{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T01:58:53Z","timestamp":1780970333739,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","surgjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T19:46:58Z","timestamp":1778874418000},"page":"110249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Defining failure to rescue in emergency general surgery on the Eve of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services adoption: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Oluwaseun","family":"Adeyemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9125-0909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divya","family":"Kewalramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2297-9956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Choron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4120-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Teichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0393-7249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"Englert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal","family":"Kyaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1808-8712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6211-0518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4654-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakan","family":"Guven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhwani","family":"Bharvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7185-7258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph S.","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0745-3341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry A.","family":"Pitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5848-527X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip S.","family":"Barie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7232-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayur","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31827e1bc7","article-title":"Emergency general surgery: definition and estimated burden of disease","volume":"74","author":"Shafi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.0480","article-title":"Use of national burden to define operative emergency general surgery","volume":"151","author":"Scott","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000787","article-title":"The financial burden of emergency general surgery: national estimates 2010 to 2060","volume":"79","author":"Ogola","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.01.006","article-title":"Hospital performance on failure to rescue correlates with likelihood of home discharge","volume":"287","author":"Stevens","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002365","article-title":"Failure to rescue in surgical patients: a review for acute care surgeons","volume":"87","author":"Hatchimonji","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199207000-00004","article-title":"Hospital and patient characteristics associated with death after surgery: a study of adverse occurrence and failure to rescue","volume":"30","author":"Silber","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31812e01cc","article-title":"Failure-to-rescue: comparing definitions to measure quality of care","volume":"45","author":"Silber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001591","article-title":"A metric of our own: failure to rescue after trauma","volume":"83","author":"Holena","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib9","series-title":"Patient Safety Indicator 04 (PSI 04): Death Rate Among Surgical Inpatients With Serious Treatable Complications","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002204","article-title":"Patient safety indicator 04 does not consistently identify failure to rescue in the neurosurgical population","volume":"92","author":"Azad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.2971","article-title":"Rescuing failure to rescue\u2014patient safety indicator 04 on the brink of obsolescence","volume":"156","author":"Leeds","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000810","article-title":"Failure to clear elevated lactate predicts 24-hour mortality in trauma patients","volume":"79","author":"Dezman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.07.011","article-title":"Fever in the postoperative patient","volume":"31","author":"Narayan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001016","article-title":"Acute care surgery and emergency general surgery: addition by subtraction","volume":"81","author":"Bruns","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000099","article-title":"Increased ICU resource needs for an academic emergency general surgery service","volume":"42","author":"Lissauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr5222","article-title":"Effect of comorbidities on the incidence of surgical site infection in patients undergoing emergency surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Amirah","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-2001-27","article-title":"The effect of comorbidity on mortality in elderly patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"\u00c7inar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15682","article-title":"High-risk comorbidity combinations in older patients undergoing emergency general surgery","volume":"67","author":"Ho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa064964","article-title":"Public reporting and pay for performance in hospital quality improvement","volume":"356","author":"Lindenauer","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00167","article-title":"Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews","volume":"18","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Evid Synth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib24","author":"Wells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib25","series-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 16","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sopen.2024.05.013","article-title":"Failure to rescue following emergency general surgery: a national analysis","volume":"20","author":"Balian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surg Open Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.09.015","article-title":"Emergency abdominal surgery in patients presenting from skilled nursing facilities: opportunities for palliative care","volume":"219","author":"Chernock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348241248796","article-title":"Deaths after readmissions are mostly attributable to failure-to-rescue in EGS patients","volume":"90","author":"Coimbra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.10.002","article-title":"Frailty in emergency general surgery: low-risk procedures pose similar risk as high-risk procedures for frail patients","volume":"173","author":"Collins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004628","article-title":"Failure to rescue in emergency general surgery: impact of fragmentation of care","volume":"277","author":"Hanna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002762","article-title":"Barriers to improving health care value in emergency general surgery: a nationwide analysis","volume":"89","author":"Hanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.11.086","article-title":"Differences between center-level outcomes in emergency and elective general surgery","volume":"261","author":"Hatchimonji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820934400","article-title":"Multiple complications in emergency surgery: identifying risk factors for failure-to-rescue","volume":"86","author":"Hatchimonji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2015.02.036","article-title":"Comparing preoperative targets to failure-to-rescue for surgical mortality improvement","volume":"220","author":"Hyder","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.04.010","article-title":"Increasing frailty in geriatric emergency general surgery: a cause for concern","volume":"266","author":"Kenawy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2017.08.002","article-title":"Geriatric