{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T21:18:40Z","timestamp":1793049520696,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,30]],"date-time":"2007-11-30T22:55:26Z","timestamp":1196463326000},"page":"143-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["The clinical, electrophysiologic, and surgical characteristics of peripheral nerve injuries caused by gunshot wounds in adults: a 40-year experience"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Halil Ibrahim","family":"Secer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Daneyemez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozkan","family":"Tehli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Engin","family":"Gonul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"Izci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)31548-0","article-title":"Lower extremity nerve injuries","volume":"14","author":"Aldea","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200303000-00005","article-title":"Clinical update: gunshot wound ballistics","volume":"408","author":"Bartlett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.3.0323","article-title":"Experimental interfascicular nerve grafting","volume":"51","author":"Bratton","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib4","first-page":"27","article-title":"Long-term results of nerve sutures and grafts","volume":"1","author":"Brunelli","year":"1979","journal-title":"Int J Microsurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00383648","article-title":"Strategy and timing of peripheral nerve surgery","volume":"13","author":"Brunelli","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.42B2.205","article-title":"The results of repair of the sciatic nerve","volume":"42","author":"Clawson","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib7","first-page":"225","article-title":"The late consequences of sciatic nerve injury","volume":"42","author":"Clawson","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.205.269","article-title":"Prognostic factors for the surgical management of peripheral nerve lesions","volume":"205","author":"Daneyemez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib9","first-page":"79","article-title":"Microsurgical nervous reconstruction using autografts: a two-year follow-up","volume":"42","author":"Donzelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2730","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03720180056033","article-title":"Wound ballistics: a review of common misconceptions","volume":"259","author":"Fackler","year":"1988","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib11","first-page":"105","article-title":"Surgical treatment of common peroneal nerve injuries: indications and results. A series of 62 cases","volume":"48","author":"Garozzo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199904000-00077","article-title":"Evaluation and surgical management of peripheral nerve problems","volume":"44","author":"Grant","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200203000-00009","article-title":"Radial nerve injuries from gunshot wounds and other trauma: comparison of electrodiagnostic findings","volume":"81","author":"Guo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1980.53.1.0073","article-title":"Median and ulnar nerve transactions treated with microsurgical interfascicular cable grafting with autogenous sural nerve","volume":"53","author":"Haase","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(18)30759-9","article-title":"Techniques of peripheral nerve repair","volume":"2","author":"Harris","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B6.16995","article-title":"The effects of operative delay on the relief of neuropathic pain after injury to the brachial plexus. A review of 148 cases","volume":"88","author":"Kato","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib17","first-page":"149","article-title":"Surgery of peripheral nerves","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Kempe","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199608000-00014","article-title":"Management and results of peroneal nerve lesions: clinical study","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.16.5.4","article-title":"Penetrating injuries due to gunshot wounds involving the brachial plexus","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000124752.40412.03","article-title":"Management and outcomes in 318 operative common peroneal nerve lesions at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center","volume":"54","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)39839-5","article-title":"Operative management of major nerve lesions in the lower extremity","volume":"52","author":"Kline","year":"1972","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib22","first-page":"2362","article-title":"Acute injuries of peripheral nerves","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Kline","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.70.2.0166","article-title":"Civilian gunshot wounds to the brachial plexus","volume":"70","author":"Kline","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib24","series-title":"Nerve injuries","first-page":"117","article-title":"Lower extremity nerve: operative care and technique","author":"Kline","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib25","series-title":"Nerve injuries","first-page":"290","author":"Kline","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib26","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"3135","article-title":"Diagnostic approach to individual nerve injuries","author":"Kline","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.1.0013","article-title":"Management and results of sciatic nerve injuries: a 24-year experience","volume":"89","author":"Kline","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200006000-00001","article-title":"Nerve surgery as it is now and as it may be","volume":"46","author":"Kline","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1977.47.5.0744","article-title":"Comparison of fascicular, interfascicular and epineural techniques in the repair of simple nerve lacerations","volume":"47","author":"Levinthal","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib30","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"3179","article-title":"Techniques of nerve repair","author":"McGillicuddy","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658020-00008","article-title":"Further experience with interfascicular grafting of median and ulnar nerves","volume":"58","author":"Milesi","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20242","article-title":"Factors affecting the outcome of peripheral nerve surgery","volume":"26","author":"Millesi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1992.77.3.0457","article-title":"Effects of different methods of peripheral nerve repair on the number and distribution of muscle afferent neurons in rat dorsal root ganglion","volume":"77","author":"Myles","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456080-00010","article-title":"Injuries to nerves of the upper