{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:51:04Z","timestamp":1777470664618,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["105-2314-B-182A-070-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["105-2314-B-182A-070-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["104-2314-B-182-050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104-2314-B-182-050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG 3I0211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG 3I0211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5D01061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5D01061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3E1721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3E1721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3C046c"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3C046c"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","surgjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,28]],"date-time":"2020-06-28T00:25:08Z","timestamp":1593303908000},"page":"578-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Two trajectories of functional recovery in thyroid surgery related unilateral vocal cord paralysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Pei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3532-7399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-An","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice M.K.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Feng","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsueh-Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7805-3458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuan-Jen","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2012.02.001","article-title":"Single institutional analysis of trends over 45 years in etiology of vocal fold paralysis","volume":"39","author":"Takano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e3180de4d49","article-title":"Vocal fold immobility: a longitudinal analysis of etiology over 20 years","volume":"117","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1159\/000099226","article-title":"Etiology of vocal cord paralysis","volume":"69","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(83)80001-7","article-title":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. A 10-year review of 564 patients","volume":"10","author":"Yamada","year":"1983","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e3181671b2d","article-title":"Evaluation of peripheral vocal cord paralysis by electromyography","volume":"118","author":"Grosheva","year":"2008","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0004","article-title":"Distinct disease and functional characteristics of thyroid surgery-related vocal fold palsy","volume":"26","author":"Tseng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib7","first-page":"257","article-title":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after thyroid surgery","volume":"93","author":"Alimoglu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2013.11.005","article-title":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy during surgery for benign thyroid diseases: risk factors and outcome analysis","volume":"155","author":"Enomoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2014.07.018","article-title":"Differential recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy rates after thyroidectomy","volume":"156","author":"Serpell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib10","first-page":"S199","article-title":"Voice outcomes after endoscopic injection laryngoplasty with hyaluronic acid stabilized gel","volume":"120","author":"Song","year":"2010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21097","article-title":"Early versus late injection medialization for unilateral vocal cord paralysis","volume":"120","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23473","article-title":"Long-term effects of injection laryngoplasty with a temporary agent on voice quality and vocal fold position","volume":"122","author":"Prendes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib13","first-page":"121","article-title":"Early hyaluronate injection improves quality of life but not neural recovery in unilateral vocal fold paralysis: an open-label randomized controlled study","volume":"33","author":"Pei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2007.05.012","article-title":"Vocal fold paresis and paralysis","volume":"40","author":"Rubin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Otolaryngologic clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib15","first-page":"396","article-title":"Vocal fold paresis: clinical and electrophysiologic features in a tertiary laryngology practice","volume":"23","author":"Simpson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24229","article-title":"Cricothyroid muscle dysfunction impairs vocal fold vibration in unilateral vocal fold paralysis","volume":"124","author":"Pei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25418","article-title":"Quantitative laryngeal electromyography assessment of cricothyroid function in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis","volume":"125","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21046","article-title":"Quantitative laryngeal electromyography: turns and amplitude analysis","volume":"120","author":"Statham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27868","article-title":"The impact of cricothyroid involvement on adductor recovery in unilateral vocal fold paralysis","volume":"130","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-4046-z","article-title":"The identification, preservation and classification of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in thyroidectomy","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-4142-3","article-title":"Use of the nerve integrity monitor during thyroid surgery aids identification of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve","volume":"22","author":"Glover","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4666-9","article-title":"Superior laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery: anatomical identification and monitoring","volume":"274","author":"Gavid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0457","article-title":"Is the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve dispensable in thyroid surgery?","volume":"26","author":"Folk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27336","article-title":"Risk factors for thyroid surgery-related unilateral vocal fold paralysis","volume":"129","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949610500407","article-title":"Quantitative videostroboscopic measurement of glottal gap and vocal function: an analysis of thyroplasty type I","volume":"105","author":"Omori","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(99)70399-2","article-title":"Validation of a voice outcome survey for unilateral vocal cord paralysis","volume":"120","author":"Gliklich","year":"1999","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.048","article-title":"Assessment of Chinese-version voice outcome survey in patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis","volume":"136","author":"Fang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24689","article-title":"Glottal gap as an early predictor for permanent laryngoplasty in unilateral vocal fold paralysis","volume":"124","author":"Fang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib29","first-page":"501","article-title":"Assessment of health-related quality of life in Taiwan (I): development and psychometric testing of SF-36 Taiwan version","volume":"22","author":"Lu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Taiwan J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib30","first-page":"512","article-title":"Assessment of health-related quality of life (II): Norming and validation of SF-36 Taiwan version","volume":"22","author":"Tseng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Taiwan J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940711600110","article-title":"Spontaneous laryngeal reinnervation after recurrent laryngeal or vagus nerve injury","volume":"116","author":"Woodson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.06.035","article-title":"Early unilateral laryngeal paralysis after pulmonary resection with mediastinal dissection for cancer","volume":"90","author":"Laccourreye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01655439","article-title":"Partial superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) lesions before and after thyroid surgery","volume":"12","author":"Jansson","year":"1988","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2880170108","article-title":"Superior laryngeal nerve injury from thyroid surgery","volume":"17","author":"Teitelbaum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","article-title":"2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Haugen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2012.09.011","article-title":"Vocal cord paralysis after aortic surgery","volume":"27","author":"DiLisio","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.11.054","article-title":"Vocal cord paralysis after aortic arch surgery: predictors and clinical outcome","volume":"43","author":"Ohta","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2004.10.007","article-title":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RLNP) following esophagectomy for carcinoma","volume":"31","author":"Gockel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200303000-00024","article-title":"Is the external laryngeal nerve an exclusively motor nerve? The cricothyroid connection branch","volume":"113","author":"Maranillo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20604","article-title":"Surgical anatomy of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and its clinical significance in head and neck surgery","volume":"21","author":"Kochilas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib41","first-page":"439","article-title":"Lesions of the laryngeal nerves during thyroidectomy: what's new?","volume":"109","author":"Popescu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chirurgia (Buchar)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.23950","article-title":"Proposal for anatomical classification of the superior pole in thyroid surgery","volume":"112","author":"Mizrachi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21965","article-title":"Effect of temporary vocal fold injection medialization on the rate of permanent medialization laryngoplasty in unilateral vocal fold paralysis patients","volume":"121","author":"Yung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"}],"container-title":["Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S003960602030252X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S003960602030252X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T10:54:59Z","timestamp":1758538499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S003960602030252X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S003960602030252X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6060"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6060","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Two trajectories of functional recovery in thyroid surgery related unilateral vocal cord paralysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2020.04.042","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}