{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T08:52:25Z","timestamp":1788339145034,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,19]],"date-time":"2018-08-19T14:05:43Z","timestamp":1534687543000},"page":"36-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Measurement of elongate mineral particles: What we should measure and how do we do it?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"361","author":[{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Chatfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.10.001","article-title":"A review of carcinogenicity studies of asbestos and non-asbestos tremolite and other amphiboles","volume":"52","author":"Addison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0010","series-title":"D6281-09 - Standard Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentration in Ambient and Indoor Atmospheres as Determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy Direct Transfer (TEM)","author":"American Society for Testing and Materials","year":"2009"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0015","first-page":"1453","article-title":"Health effects of tremolite","volume":"142","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32834e897d","article-title":"Libby vermiculite exposure and risk of developing asbestos-related lung and pleural diseases","volume":"18","author":"Antao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med."},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2011.556046","article-title":"Morphological and chemical mechanisms of elongated particle toxicities","volume":"14","author":"Aust","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0030","series-title":"Final Draft. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","first-page":"1999","article-title":"Methodology for conducting risk assessments at asbestos superfund sites; part 1: protocol","author":"Berman","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0035","series-title":"Prepared for U.S. Department of Transportation and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","article-title":"Final draft: technical support document for a protocol to assess asbestos-related risk","author":"Berman","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0040","series-title":"Report on Contract No. DTRS57-01-C-10044, U.S. Department of Transportation and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","article-title":"Draft protocol to assess asbestos-related risk","author":"Berman","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0045","series-title":"Prepared for Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Report EPA9345.4\u201306, US EPA, Washington, DC","article-title":"Final draft: technical support document for a protocol to assess asbestos-related risk","author":"Berman","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.1995.tb00312.x","article-title":"The sizes, shapes and mineralogy of asbestos structures that induce lung tumors or mesothelioma in AF\/HAN rats following inhalation","volume":"15","author":"Berman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Risk Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0055","series-title":"Controversy in Occupational Medicine, Cancer Research Monograph","first-page":"335","article-title":"Retrospective cohort mortality study of underground gold mine workers","volume":"Vol. 2","author":"Brown","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0060","series-title":"U.S. Bureau of Mines Information Circular 8751","article-title":"Selected silicate minerals and their asbestiform varieties","author":"Campbell","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0065","series-title":"U.S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations Report RI 8367","article-title":"Relationship of mineral habit to size characteristics for tremolite cleavage fragments and fibers","author":"Campbell","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0070","series-title":"Dusts and Disease, Proceedings of the Conference on Occupational Exposures to Fibrous and Particulate Dust and Their Extension into the Environment","first-page":"275","article-title":"Characterization of cleavage fragments and asbestiform amphibole particulates","author":"Campbell","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0075","series-title":"U.S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations\/1980, Report RI 8452","article-title":"Chemical and physical characterization of amosite, chrysotile, crocidolite and nonfibrous tremolite for oral ingestion studies by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","author":"Campbell","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0080","first-page":"357","article-title":"On talc, tremolite and tergiversation","volume":"48","author":"Case","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0085","series-title":"The Third Wave of Asbestos Disease: Exposure to Asbestos in Place","first-page":"491","article-title":"Health effects of tremolite","volume":"643","author":"Case","year":"1991"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0090","first-page":"3","article-title":"Applying definitions of \"asbestos\" to environmental and \"low-dose\" exposure levels and health effects, particularly malignant mesothelioma. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","volume":"14","author":"Case","year":"2011","journal-title":"Part B Critic. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0095","series-title":"Advances in Environmental Measurement Methods for Asbestos, ASTM STP 1342","first-page":"156","article-title":"International Organization for Standardization methods for determination of asbestos in air","author":"Chatfield","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0100","series-title":"Presented at the ASTM Michael E. Beard Asbestos Conference 2010: Laboratory Issues, January 28\u201329","article-title":"A procedure for quantitative description of fibrosity in amphibole minerals","volume":"2010","author":"Chatfield","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0105","series-title":"Report EPA-600\/4-83-042","first-page":"30613","article-title":"Development of improved analytical techniques for determination of asbestos in water samples","author":"Chatfield","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0110","series-title":"National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 506. Proceedings of the Workshop on Asbestos: Definitions and Measurement Methods, held at NBS, Gaithersburg, MD, July 18\u201320","first-page":"121","article-title":"Epidemiologic evidence on the effect of type of asbestos and fiber dimension on the production of disease in man","volume":"1977","author":"Cooper","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/6.5.667","article-title":"Inhalation studies on the effects of tremolite and brucite dust in rats","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0120","first-page":"113","article-title":"Inhalation and injection studies in rats using dust samples from chrysotile asbestos prepared by a wet dispersion process","volume":"67","author":"Davis","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0125","series-title":"The Third Wave of Asbestos Disease: Exposure to Asbestos in Place","first-page":"473","article-title":"Variations in the carcinogenicity of tremolite dust samples of differing morphology","volume":"Vol. 643","author":"Davis","year":"1991"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e318250b5f5","article-title":"Mesothelioma Associated With Commercial Use of Vermiculite Containing Libby Amphibole","volume":"54","author":"Dunning","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med.icine: November 201"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/10773525.2016.1153866","article-title":"A commentary on Roggli's \u201cThe So-Called Short-Fiber Controversy\u201d","volume":"22","author":"Egilman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.09.020","article-title":"An evaluation of the risks of lung cancer and mesothelioma from exposure to cleavage fragments","volume":"52","author":"Gamble","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0145","series-title":"Health Effects of Mineral Dusts","first-page":"1","article-title":"Merging the geological and biological sciences: an integrated approach to the study of mineral-induced pulmonary