{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T23:15:29Z","timestamp":1768000529680,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008877","name":"Conrad and Caroline Jobst Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008877","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T13:49:35Z","timestamp":1513604975000},"page":"349-360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Optimal Compression Therapy and Wound Care for Venous Ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Fedor","family":"Lurie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Bittar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Kasper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.101294","article-title":"Venous ulcers of the lower limb: where do we stand?","volume":"45","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355513477066","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of leg ulcers","volume":"28","author":"Pannier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib3","first-page":"168","article-title":"Leg ulcers: atypical presentations and associated co-morbidities","volume":"17","author":"Rayner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wound Pract Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/1596-3519.62615","article-title":"Epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of chronic leg ulcer: experience with sixty patients","volume":"9","author":"Rahman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Afr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03166911","article-title":"Prevalence and aetiology of leg ulcers in Ireland","volume":"169","author":"O'Brien","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05222.x","article-title":"Causes, investigation and treatment of leg ulceration","volume":"148","author":"Mekkes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib7","first-page":"4","article-title":"Health-related quality of life, self-esteem, and functional status of patients with leg ulcer","volume":"23","author":"Faria","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00543.x","article-title":"Human skin wounds: a major and snowballing threat to public health and the economy","volume":"17","author":"Sen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1994.tb02196.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic leg ulcers in Australia","volume":"64","author":"Baker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2012.10.021","article-title":"The real costs of treating venous ulcers in a contemporary vascular practice","volume":"1","author":"Ma","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(77)90030-0","article-title":"The socioeconomic effects of an iliofemoral venous thrombosis","volume":"22","author":"O'Donnell","year":"1977","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979704800111","article-title":"Socioeconomic impact of chronic venous insufficiency and leg ulcers","volume":"48","author":"Ruckley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib13","first-page":"161","article-title":"Socio-economic impact of chronic venous insufficiency. An underestimated public health problem","volume":"17","author":"Van den Oever","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.04.049","article-title":"Management of venous leg ulcers: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery \u00ae and the American Venous Forum","volume":"60","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90325-7","article-title":"The cause of venous ulceration","volume":"2","author":"Browse","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2012.012045","article-title":"Variability of interface pressure produced by ready-to-wear compression stockings","volume":"29","author":"Lurie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2015.07.001","article-title":"Variability in leg compression provided by gradient commercial stockings","volume":"3","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2017.06.003","article-title":"Patient-centered outcomes of a dual action pneumatic compression device in comparison to compression stockings for patients with chronic venous disease","volume":"5","author":"Lurie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2007.07.014","article-title":"Use of compression stockings in chronic venous disease: patient compliance and efficacy","volume":"21","author":"Raju","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.06.030","article-title":"Calf compression pressure required to achieve venous closure from supine to standing positions","volume":"42","author":"Partsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-151989","article-title":"Interface pressure and venous drainage of two compression stocking types in healthy volunteers and in patients with hemodynamic disturbances of the legs","volume":"61","author":"Riebe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.04.009","article-title":"On the mechanism of action of pneumatic compression devices: combined magnetic resonance imaging and duplex ultrasound investigation","volume":"48","author":"Lurie","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199709000-00010","article-title":"The fibrinolytic effects of intermittent pneumatic compression: mechanism of enhanced fibrinolysis","volume":"226","author":"Comerota","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00379-X","article-title":"Which venous leg ulcers will heal with limb compression bandages?","volume":"109","author":"Margolis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04654.x","article-title":"Venous ulcer: clinical characteristics and risk factors","volume":"50","author":"Abbade","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2004.10.002","article-title":"Risk factors for delayed healing and recurrence of chronic venous leg ulcers--an analysis of 1324 legs","volume":"29","author":"Gohel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1999.01288.x","article-title":"Venous ulcer healing by four-layer compression bandaging is not influenced by the pattern of venous incompetence","volume":"86","author":"Guest","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.11.069","article-title":"Risk factors related to the failure of venous leg ulcers to heal with compression treatment","volume":"49","author":"Milic","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.107496","article-title":"Prognostic indicators in venous ulcers","volume":"43","author":"Phillips","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2016.25.11.626","article-title":"Ulcer area reduction at 2\u00a0weeks predicts failure to