{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T16:26:09Z","timestamp":1784046369960,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T03:41:44Z","timestamp":1600746104000},"page":"115248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Picroside II alleviates liver injury induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate through AMPK-FXR pathway"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"408","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongyao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27088","article-title":"Role of protein kinase C isoforms in bile formation and cholestasis","volume":"60","author":"Anwer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2011.03.066","article-title":"Control of nuclear receptor activities in metabolism by post-translational modifications","volume":"585","author":"Berrabah","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp094","article-title":"Compensatory induction of liver efflux transporters in response to ANIT-induced liver injury is impaired in FXR-null mice","volume":"110","author":"Cui","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1018376108","article-title":"Bile acid stimulates hepatocyte polarization through a cAMP-Epac-MEK-LKB1-AMPK pathway","volume":"108","author":"Fu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0025","first-page":"S53","article-title":"Picroside I and Picroside II from tissue cultures of Picrorhiza kurroa","volume":"9","author":"Ganeshkumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3671","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i24.3671","article-title":"Anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of liver mitochondria against injuries by picroside II","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0035","first-page":"5519","article-title":"Picroside II protects against sepsis via suppressing inflammation in mice","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0433-3","article-title":"Protective autophagy elicited by RAF\u2192MEK\u2192ERK inhibition suggests a treatment strategy for RAS-driven cancers","volume":"25","author":"Kinsey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.12.026","article-title":"FXR deficiency alters bile acid pool composition and exacerbates chronic alcohol induced liver injury","volume":"51","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2016.10.011","article-title":"UDCA and CDCA alleviate 17alpha-ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis through PKA-AMPK pathways in rats","volume":"311","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1697-8","article-title":"Role of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha1 in 17alpha-ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis in rats","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.153153","article-title":"Picroside II protects against cholestatic liver injury possibly through activation of farnesoid X receptor","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68815","article-title":"Metformin interferes with bile acid homeostasis through AMPK-FXR crosstalk","volume":"124","author":"Lien","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109494","article-title":"Picroside II, an iridoid glycoside from Picrorhiza kurroa, suppresses tumor migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"120","author":"Lou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2014-0229-RA","article-title":"Pathophysiology and diseases of the proximal pathways of the biliary system","volume":"139","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.111.038414","article-title":"Farnesoid X receptor activation by Chenodeoxycholic acid induces detoxifying enzymes through AMP-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2-mediated phosphorylation of CCAAT\/enhancer binding protein \u03b2","volume":"39","author":"Noh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7085709","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7085709","article-title":"Picroside II shows protective functions for severe acute pancreatitis in rats by preventing NF-\u03baB-dependent autophagy","volume":"2017","author":"Piao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19072040","article-title":"Implications of AMPK in the formation of epithelial tight junctions","volume":"19","author":"Rowart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600667","article-title":"Deficiency of LKB1 in skeletal muscle prevents AMPK activation and glucose uptake during contraction","volume":"24","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13344","article-title":"Finding the cure for primary biliary cholangitis - still waiting","volume":"37","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.08.049","article-title":"Target profiling analyses of bile acids in the evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of gentiopicroside on ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice","volume":"194","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24582","article-title":"Critical illness evokes elevated circulating bile acids related to altered hepatic transporter and nuclear receptor expression","volume":"54","author":"Vanwijngaerden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1418","article-title":"Identification of the link between the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and the testicular orphan nuclear receptor NR0B2 in adult male mice","volume":"156","author":"Vega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.52.615","article-title":"Antioxidative phenylethanoid and phenolic glycosides from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110625","article-title":"AMP-activated protein kinase, stress responses and cardiovascular diseases","volume":"122","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00256","article-title":"SRT1720 alleviates ANIT-induced cholestasis in a mouse model","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-016-0870-0","article-title":"Picroside II exerts a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting the mitochondria cytochrome C signal pathway following ischemia reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"61","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2018.1426596","article-title":"The influences of cholecystectomy on the circadian rhythms of bile acids as well as the enterohepatic transporters and enzymes systems in mice","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."}],"container-title":["Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X20303744?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0041008X20303744?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T20:51:38Z","timestamp":1758574298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0041008X20303744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S0041008X20303744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-008X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-008X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Picroside II alleviates liver injury induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate through AMPK-FXR pathway","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115248","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115248"}}