{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:20:48Z","timestamp":1792059648538,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","surveyophthalmol.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Survey of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,18]],"date-time":"2009-03-18T04:43:02Z","timestamp":1237351382000},"page":"235-244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The Blepharochalasis Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Daphna Mezad","family":"Koursh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara P.","family":"Modjtahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Selva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igal","family":"Leibovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Blepharochalasis mit struma und Doppellippe","volume":"65","author":"Ascher","year":"1920","journal-title":"Klin Mbl Augenheikd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74811-1","article-title":"Blepharochalasis associated with dermatomyositis and acute lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"113","author":"Bartley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J\u00a0Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib3","first-page":"109","article-title":"Lehre von den Augenkrankheiten, als Leitfaden, zu seinen offentlichen Vorlesungen entworfen. Vienna","volume":"2","author":"Beer","year":"1807","journal-title":"Huebner und Wolke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1926.02680210041013","article-title":"Blepharochalasis","volume":"87","author":"Benedict","year":"1926","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.72.11.863","article-title":"Blepharochalasis","volume":"72","author":"Bergin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br\u00a0J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1979.04010040057018","article-title":"Unilateral blepharochalasis","volume":"115","author":"Brazin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)80389-1","article-title":"Periorbital edema as an initial presentation of rosacea","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199109000-00001","article-title":"A review of 30 cases","volume":"7","author":"Collin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1979.00790210013003","article-title":"Delineating the cleft in upper blepharoplasty","volume":"105","author":"Collin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(85)90009-1","article-title":"Blepharochalasis syndrome","volume":"99","author":"Custer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-200204000-00009","article-title":"Dermatochalasis","volume":"42","author":"DeAngelis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01252.x","article-title":"Bilateral blepharochalasis","volume":"19","author":"Dozsa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198405000-00021","article-title":"Blepharochalasis after a bee sting","volume":"73","author":"Finney","year":"1984","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000182382.28552.1c","article-title":"Hereditary angioedema","volume":"17","author":"Frank","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2006.09.004","article-title":"Idiopathic recurrent angioedema","volume":"26","author":"Frigas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib16","first-page":"109","article-title":"Ueber Blepgharochalasis","volume":"9","author":"Fuchs","year":"1896","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wchnschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0105-4538.2003.00317.x","article-title":"Blepharochalasis misdiagnosed as allergic recurrent angioedema","volume":"58","author":"Garcia-Ortega","year":"2003","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.68.8.529","article-title":"Blepharochalasis with multiple system involvement","volume":"68","author":"Ghose","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90014-0","article-title":"Floppy eyelid syndrome and blepharochalasis","volume":"102","author":"Goldberg","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1081.x","article-title":"Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits in lesional skin of a patient with blepharochalasis","volume":"135","author":"Grassegger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib21","first-page":"91","article-title":"A review of blepharochalasis and other causes of the lax, wrinkled eyelid","volume":"45","author":"Held","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(03)00108-5","article-title":"Unilateral blepharochalasis","volume":"56","author":"Huemer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6700668","article-title":"Lacrimal gland prolapse in blepharochalasis","volume":"18","author":"Hundal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib24","first-page":"10","article-title":"Blepharochalasis syndrome: a proposed pathophysiologic mechanism","volume":"27","author":"Jordan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00709.x","article-title":"Elastin gene expression in blepharochalasis","volume":"32","author":"Kaneoya","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib26","first-page":"594","article-title":"Unilateral blepharochalasis","volume":"18","author":"Langley","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2005.07.001","article-title":"Floppy eyelid syndrome: clinical features and the association with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"7","author":"Leibovitch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.78.11.881","article-title":"Localised unilateral blepharochalasis","volume":"78","author":"Manners","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000236387.56709.6d","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis in children","volume":"18","author":"Militello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib30","first-page":"518","article-title":"A Case of blepharochalasis\u2014a variety of dermatolysis","volume":"14","author":"Randolph","year":"1916","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.01946.x","article-title":"Acquired localized cutis laxa confined to the face: case report and review of the literature","volume":"43","author":"Riveros","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-001-0303-y","article-title":"Unilateral blepharochalasis with IgA-deposits","volume":"53","author":"Schaeppi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib33","first-page":"661","article-title":"Etiology of eyelid edema","volume":"61","author":"Shah-Desai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ther Umsch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib34","first-page":"713","article-title":"Blepharochalasis\u2014report of two cases","volume":"13","author":"Stieren","year":"1914","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1978.03910050507031","article-title":"Blepharo-confusion\u2014blepharochalasis or dermatochalasis?","volume":"96","author":"Tenzel","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30390-X","article-title":"Granulomatous blepharitis as a sign of Melkersson- Rosenthal syndrome","volume":"104","author":"Yeatts","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Survey of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039625708002579?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0039625708002579?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T11:35:16Z","timestamp":1758540916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0039625708002579"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0039625708002579"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-6257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-6257","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Blepharochalasis Syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Survey of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}