{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T02:18:19Z","timestamp":1771294699391,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,24]],"date-time":"2009-05-24T08:24:39Z","timestamp":1243153479000},"page":"71-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate promotes oxidative stress prior to myelin structural changes and increases myelin copper content"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Olga M.","family":"Viquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Hee","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Does","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly L.","family":"Valentine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William M.","family":"Valentine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(05)01024-4","article-title":"Regulation of 4-hydroxynonenal mediated signaling by glutathione S-transferases","volume":"401","author":"Awasthi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(98)00151-9","article-title":"Multicomponent water proton transverse relaxation and T2-discriminated water diffusion in myelinated and nonmyelinated nerve","volume":"16","author":"Beaulieu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.03.025","article-title":"MRI of peripheral nerve degeneration and regeneration: correlation with electrophysiology and histology","volume":"188","author":"Bendszus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328314b678","article-title":"The risks of free copper in the body and the development of useful anticopper drugs","volume":"11","author":"Brewer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib5","first-page":"472","article-title":"A hard X-ray scanning microprobe for fluorescence imaging and microdiffraction at the advanced photon source","volume":"507","author":"Cai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. Inst. Physics Conf. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2005.02.008","article-title":"Repeated exposure to pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate induces peripheral nerve alterations in rats","volume":"158","author":"Calviello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1039\/b802242a","article-title":"Nano-imaging of trace metals by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence into dopaminergic single cells and neurite-like processes","volume":"23","author":"Carmona","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Anal. At. Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10425","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-2126","article-title":"Disulfiram, a clinically used anti-alcoholism drug and copper-binding agent, induces apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cultures and xenografts via inhibition of the proteasome activity","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1136(200009)31:3<249::AID-GLIA60>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Death signaling pathway induced by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate-Cu(2+) complex in the cultured rat cortical astrocytes","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"GLIA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib10","first-page":"401","article-title":"Implementation of X-ray fluorescence microscopy for investigation of elemental abnormalities in central nervous system tissue","author":"Chwiej","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R897","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1322","article-title":"Clioquinol and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complex with copper to form proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers in human breast cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"Daniel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/88.3.855S","article-title":"Role of copper in human neurological disorders","volume":"88","author":"Desai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910350212","article-title":"Multiexponential T2 relaxation in degenerating peripheral nerve","volume":"35","author":"Does","year":"1996","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2007.02.039","article-title":"Biological applications of X-ray fluorescence microscopy: exploring the subcellular topography and speciation of transition metals","volume":"11","author":"Fahrni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib15","first-page":"429","article-title":"Disulfiram neuropathy: a review (1971\u20131988) and report of a case","volume":"24","author":"Frisoni","year":"1989","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)33675-X","article-title":"In vivo inhibition of superoxide dismutase in mice by diethyldithiocarbamate","volume":"251","author":"Heikkila","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1997.8344","article-title":"Release of carbon disulfide is a contributing mechanism in the axonopathy produced by N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate","volume":"148","author":"Johnson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib18","series-title":"Atlas of Peripheral Nerve Pathology","author":"King","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86141-H","article-title":"Determination of carbonyl content in oxidatively modified proteins","volume":"186","author":"Levine","year":"1990","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910280208","article-title":"Proton relaxation studies of water compartmentalization in a model neurological system","volume":"28","author":"Menon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.43.100901.140229","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression mediated by the antioxidant response element","volume":"43","author":"Nguyen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26202","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.44.26202","article-title":"Dithiocarbamates induce apoptosis in thymocytes by raising the intracellular level of redox-active copper","volume":"270","author":"Nobel","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21047","article-title":"X-ray fluorescence microprobe imaging in biology and medicine","volume":"99","author":"Paunesku","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib24","first-page":"99","article-title":"Quantifying protein in 2-D PAGE solubilization buffers","volume":"112","author":"Ramagli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05291","article-title":"The roles of intracellular protein-degradation pathways in neurodegeneration","volume":"443","author":"Rubinsztein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-6031(01)00654-2","article-title":"Thermodynamics of binding copper ion by myelin basic protein","volume":"10","author":"Sabour","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thermochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020723328143","article-title":"Purification of P0 myelin glycoprotein by a Cu2+-immobilized metal affinity chromatography","volume":"24","author":"Sedzik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/59.9.786","article-title":"Disulfiram produces a non-carbon disulfide-dependent schwannopathy in the rat","volume":"59","author":"Tonkin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-008X(03)00093-0","article-title":"Parenteral N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate produces segmental demyelination in the rat that is not dependent on cysteine carbamylation","volume":"189","author":"Tonkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfh190","article-title":"N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate produces copper accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and myelin injury in rat peripheral nerve","volume":"81","author":"Tonkin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1021\/tx8003714","article-title":"Nitrogen substituent polarity influences dithiocarbamate-mediated lipid oxidation, nerve copper accumulation, and myelin injury","volume":"22","author":"Valentine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib32","first-page":"99","article-title":"Covalent modification of hemoglobin by carbon disulfide: a potential biomarker of effect","volume":"19","author":"Valentine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01932339","article-title":"Water compartments in the myelinated nerve. III. Pulsed NMR results","volume":"34","author":"Vasilescu","year":"1978","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1021\/tx6003453","article-title":"Peripheral nerve protein expression and carbonyl content in N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate myelinopathy","volume":"20","author":"Viquez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2008.01.005","article-title":"Copper accumulation and lipid oxidation precede inflammation and myelin lesions in N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate peripheral myelinopathy","volume":"229","author":"Viquez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"104","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib36","first-page":"635","article-title":"MAPS: a set of software tools for analysis and visualization of 3D X-ray fluorescence data sets","volume":"IV","author":"Vogt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10411","article-title":"Is multicomponent T2 a good measure of myelin content in peripheral nerve?","volume":"49","author":"Webb","year":"2003","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib38","first-page":"134","article-title":"Quantitative interpretation of NMR relaxation data","volume":"84","author":"Whittall","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1149744","article-title":"Nanometer focusing of hard X-rays by phase zone plates","volume":"70","author":"Yun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017_bib40","first-page":"919","article-title":"Evaluation of copper-dependent proteasome-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing activities of novel pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate analogues","volume":"20","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."}],"container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X09002178?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X09002178?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T04:39:01Z","timestamp":1633495141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041008X09002178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0041008X09002178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2009.05.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-008X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-008X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}}}