{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:07:11Z","timestamp":1786997231937,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000872","name":"Pelican Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T11:42:27Z","timestamp":1528717347000},"page":"521-525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The rectosigmoid problem"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Nigel","family":"D'Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.P.M","family":"de Neree tot Babberich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Lord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabel","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muti","family":"Abulafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paris","family":"Tekkis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Wiggers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70202-4","article-title":"Non-operative treatment after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer","volume":"8","author":"O'Neill","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.140.10.932","article-title":"Localizing colorectal cancer by colonoscopy","volume":"140","author":"Piscatelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010580","article-title":"Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer","volume":"345","author":"Kapiteijn","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002990","article-title":"Long-term Survival and local relapse following surgery without Radiotherapy for locally advanced upper rectal cancer: an international multi-institutional study","volume":"95","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.12.027","article-title":"MRI identified prognostic features of tumors in distal sigmoid, rectosigmoid, and upper rectum: treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy","volume":"65","author":"Burton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"issue":"9666","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60484-0","article-title":"Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial","volume":"373","author":"Sebag-Montefiore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib7","first-page":"135","article-title":"Successful downstaging of high rectal and recto-sigmoid cancer by neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy","volume":"2","author":"O'Neill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Med. Oncol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040694","article-title":"Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer","volume":"351","author":"Sauer","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70116-X","article-title":"Chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine versus fluorouracil for locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial","volume":"13","author":"Hofheinz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060829","article-title":"Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer","volume":"355","author":"Bosset","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5124","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.22.0467","article-title":"Preoperative multimodality therapy improves disease-free survival in patients with carcinoma of the rectum: NSABP R-03","volume":"27","author":"Roh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3827","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.42.9597","article-title":"Randomized trial of short-course radiotherapy versus long-course chemoradiation comparing rates of local recurrence in patients with T3 rectal cancer: trans-tasman radiation oncology Group trial 01.04","volume":"30","author":"Ngan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(03)00532-7","article-title":"The addition of continuous infusion 5-FU to preoperative radiation therapy increases tumor response, leading to increased sphincter preservation in locally advanced rectal cancer","volume":"57","author":"Crane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3484-1","article-title":"Prognostic impact of circumferential resection margin in rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy","volume":"21","author":"Hwang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Surg Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib15","author":"NIH"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1004","article-title":"A systematic Approach to the Interpretation of preoperative staging MRI for rectal cancer","volume":"191","author":"Taylor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e31828cb66c","article-title":"Practice parameters for the management of rectal cancer (revised)","volume":"56","author":"Monson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis. Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib18","series-title":"TNM Supplement: a Commentary on Uniform Use","author":"Wittekind","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib19","first-page":"19","article-title":"The investigation of primary rectal cancer by surgeons: current pattern of practice","volume":"48","author":"McMullen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can. J. Surg."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361402","article-title":"Improved survival with preoperative radiotherapy in resectable rectal cancer","volume":"336","author":"Trial","year":"1997","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib21","first-page":"5","article-title":"The anatomy of the rectum and anal canal","volume":"29","author":"Mahadevan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02469505","article-title":"General rules for clinical and pathological studies on cancer of the colon, rectum and anus","volume":"13","author":"Dennosuke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib23","series-title":"Organspezifische Tumordokumentation: Prinzipien und Verschl\u00fcsselungsanweisungen f\u00fcr Klinik und Praxis","author":"Wagner","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib25","series-title":"Guidelines for the Management of Colorectal Cancer","author":"ACPGBI","year":"2007"},{"issue":"suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt240","article-title":"Rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"24","author":"Glimelius","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib27","series-title":"Colon and Rectum, in UICC Manual of Clinical Oncology","first-page":"308","author":"Glynne-Jones","year":"2015"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.8.583","article-title":"Guidelines 2000 for colon and rectal cancer surgery","volume":"93","author":"Nelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-010-0586-5","article-title":"SEOM clinical guidelines for the adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Gr\u00e1valos Castro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Oncol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.10529","article-title":"Effect of laparoscopic-assisted resection vs open resection of stage ii or iii rectal cancer on pathologic outcomes: the acosog z6051 randomized clinical trial","volume":"314","author":"Fleshman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"s3","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.01062.x","article-title":"Defining the rectum: surgically, radiologically and anatomically","volume":"8","author":"Salerno","year":"2006","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-015-2458-5","article-title":"The anthropometric definition of the rectum is highly variable","volume":"31","author":"Wasserman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Colorectal Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2008.23.6.999","article-title":"Intra-operative measurement of surgical lengths of the rectum and the peritoneal reflection in Korean","volume":"23","author":"Yun","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Kor. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181973a91","article-title":"A study into external rectal anatomy: improving patient selection for radiotherapy for rectal cancer","volume":"52","author":"Memon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis. Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0740-7","article-title":"Determination of the peritoneal reflection using intraoperative proctoscopy","volume":"47","author":"Najarian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis. Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002889","article-title":"Recognition of anterior peritoneal reflections and their relationship with rectal tumors using rectal magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"95","author":"Yiqun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7602","article-title":"Recognition of the anterior peritoneal reflection at rectal MRI","volume":"200","author":"Gollub","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O379","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12698","article-title":"Comparison between magnetic resonance imaging and rigid rectoscopy in the preoperative identification of intra-and extraperitoneal rectal cancer","volume":"16","author":"Paparo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2009.02.004","article-title":"Rigid sigmoidoscopy and MRI are not interchangeable in determining the position of rectal cancers","volume":"35","author":"Baatrup","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Surg. Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-009-0358-y","article-title":"Correlation between preoperative endoscopic and intraoperative findings in localizing colorectal lesions","volume":"34","author":"Louis","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.08.005","article-title":"How important is rigid proctosigmoidoscopy in localizing rectal cancer?","volume":"196","author":"Schoellhammer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005_bib42","unstructured":"Loughrey, M., P. Quirke, N. Shepherd, The royal college of pathologists: standards and datasets for reporting cancers. Dataset for Colorectal Cancer Histopathology Reports July 2014."}],"container-title":["Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960740417303936?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960740417303936?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T19:26:16Z","timestamp":1539372376000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960740417303936"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0960740417303936"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7404"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7404","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The rectosigmoid problem","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Surgical Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suronc.2018.06.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}