{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T22:45:31Z","timestamp":1776379531359,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","surgjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T16:50:15Z","timestamp":1771433415000},"page":"110111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Withdrawal of life support following interfacility transfer in older adults with traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Yu-Tung","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Tang-Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Tung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Bardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Hsun","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9625-5363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhide","family":"Matsushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2014.09.002","article-title":"Changing demographics of the American population","volume":"95","author":"Halaweish","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00894.x","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury in older adults: epidemiology, outcomes, and future implications","volume":"54","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0114","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury in older adults\u2014A public health perspective","volume":"79","author":"Waltzman","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(18)30920-0","article-title":"Fall injuries in the elderly","volume":"1","author":"Baker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.07.188","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury in older adults: characteristics, causes and consequences","volume":"43","author":"Harvey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1982.tb01302.x","article-title":"Injury in late life. Part I. Epidemiology","volume":"30","author":"Hogue","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000273","article-title":"Epidemiology of comorbid conditions among adults 50 years and older with traumatic brain injury","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5371","article-title":"Geriatric traumatic brain injury: epidemiology, outcomes, knowledge gaps, and future directions","volume":"35","author":"Gardner","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000127767.83267.33","article-title":"The effect of age on functional outcome in mild traumatic brain injury: 6-month report of a prospective multicenter trial","volume":"56","author":"Mosenthal","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.1995","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury in an aging population","volume":"29","author":"Stocchetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-023-01097-7","article-title":"Care pathways and factors associated with interhospital transfer to neurotrauma centers for patients with isolated moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury: a population-based study from the Norwegian trauma registry","volume":"31","author":"Cuevas-\u00d8strem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14866","article-title":"Guidelines for safe transfer of the brain-injured patient: trauma and stroke, 2019: guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists and the Neuro Anaesthesia and Critical Care Society","volume":"75","author":"Nathanson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2017.1332123","article-title":"Out-of-hospital and inter-hospital under-triage to designated tertiary trauma centers among injured older adults: a 10-year statewide geospatial-adjusted analysis","volume":"21","author":"Garwe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.10.016","article-title":"Severe and multiple trauma in older patients; incidence and mortality","volume":"40","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000004118","article-title":"Management of traumatic brain injury in older adults: what you need to know","volume":"95","author":"Ghneim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib16","series-title":"ACS TQIP Best Practices in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib17","series-title":"Interfacility Transfer of Injured Patients: Guidelines for Rural Communities","author":"Petersen","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-022-00468-2","article-title":"Early management of isolated severe traumatic brain injury patients in a hospital without neurosurgical capabilities: a consensus and clinical recommendations of the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES)","volume":"18","author":"Picetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-024-02749-7","article-title":"Beliefs of physician directors on the management of devastating brain injuries at the Canadian emergency department and intensive care unit interface: a national site-level survey","volume":"71","author":"Wtorek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000004215","article-title":"Goals of care are rarely discussed prior to potentially futile trauma transfer: is it okay to say \"No\"","volume":"96","author":"Trenga-Schein","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003846","article-title":"Enhancing utility of interfacility triage guidelines using machine learning: development of the Geriatric Interfacility Trauma Triage score","volume":"94","author":"Garwe","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31824519ce","volume":"40","author":"Roozenbeek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7300","article-title":"Outcome prediction after moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: external validation of two established prognostic models in 1742 European patients","volume":"38","author":"Dijkland","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib24","series-title":"ACS TQIP Palliative Care Best Practices Guidelines","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-20-2428","article-title":"Narrative review of palliative care in trauma and emergency general surgery","volume":"11","author":"Ferre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-023-01717-1","article-title":"Palliative care in severe neurotrauma patients in the intensive care unit","volume":"39","author":"Dolmans","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-1351","article-title":"Differences in end-of-life care in the ICU across patients cared for by medicine, surgery, neurology, and neurosurgery physicians","volume":"145","author":"Kross","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-020-05730-4","article-title":"Lack of awareness and common misconceptions about palliative care among adults: insights from a national survey","volume":"35","author":"Flieger","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00374-4","article-title":"Effect of frailty on 6-month outcome after traumatic brain injury: a multicentre cohort study with external validation","volume":"21","author":"Galimberti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"}],"container-title":["Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039606026000334?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039606026000334?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T21:42:01Z","timestamp":1776375721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0039606026000334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S0039606026000334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6060"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6060","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Withdrawal of life support following interfacility transfer in older adults with traumatic brain injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110111","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110111"}}