{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:24:08Z","timestamp":1793147048625,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["tcmonline.org","patient-research.elsevier.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]],"date-time":"2014-07-10T05:31:28Z","timestamp":1404970288000},"page":"273-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Sinus node dysfunction in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: Risk factor and potential therapeutic target?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Michela","family":"Faggioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"van der Werf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjorn C.","family":"Knollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.5.1512","article-title":"Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in children. A 7-year follow-up of 21 patients","volume":"91","author":"Leenhardt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.2.196","article-title":"Mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (hRyR2) underlie catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"103","author":"Priori","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000038886.18992.6B","article-title":"Absence of calsequestrin 2 causes severe forms of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"91","author":"Postma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvt023","article-title":"Triadin regulates cardiac muscle couplon structure and microdomain Ca(2+) signalling: a path towards ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"98","author":"Chopra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds104","article-title":"Absence of triadin, a protein of the calcium release complex, is responsible for cardiac arrhythmia with sudden death in human","volume":"21","author":"Roux-Buisson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.08.015","article-title":"Mutations in calmodulin cause ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death","volume":"91","author":"Nyegaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.872309","article-title":"Protein kinase A-dependent biophysical phenotype for V227F-KCNJ2 mutation in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"2","author":"Vega","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht452","article-title":"Calsequestrin 2 deletion causes sinoatrial node dysfunction and atrial arrhythmias associated with altered sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium cycling and degenerative fibrosis within the mouse atrial pacemaker complex","author":"Glukhov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.300076","article-title":"Accelerated sinus rhythm prevents catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in mice and in patients","volume":"112","author":"Faggioni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3440","article-title":"The ryanodine receptor store-sensing gate controls Ca2+ waves and Ca2+-triggered arrhythmias","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.023259","article-title":"Mutation-linked defective interdomain interactions within ryanodine receptor cause aberrant Ca(2)(+) release leading to catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"124","author":"Suetomi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.244970","article-title":"A novel ryanodine receptor mutation linked to sudden death increases sensitivity to cytosolic calcium","volume":"109","author":"Meli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.03.046","article-title":"Defective calmodulin binding to the cardiac ryanodine receptor plays a key role in CPVT-associated channel dysfunction","volume":"394","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.303391","article-title":"Divergent regulation of ryanodine receptor 2 calcium release channels by arrhythmogenic human calmodulin missense mutants","volume":"114","author":"Hwang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2010.06.042","article-title":"So little source, so much sink: requirements for afterdepolarizations to propagate in tissue","volume":"99","author":"Xie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.227744","article-title":"In the RyR2(R4496C) mouse model of CPVT, \u03b2-adrenergic stimulation induces Ca waves by increasing SR Ca content and not by decreasing the threshold for Ca waves","volume":"107","author":"Kashimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.4.275","article-title":"Calcium fluxes involved in control of cardiac myocyte contraction","volume":"87","author":"Bers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.028993","article-title":"Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: RYR2 mutations, bradycardia, and follow up of the patients","volume":"42","author":"Postma","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.112.970517","article-title":"Familial evaluation in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: disease penetrance and expression in cardiac ryanodine receptor mutation-carrying relatives","volume":"5","author":"van der Werf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.71.1606","article-title":"Association of atrial arrhythmia and sinus node dysfunction in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"71","author":"Sumitomo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-009-1214-6","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of pulmonary vein isolation for arrhythmic events in a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"25","author":"Sumitomo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.04.037","article-title":"A novel RyR2 mutation in a 2-year-old baby presenting with atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and atrial ectopic tachycardia","volume":"11","author":"Di Pino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000994","article-title":"Suppression of spontaneous ca elevations prevents atrial fibrillation in calsequestrin 2-null hearts","volume":"7","author":"Faggioni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3277","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57833","article-title":"Oxidized CaMKII causes cardiac sinus node dysfunction in mice","volume":"121","author":"Swaminathan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI58389","article-title":"Oxidized CaMKII: a \u201cheart stopper\u201d for the sinus node?","volume":"121","author":"Huke","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006611","article-title":"Ryanodine receptor-mediated calcium leak drives progressive development of an atrial fibrillation substrate in a transgenic mouse model","volume":"129","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.05.014","article-title":"HRS\/EHRA\/APHRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of patients with inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes: document endorsed by HRS, EHRA, and APHRS in May 2013 and by ACCF, AHA, PACES, and AEPC in June 2013","volume":"10","author":"Priori","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eup448","article-title":"High prevalence of exercise-induced arrhythmias in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia mutation-positive family members diagnosed by cascade genetic screening","volume":"12","author":"Haugaa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.11.033","article-title":"Follow-up with exercise test of effort-induced ventricular arrhythmias linked to ryanodine receptor type 2 gene mutations","volume":"109","author":"Steriotis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.829267","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of arrhythmic events in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"119","author":"Hayashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur277","article-title":"Therapeutic approach for patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: state of the art and future developments","volume":"14","author":"van der Werf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.01.026","article-title":"Flecainide therapy reduces exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"57","author":"van der Werf","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2011.02138.x","article-title":"A classic electrocardiographic manifestation of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"23","author":"Richter","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.1009","article-title":"Vagal reflexes following an exercise stress test: a simple clinical tool for gene-specific risk stratification in the long QT syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Crotti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/415198a","article-title":"Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling","volume":"415","author":"Bers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)27248-2","article-title":"Field stimulation as a means of effecting the graded release of autonomic transmitters in isolated heart muscle","volume":"151","author":"Blinks","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000170","article-title":"Efficacy of implantable cardioverter defibrillators in young patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: success depends on substrate","volume":"6","author":"Miyake","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2012.03387.x","article-title":"Cardioversion of intraatrial reentrant tachycardia using rate response","volume":"35","author":"Thomas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050173814000577?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050173814000577?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T18:43:11Z","timestamp":1746297791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050173814000577"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1050173814000577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-1738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-1738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sinus node dysfunction in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: Risk factor and potential therapeutic target?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcm.2014.07.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}