{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T18:30:03Z","timestamp":1775500203611,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","surgical.theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]],"date-time":"2018-01-05T21:25:39Z","timestamp":1515187539000},"page":"361-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Role of Venous Stenting for Iliofemoral and Vena Cava Venous Obstruction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Adham N.","family":"Abou Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efthymios D.","family":"Avgerinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rabih A.","family":"Chaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.09.002","article-title":"Editor\u2019s choice\u2013 a systematic review of endovenous stenting in chronic venous disease secondary to iliac vein obstruction","volume":"51","author":"Seager","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib2","first-page":"105","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic venous disorders in geographically diverse populations: results from the vein consult program","volume":"31","author":"Rabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.05.015","article-title":"The epidemiology of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins","volume":"15","author":"Beebe-Dimmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-5574-9","article-title":"The post-thrombotic syndrome: the forgotten morbidity of deep venous thrombosis","volume":"21","author":"Kahn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semvascsurg.2015.07.001","article-title":"Treatment of iliac-caval outflow obstruction","volume":"28","author":"Raju","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.08.032","article-title":"Unexpected major role for venous stenting in deep reflux disease","volume":"51","author":"Raju","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2007.06.046","article-title":"Stenting of the venous outflow in chronic venous disease: long-term stent-related outcome, clinical, and hemodynamic result","volume":"46","author":"Neglen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.03002.x","article-title":"Determinants of health-related quality of life during the 2 years following deep vein thrombosis","volume":"6","author":"Kahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.09.036","article-title":"Technique of contemporary iliofemoral and infrainguinal venous thrombectomy","volume":"43","author":"Comerota","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"9810","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61753-4","article-title":"Long-term outcome after additional catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard treatment for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (the CaVenT study): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"379","author":"Enden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.3415","article-title":"Comparative outcomes of catheter-directed thrombolysis plus anticoagulation vs anticoagulation alone to treat lower-extremity proximal deep vein thrombosis","volume":"174","author":"Bashir","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.06.005","article-title":"Thrombolysis for deep venous thrombosis","volume":"55","author":"Comerota","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib13","first-page":"CD002783","article-title":"Thrombolysis for acute deep vein thrombosis","author":"Watson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001882","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.114.001882","article-title":"Comparative outcomes of catheter-directed thrombolysis plus anticoagulation versus anticoagulation alone in the treatment of inferior vena caval thrombosis","volume":"8","author":"Alkhouli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.03.041","article-title":"Secular trends in occurrence of acute venous thromboembolism: the Worcester VTE study (1985-2009)","volume":"127","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1311-6","article-title":"The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism","volume":"41","author":"Heit","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2014.07.007","article-title":"Outcomes and predictors of failure of thrombolysis for iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis","volume":"3","author":"Avgerinos","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.12.081","article-title":"Early thrombus removal strategies for acute deep venous thrombosis: clinical practice guidelines of the society for vascular surgery and the american venous forum","volume":"55","author":"Meissner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"7 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2009.04.017","article-title":"Society of Interventional Radiology position statement: treatment of acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis with use of adjunctive catheter-directed intrathrombus thrombolysis","volume":"20","author":"Vedantham","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"149","author":"Kearon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318214914f","article-title":"Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"123","author":"Jaff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1599142","article-title":"Scoring systems for postthrombotic syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Wik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.04.049","article-title":"Management of venous leg ulcers: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery (R) and the American Venous Forum","volume":"60","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib24","first-page":"889","article-title":"CIRSE standards of practice guidelines on iliocaval stenting","volume":"37","author":"Mahnken","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.08.032","article-title":"Unexpected major role for venous stenting in deep reflux disease","volume":"51","author":"Raju","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib26","first-page":"255","article-title":"Iliofemoral venous stenting extending into the femoral region: initial clinical experience with the purpose-designed zilver vena stent","volume":"54","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib27","series-title":"Vascular and endovascular surgery: a comprehensive review","article-title":"Endovascular repair of chronic venous obstruction","author":"Raju","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(03)01028-0","article-title":"In-stent recurrent stenosis in stents placed in the lower extremity venous outflow tract","volume":"39","author":"Neglen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.06.035","article-title":"Venous stenting across the inguinal ligament","volume":"48","author":"Neglen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.02.026","article-title":"A\u00a0modification of iliac vein stent technique","volume":"28","author":"Raju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2016.09.002","article-title":"Deep venous thrombosis associated with caval extension of iliac stents","volume":"5","author":"Murphy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surgery Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2010.01.056","article-title":"Bilateral stenting at the iliocaval confluence","volume":"51","author":"Neglen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/152660280000700201","article-title":"Balloon dilation and stenting of chronic iliac vein obstruction: technical aspects and early clinical outcome","volume":"7","author":"Neglen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endovasc Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002772","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.115.002772","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of stent placement for iliofemoral venous outflow obstruction: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Razavi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.08.003","article-title":"Reinterventions for nonocclusive iliofemoral venous stent malfunctions","volume":"49","author":"Raju","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2017.01.013","article-title":"Outcomes of iliac vein stents after pregnancy","volume":"5","author":"Dasari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surgery Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Comerota AJ, Hoffman L. Obstruction, evaluation of the zilver Venatm venous stent in the treatment of symptomatic iliofemoral venous outflow. ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Identifier NCT01970007. 2017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2016.12.1182"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015_bib38","unstructured":"Marston WA, Razavi MK. VIRTUS: an evaluation of the veniti Vicitm venous stent system in patients with chronic iliofemoral venous outflow obstruction (VIRTUS). ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Identifier NCT02112877. 2017."}],"container-title":["Surgical Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039610917302311?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039610917302311?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T02:29:29Z","timestamp":1570588169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0039610917302311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0039610917302311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6109","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Role of Venous Stenting for Iliofemoral and Vena Cava Venous Obstruction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgical Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suc.2017.11.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}