rescue after surgery (GRAS) score to predict failure-to-rescue in geriatric emergency general surgery patients","volume":"215","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.08.033","article-title":"Failure to rescue after emergency general surgery in geriatric patients: does frailty matter?","volume":"233","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001829","article-title":"Emergency general surgery in geriatric patients: a statewide analysis of surgeon and hospital volume with outcomes","volume":"84","author":"Mehta","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001827","article-title":"Hospital variation in mortality after emergent bowel resections: the role of failure-to-rescue","volume":"84","author":"Mehta","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002142","article-title":"Emergency general surgery in geriatric patients: how should we evaluate hospital experience?","volume":"86","author":"Mehta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.04.047","article-title":"Failure to rescue and disparities in emergency general surgery","volume":"231","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.10.019","article-title":"Is there a \u201cweekend effect\u201d in emergency general surgery?","volume":"222","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2016.09.018","article-title":"How does a concurrent diagnosis of cancer influence outcomes in emergency general surgery patients?","volume":"212","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2015.02.044","article-title":"Emergency general surgery outcomes at safety net hospitals","volume":"196","author":"Shahan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2014.02.035","article-title":"The importance of the first complication: understanding failure to rescue after emergent surgery in the elderly","volume":"219","author":"Sheetz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182a5021d","article-title":"Improving mortality following emergent surgery in older patients requires focus on complication rescue","volume":"258","author":"Sheetz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.23389","article-title":"Assessment of hospital characteristics and interhospital transfer patterns of adults with emergency general surgery conditions","volume":"4","author":"Teng","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000001079","article-title":"Impact of procedure risk versus frailty on outcomes of elderly patients undergoing emergency general surgery: results of a national analysis","volume":"239","author":"Zakhary","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2018.03.002","article-title":"The Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2018 adult cardiac surgery risk models: part 1\u2014background, design considerations, and model development","volume":"105","author":"Shahian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.07.385","article-title":"Development and evaluation of the universal ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator: a decision aid and informed consent tool for patients and surgeons","volume":"217","author":"Bilimoria","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.12.006","article-title":"Variation in the definition of \u201cfailure to rescue\u201d from postoperative complications: a systematic review and recommendations for outcome reporting","volume":"175","author":"Wells","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2019.04.073","article-title":"Disparities in timing of trauma consultation: a trauma registry analysis of patient and injury factors","volume":"242","author":"de Angelis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481307900618","article-title":"Surgical intensive care unit admission variables predict subsequent readmission","volume":"79","author":"Lissauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa012247","article-title":"Nurse-staffing levels and the quality of care in hospitals","volume":"346","author":"Needleman","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib55","series-title":"Measures of Patient Safety Based on Hospital Administrative Data\u2014The Patient Safety Indicators","author":"McDonald","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199810000-00006","article-title":"The Department of Veterans Affairs' NSQIP: the first national, validated, outcome-based, risk-adjusted, and peer-controlled program for the measurement and enhancement of the quality of surgical care","volume":"228","author":"Khuri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.857938","article-title":"Survivor treatment selection bias and outcomes research","volume":"2","author":"Sy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2005.00624.x","article-title":"Quantifying the impact of survivor treatment bias in observational studies","volume":"12","author":"Austin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eval Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.2155","article-title":"Distinction of risk factors for superficial versus organ-space surgical site infections after pancreatic surgery","volume":"152","author":"Elliott","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae","article-title":"Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey","volume":"240","author":"Dindo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.11.002","article-title":"Use of present-on-admission indicators for complications after total knee arthroplasty: an analysis of Medicare administrative data","volume":"29","author":"Cram","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.07.006","article-title":"The impact of the present on admission indicator on the accuracy of administrative data for carotid endarterectomy and stenting","volume":"59","author":"Fokkema","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2012.08.017","article-title":"Methodology and analytic rationale for the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program","volume":"216","author":"Newgard","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib64","first-page":"253","article-title":"The Trauma Quality Improvement Program: pilot study and initial demonstration of feasibility","volume":"68","author":"Hemmila","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.19-3-260","article-title":"The National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2)","volume":"19","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)46589-8","article-title":"Organ injury scaling","volume":"75","author":"Moore","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000004248","article-title":"Improving outcomes in emergency general surgery: construct of a collaborative quality initiative","volume":"96","author":"Hemmila","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bjs\/znae062","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in surgery: a global balancing act","volume":"111","author":"Kewalramani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib69","article-title":"Position statement from the Society of University Surgeons, Surgical Education Committee: artificial intelligence in surgical training for medical students, residents, and fellows","volume":"190","author":"Kewalramani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249_bib70","series-title":"Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039606026001741?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039606026001741?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T01:03:37Z","timestamp":1780967017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0039606026001741"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0039606026001741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6060"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6060","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Defining failure to rescue in emergency general surgery on the Eve of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services adoption: A scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2026.110249","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110249"}}