diseases","volume":"28","author":"Guthrie","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0150","series-title":"Small Particle Statistics","first-page":"361","article-title":"Fractional extraction method","author":"Herdan","year":"1960"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0155","series-title":"International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Asbestos Minerals. Louvain 1971; Paper 4.2","article-title":"Dispersion based textiles","author":"Heron","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/1420326X04047563","article-title":"The biology of cleavage fragments: a brief synthesis and analysis of current knowledge","volume":"13","author":"Ilgren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indoor Built Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0165","series-title":"ISO 10312. Ambient air - Determination of asbestos fibres - Direct-transfer transmission electron microscopy method","author":"International Organization for Standardization","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0170","series-title":"ISO 13794. Ambient air - Determination of asbestos fibres - Indirect-transfer transmission electron microscopy method","author":"International Organization for Standardization","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/15287397809529654","article-title":"Variation of properties of chrysotile asbestos subjected to milling","volume":"4","author":"Langer","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(88)80061-6","article-title":"Asbestos exposure indices","volume":"46","author":"Lippmann","year":"1988","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0185","series-title":"Proceedings of a WHO\/IARC Conference in Association with JEMRB and TIMA, Copenhagen, 20\u201322 April 1982, Biological Effects of Man-Made Mineral Fibres","first-page":"234","article-title":"A comparative study of the fibrogenic and carcinogenic effects of UICC Canadian chrysotile B asbestos and glass microfiber (JM 100)","author":"McConnell","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0190","series-title":"American Review of Respiratory Diseases","first-page":"271","article-title":"Mortality after long exposure to cummingtonite-grunerite","volume":"118","author":"McDonald","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0195","first-page":"436","article-title":"Cohort study of mortality of vermiculite miners exposed to tremolite","volume":"43","author":"McDonald","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.2138\/am-2003-11-1239","article-title":"The composition and morphology of amphiboles from the Rainy Creek complex, near Libby, Montana","volume":"88","author":"Meeker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. Mineral."},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.10.004","article-title":"Assessment of the pathogenic potential of asbestiform vs. nonasbestiform particulates (cleavage fragments) in in vitro (cell or organ culture) models and bioassays","volume":"52","author":"Mossman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0210","first-page":"755","article-title":"Inhalation and injection experiments in rats to test the carcinogenicity of MMMF","volume":"31","author":"Muhle","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0215","unstructured":"New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 2002. Sparta township environmental asbestos study: final report of the results of air and house dust sampling. Lioy, P., Zhang, J., Freeman, N., Yiin, L., Hague, R., October 4, 2002."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0220","series-title":"Mechanisms in Fibre Carcinogenesis","first-page":"231","article-title":"Association of tremolite habit with biological potential: Preliminary report","volume":"1991","author":"Nolan","year":"1991"},{"issue":"Suppl. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0225","first-page":"245","article-title":"Lung content analysis of cases occupationally exposed to chrysotile asbestos","volume":"102","author":"Nolan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0230","series-title":"Introduction to 29 CFR Parts 1910 and 1926, Occupational exposure to asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite and actinolite","author":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0235","series-title":"Non-occupational Exposure to Mineral Fibers","first-page":"173","article-title":"Carcinogenicity studies on natural and man-made fibers with the intraperitoneal test in rats","author":"Pott","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0240","series-title":"The So-called Short-Fiber Controversy - Literature Review and Critical Analysis Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine","first-page":"1052","volume":"vol. 139","author":"Roggli","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(80)90070-5","article-title":"Characterizing and discriminating the shape of asbestos particles","volume":"23","author":"Siegrist","year":"1980","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0250","series-title":"National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 506. Proceedings of the Workshop on Asbestos: Definitions and Measurement Methods, held at NBS, Gaithersburg, Maryland, July 18\u201320, 1977","first-page":"143","article-title":"The carcinogenicity of fibrous minerals","author":"Stanton","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0255","first-page":"965","article-title":"Relation of particle dimension to carcinogenicity in amphibole asbestos and other fibrous minerals","volume":"67","author":"Stanton","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00279a049","article-title":"Accuracy of transmission electron microscopy for the analysis of asbestos in ambient environments","volume":"57","author":"Steel","year":"1985","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700270207","article-title":"Mortality study of gold miners exposed to silica and non-asbestiform amphibole minerals: An update with 14 more years of follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Steenland","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-5910(72)80032-9","article-title":"Preparation of the UICC standard reference samples of asbestos","volume":"5","author":"Timbrell","year":"1972","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0275","series-title":"Method EPA-600\/4-83-043","article-title":"Analytical method for determination of asbestos fibers in water","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0280","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0285","series-title":"Environmental Forensics, Contaminant Specific Guide","first-page":"19","article-title":"Asbestos","volume":"2006","author":"Van Orden","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1974.65","article-title":"The effects of the inhalation of asbestos in rats","volume":"29","author":"Wagner","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0295","series-title":"Proceedings of a WHO\/IARC Conference in Association with JEMRB and TIMA, Copenhagen, 20\u201322 April 1982, Biological Effects of Man-Made Mineral Fibres","first-page":"209","article-title":"Animal experiments with MMMVF effects of inhalation and intrapleural inoculation in rats","author":"Wagner","year":"1984"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20620","article-title":"Environmental exposure to Libby asbestos and mesotheliomas","volume":"51","author":"Whitehouse","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010_bb0305","series-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","first-page":"605","article-title":"Fiber length and aspect ratio of some selected asbestos samples","volume":"330","author":"Wylie","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X18303764?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X18303764?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T18:58:01Z","timestamp":1551812281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041008X18303764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["S0041008X18303764"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-008X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-008X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Measurement of elongate mineral particles: What we should measure and how do we do it?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2018.08.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}