","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib25","first-page":"1258","article-title":"The histopathology of iatrogenic cryptorchid testis: an insight into etiology","volume":"165","author":"Fenig","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Urol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(98)90537-1","article-title":"Is routine pathological evaluation of pediatric hernia sacs justified?","volume":"33","author":"Patrick","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199908000-00004","article-title":"The incidence of spermatic cord structures in inguinal hernia sacs from male children","volume":"23","author":"Steigman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-004-8922-x","article-title":"Two-year experience with minimally invasive herniorrhaphy in children","volume":"19","author":"Spurbeck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90490-6","article-title":"Laparoscopic treatment of congenital inguinal hernia in children","volume":"34","author":"Montupet","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.9326","article-title":"Laparoscopic surgery of inguinal hernias in children: initial experience","volume":"35","author":"Schier","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-002-8947-y","article-title":"Laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in children","volume":"17","author":"Gorsler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.02.028","article-title":"Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair\u2014a prospective personal series of 542 children","volume":"41","author":"Schier","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2008.0329","article-title":"Laparoscopic pediatric inguinal hernia repair: no ligation, just resection","volume":"20","author":"Riquelme","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.03.075","article-title":"Subcutaneous endoscopically assisted ligation (SEAL) of the internal ring for repair of inguinal hernias in children: a novel technique","volume":"40","author":"Harrison","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2006.16.513","article-title":"Percutaneous internal ring suturing: a simple minimally invasive technique for inguinal hernia repair in children","volume":"16","author":"Patkowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.08.032","article-title":"Laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for inguinal hernia in children: clinical outcome of 972 repairs done in 3\u00a0pediatric surgical institutions","volume":"41","author":"Takehara","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-008-9980-2","article-title":"Transcutaneous laparoscopic hernia repair in children: a prospective review of 275 hernia repairs with minimum 2-year follow-up","volume":"23","author":"Dutta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.08.007","article-title":"Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in the pediatric age group-experience with 437 children","volume":"45","author":"Parelkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-010-1188-6","article-title":"Fifteen years experience in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in pediatric patients. Results and considerations on a debated procedure","volume":"25","author":"Montupet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.04.001","article-title":"Laparoscopic vs open herniorrhaphy in the management of pediatric inguinal hernia: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-004-1291-7","article-title":"Rare inguinal hernia forms in children","volume":"20","author":"Schier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.06782.x","article-title":"Histopathological alterations of the vas deferens in rats exposed to polypropylene mesh","volume":"100","author":"Maciel","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-005-0055-1","article-title":"Is there a risk of infertility after inguinal mesh\u00a0repair? Experimental studies in the pig and the rabbit","volume":"10","author":"Peiper","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000157318.13975.2a","article-title":"Herniorrhaphy with polypropylene mesh causing inguinal vassal obstruction: a preventable cause of obstructive azoospermia","volume":"241","author":"Shin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90576-6","article-title":"Femoral hernia in children","volume":"34","author":"Al-Shanafey","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1007\/s004640000237","article-title":"Laparoscopic diagnosis and repair of pediatric femoral hernia: initial experience of four cases","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib47","series-title":"Pediatric surgery","first-page":"1143","article-title":"Disorders of the umbilicus","author":"Cilley","year":"2006"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680020072","article-title":"Incidence of umbilical hernia in African children: redefinition of \u201cnormal\u201d and reevaluation of indications for repair","volume":"25","author":"Meier","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib49","series-title":"Operative pediatric surgery","first-page":"543","article-title":"Umbilical and supraumbilical disease","author":"Kokoska","year":"2003"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.06.014","article-title":"Fifty-three-year experience with pediatric umbilical hernia repairs","volume":"46","author":"Zendejas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-003-1097-z","article-title":"Umbilicoplasty for large protruding umbilicus accompanying umbilical hernia: a simple and effective technique","volume":"20","author":"Ikeda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.19242","article-title":"Presentation and management of epigastric hernias in children","volume":"35","author":"Coats","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2012.02581.x","article-title":"Congenital lumbar hernia: 20 years\u2019 single centre experience","volume":"48","author":"Sharma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2002.32913","article-title":"Congenital lumbar hernias: a case report","volume":"37","author":"Karmani","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480907500303","article-title":"Lumbar hernia: surgical anatomy, embryology, and technique of repair","volume":"75","author":"Stamatiou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-002-0080-2","article-title":"Spigelian hernia in a child: case report and review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Losanoff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2007.01.026","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of gastroschisis repairs in the United States: 1996-2003","volume":"42","author":"Alvarez","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320580218","article-title":"Omphalocele and gastroschisis in Europe: a survey of 3 million births 1980-1990. EUROCAT Working Group","volume":"58","author":"Calzolari","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7062.903","article-title":"Congenital anterior abdominal wall defects in England and Wales 1987-93: retrospective analysis of OPCS data","volume":"313","author":"Tan","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-010-2701-7","article-title":"Clinical risk factors for gastroschisis and omphalocele in humans: a review of the literature","volume":"26","author":"Frolov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80640-3","article-title":"The vascular pathogenesis of gastroschisis: intrauterine interruption of the omphalomesenteric artery","volume":"98","author":"Hoyme","year":"1981","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.01.040","article-title":"\u201cPlastic\u201d sutureless abdominal wall closure in gastroschisis","volume":"39","author":"Sandler","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2005.12.003","article-title":"Gastroschisis and omphalocele","volume":"86","author":"Ledbetter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S003961091300087X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S003961091300087X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T05:00:46Z","timestamp":1646197246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S003961091300087X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S003961091300087X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6109","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}}}