extremity","volume":"56","author":"Omer","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib35","first-page":"655","article-title":"Nerve injuries associated with gunshot wounds of the extremities","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Omer","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib36","series-title":"Management of peripheral nerve problems","first-page":"398","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injuries and gunshot wounds","author":"Omer","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib37","first-page":"455","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injuries during the 1991-1993 war period","volume":"52","author":"Roganovic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vojnosanit Pregl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-004-0361-x","article-title":"Missile severances of the radial nerve. Results of 131 repairs","volume":"146","author":"Roganovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000186034.58798.BF","article-title":"Missile-caused complete lesions of the peroneal nerve and peroneal division of the sciatic nerve: results of 157 repairs","volume":"57","author":"Roganovic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2004.08.007","article-title":"Missile-caused median nerve injuries: results of 81 repairs","volume":"63","author":"Roganovic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19850901-06","article-title":"Missile wounds of the extremities: a current concepts review","volume":"8","author":"Russotti","year":"1985","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196244010-00011","article-title":"A follow-up study of 172 peripheral nerve injuries in the upper extremity in civilians","volume":"44","author":"Sakkelarides","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199710000-00014","article-title":"Gunshot injuries to the brachial plexus","volume":"43","author":"Samardzic","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(98)00188-0","article-title":"Missile injury of the sciatic nerve","volume":"30","author":"Samardzic","year":"1999","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib45","series-title":"Peripheral nerve injuries. Medical Research Council Special Report Series","first-page":"282","author":"Seddon","year":"1954"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib46","series-title":"Techniques of nerve repair","first-page":"3179","article-title":"Surgical disorders of peripheral nerves","author":"Seddon","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib47","series-title":"Microreconstruction of nerve injuries","first-page":"253","article-title":"Surgical management of the lower extremity nerve lesions: clinical evaluation, surgical technique, results","author":"Sedel","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.75B5.8376437","article-title":"Nerve grafting for traction injuries of the common peroneal nerve: a report of 17 cases","volume":"75","author":"Sedel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(92)90130-F","article-title":"Long-term results of transplantations to repair median, ulnar and radial nerve lesions by a microsurgical interfascicular autogenesis cable graft technique","volume":"37","author":"Singh","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(200005)23:5<680::AID-MUS4>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Surgery for peripheral nerve and brachial plexus injuries or other nerve lesions","volume":"23","author":"Spinner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.83B4.0830517","article-title":"Penetrating missile injuries of the brachial plexus","volume":"83","author":"Stewart","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1948.tb03000.x","article-title":"Observation on injuries of the radial nerve due to gunshot wounds and other causes","volume":"17","author":"Sunderland","year":"1948","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.13.3.159","article-title":"Denervation changes in muscle","volume":"13","author":"Sunderland","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/74.4.491","article-title":"A classification of peripheral nerve injuries producing loss of function","volume":"74","author":"Sunderland","year":"1951","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/84.1.102","article-title":"Stress-strain phenomena in human peripheral nerve trunks","volume":"84","author":"Sunderland","year":"1961","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib56","first-page":"133","article-title":"Nerves and nerve injuries","author":"Sunderland","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib57","article-title":"Nerve injuries and their repair","author":"Sunderland","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198707000-00016","article-title":"Peripheral high-energy missile hits cause pressure changes and damage to the nervous system: experimental studies on pigs","volume":"27","author":"Sunesan","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199808000-00021","article-title":"Results of suture of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves after missile injury below the axilla","volume":"45","author":"Taha","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199808000-00022","article-title":"Results of suture of the sciatic nerve after missile injury","volume":"45","author":"Taha","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989411100409","article-title":"Blast injuries to the facial nerve","volume":"111","author":"Telischi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200104150-00013","article-title":"Decompression of the common peroneal nerve: experience with 20 consecutive cases","volume":"107","author":"Thoma","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199403000-00006","article-title":"Nerve grafting for lower extremity injuries","volume":"14","author":"Trumble","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(02)00104-9","article-title":"Management of neuromas","volume":"30","author":"Vernadakis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib65","first-page":"946","article-title":"Timing of nerve suture after gunshot wound","volume":"48","author":"White","year":"1960","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032_bib66","first-page":"632","article-title":"Primary suture of nerves","volume":"82","author":"Zachary","year":"1946","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090301907001309?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090301907001309?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T01:23:15Z","timestamp":1758763395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0090301907001309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0090301907001309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-3019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-3019","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The clinical, electrophysiologic, and surgical characteristics of peripheral nerve injuries caused by gunshot wounds in adults: a 40-year experience","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgical Neurology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.01.032","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}