heal by 24\u00a0weeks in the venous leg ulcers of patients living alone","volume":"25","author":"Parker","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010182","article-title":"Compression for venous leg ulcers","author":"O'Meara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.4959","article-title":"Frequent debridement for healing of chronic wounds","volume":"149","author":"Lebrun","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.4960","article-title":"Frequency of debridements and time to heal: a retrospective cohort study of 312 744 wounds","volume":"149","author":"Wilcox","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000405216.27050.97","article-title":"Special considerations in wound bed preparation 2011: an update\u00a9","volume":"24","author":"Sibbald","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib35","first-page":"52","article-title":"Low-frequency ultrasound for patients with lower leg ulcers due to chronic venous insufficiency: a report of two cases","volume":"60","author":"Maher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20080009","article-title":"Noncontact ultrasound therapy for adjunctive treatment of nonhealing wounds: retrospective analysis","volume":"88","author":"Bell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/00129334-200610000-00011","article-title":"Evaluation of clinical effectiveness of MIST ultrasound therapy for the healing of chronic wounds","volume":"19","author":"Ennis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WON.0000347658.79722.f9","article-title":"Adjuvant use of acoustic pressure wound therapy for treatment of chronic wounds: a retrospective analysis","volume":"36","author":"Cole","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.1999.8.1.25828","article-title":"Chronic wounds and nursing care","volume":"8","author":"Lindholm","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib40","series-title":"Pressure ulcer treatment. Clinical practice guideline","first-page":"15","author":"Bergstorm","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800721004","article-title":"The effect of antiseptics on the healing wound: a study using the rabbit ear chamber","volume":"72","author":"Brennan","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib42","first-page":"74","article-title":"Cleaning choices","volume":"88","author":"Glide","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nurs Times"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.1997.6.1.23","article-title":"Wound irrigation","volume":"6","author":"Lawrence","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-6757(98)90133-4","article-title":"Comparison of normal saline with tap water for wound irrigation","volume":"16","author":"Moscati","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.16.1.63","article-title":"Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Wound cleaning methods","volume":"16","author":"Thompson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib46","first-page":"28","article-title":"A\u00a0retrospective data analysis of antimicrobial dressing usage in 3,084 patients","volume":"56","author":"Fife","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.19629.x","article-title":"Surrogate endpoints for the treatment of venous leg ulcers","volume":"119","author":"Gelfand","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.6.1879","article-title":"Percent change in wound area of diabetic foot ulcers over a 4-week period is a robust predictor of complete healing in a 12-week prospective trial","volume":"26","author":"Sheehan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib49","first-page":"1","article-title":"DOMINATE wounds","volume":"26","author":"Gale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib50","unstructured":"Bittar S. Skin substitutes in the diabetic and venous stasis ulcer. Presentation at Wound Care\/HBO Symposium; Perrysburg (OH), May 18, 2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(05)70572-7","article-title":"Wound infection","volume":"77","author":"Robson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib52","series-title":"Scottsdale wound management guide","author":"Livingston","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/00129334-200610000-00012","article-title":"Increased bacterial burden and infection: the story of NERDS and STONES","volume":"19","author":"Sibbald","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib54","series-title":"Chronic wound care: a problem-based learning approach","first-page":"101","article-title":"Infection: diagnosis and management","author":"Stotts","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2010.00765.x","article-title":"The clinical efficacy of two semi-quantitative wound-swabbing techniques in identifying the causative organism(s) in infected cutaneous wounds","volume":"8","author":"Angel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2007.00321.x","article-title":"Biofilms in chronic wounds","volume":"16","author":"James","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.22.2682","article-title":"Biofilms and chronic infections","volume":"299","author":"Wolcott","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2012.00836.x","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the scientific evidence for biofilms in wounds","volume":"20","author":"Percival","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1086\/499406","article-title":"The relationship between antimicrobial resistance and patient outcomes: mortality, length of hospital stay, and health care costs","volume":"42","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.10.1291","article-title":"Consensus panel recommendations for chronic and acute wound dressings","volume":"143","author":"Vaneau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.10.1297","article-title":"Dressings for acute and chronic wounds: a systematic review","volume":"143","author":"Chaby","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039610917302050?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039610917302050?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]],"date-time":"2021-04-05T22:57:15Z","timestamp":1617663435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0039610917302050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0039610917302050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6109","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Optimal Compression Therapy and Wound Care for Venous Ulcers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgical Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}