{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:10:05Z","timestamp":1790662205305,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010650","name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010650","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T21:13:27Z","timestamp":1609190007000},"page":"163-169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Viral myocarditis: 1917\u20132020: From the Influenza A to the COVID-19 pandemics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0891-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shereif H.","family":"Rezkalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Kloner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1607711","article-title":"A possible European origin of the Spanish influenza and the first attempts to reduce mortality to combat superinfecting bacteria: an opinion from a virologist and a military historian","volume":"15","author":"Oxford","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1814447","article-title":"Influenza cataclysm, 1918","volume":"379","author":"Morens","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0003","series-title":"The spanish influenza pandemic of 1918-1919: new perspectives","year":"2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2539-x","article-title":"Influenza virus-related critical illness: pathophysiology and epidemiology","volume":"23","author":"Kalil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21274","article-title":"First report on fatal myocarditis associated with adenovirus infection in Cuba","volume":"80","author":"Vald\u00e9s","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0006","first-page":"209","article-title":"Influenza-related viral myocarditis","volume":"109","author":"Rezkalla","year":"2010","journal-title":"WMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-0452","article-title":"Clinical research committee on myocarditis associated with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in Japan organized by Japanese circulation Society. A national survey on myocarditis associated with the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in Japan","volume":"74","author":"Ukimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12470","article-title":"The hidden burden of influenza: a review of the extra-pulmonary complications of influenza infection","volume":"11","author":"Sellers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-012-0085-6","article-title":"Speckle tracking echocardiography in acute myocarditis","volume":"29","author":"Hsiao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0010","first-page":"4270","article-title":"Endomyocardial biopsy in patients with acute myocarditis, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000416","article-title":"Cardiac magnetic resonance assessment of myocarditis","volume":"6","author":"Friedrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/141.3.394","article-title":"Age-dependent pathogenicity of group B coxsackieviruses in Swiss-Webster mice: infectivity for myocardium and pancreas","volume":"141","author":"Khatib","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0013","first-page":"393","article-title":"Coxsackievirus B3 murine myocarditis: deleterious effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents","volume":"107","author":"Rezkalla","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(85)80312-0","article-title":"A nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug exacerbates Coxsackie B3 murine myocarditis","volume":"6","author":"Costanzo-Nordin","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.81.3.1039","article-title":"Beneficial effects of captopril in acute coxsackievirus B3 murine myocarditis","volume":"81","author":"Rezkalla","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.65.6.1230","article-title":"An experimental model for congestive heart failure after encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in mice","volume":"65","author":"Matsumori","year":"1982","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-012-3692-z","article-title":"Lessons learned from experimental myocarditis","volume":"37","author":"Matsumori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Herz"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.04.062","article-title":"Comparison of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade for the prevention of experimental autoimmune myocarditis","volume":"125","author":"Bahk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-017-1063-9","article-title":"Clinical applications of multi-parametric CMR in myocarditis and systemic inflammatory diseases","volume":"34","author":"Lagan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049252","article-title":"COVID-19: myocardial injury in survivors","volume":"142","author":"Knight","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000000134","article-title":"Immunosuppressive treatment for myocarditis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"17","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-14-1192","article-title":"Immunosuppressive therapy in myocarditis","volume":"79","author":"Frustaci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199508033330501","article-title":"A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The myocarditis treatment trial investigators","volume":"333","author":"Mason","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2014.08.006","article-title":"Cochrane corner: corticosteroids for viral myocarditis","volume":"34","author":"Caldeira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Port Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00342","article-title":"Corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin in pediatric myocarditis: a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.45.1.481","article-title":"Inflammatory heart disease: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of myocarditis","volume":"45","author":"Olinde","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Rev Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp249","article-title":"Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study","volume":"30","author":"Frustaci","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017611","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory treatment with colchicine in acute myocardial infarction: a pilot study","volume":"132","author":"Deftereos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-317108","article-title":"Colchicine for acute and chronic coronary syndromes","volume":"106","author":"Imazio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2012.10.005","article-title":"Successful clearance of human parainfluenza virus type 2 viraemia with intravenous ribavirin and immunoglobulin in a patient with acute myocarditis","volume":"56","author":"Kalimuddin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"Suppl O","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/16.suppl_O.150","article-title":"Interferon and thymic hormones in the therapy of human myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"16","author":"Miri\u0107","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0032","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin for presumed viral myocarditis in children and adults","author":"Robinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2020.04.009","article-title":"Elevated troponin in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: possible mechanisms","volume":"26","author":"Tersalvi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2016.78","article-title":"Acute myocarditis associated with novel Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus","volume":"36","author":"Alhogbani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X20500378","article-title":"COVID-19: an update on the epidemiological, clinical, preventive and therapeutic evidence and guidelines of integrative chinese-western medicine for the management of 2019 novel coronavirus disease","volume":"48","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Chin Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-317056","article-title":"Cardiovascular manifestations and treatment considerations in COVID-19","volume":"106","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa392","article-title":"Does SARS-CoV-2 cause viral myocarditis in COVID-19 patients?","volume":"41","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.03.087","article-title":"Suspected myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19: evidence from front-line clinical observation in Wuhan, China","volume":"311","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0039","first-page":"e8426","article-title":"A review of acute myocardial injury in coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"12","author":"Anupama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-020-0791-5","article-title":"COVID-19 in the heart and the lungs: could we \"Notch\" the inflammatory storm?","volume":"115","author":"Rizzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa396","article-title":"Acute myocardial injury, MINOCA, or myocarditis? Improving characterization of coronavirus-associated myocardial involvement","volume":"41","author":"Peretto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117723","article-title":"Myocardial injury and COVID-19: possible mechanisms","volume":"253","author":"Babapoor-Farrokhran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01399-7","article-title":"Dysfunctional coagulation in COVID-19: from cell to bedside","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061683","article-title":"Acute coronary syndromes and covid-19: exploring the uncertainties","volume":"9","author":"Schiavone","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-020-04138-8","article-title":"COVID-19-driven endothelial damage: complement, HIF-1, and ABL2 are potential pathways of damage and targets for cure","volume":"99","author":"Marchetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049465","article-title":"Unexpected features of cardiac pathology in COVID-19 infection","volume":"142","author":"Fox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110015","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): gender and age influences","volume":"144","author":"Froldi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03062-7","article-title":"The vascular endothelium: the cornerstone of organ dysfunction in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"24","author":"Pons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109970","article-title":"Could the decrease in the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production and NO bioavailability be the crucial cause of COVID-19 related deaths?","volume":"144","author":"Ozdemir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-2003","article-title":"Autopsy findings and venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study","volume":"173","author":"Wichmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1828","article-title":"Myocardial localization of coronavirus in COVID-19 cardiogenic shock","volume":"22","author":"Tavazzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2020.05.003","article-title":"The cytokine storm in COVID-19: An overview of the involvement of the chemokine\/chemokine-receptor system","volume":"53","author":"Coperchini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30243-5","article-title":"Pulmonary and cardiac pathology in African American patients with COVID-19: an autopsy series from New Orleans","volume":"8","author":"Fox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(20)30144-0","article-title":"Viral presence and immunopathology in patients with lethal COVID-19: a prospective autopsy cohort study","author":"Schurink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0055","first-page":"L20","article-title":"Cardiac endotheliitis and multisystem inflammatory syndrome after COVID-19","author":"Fox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0056","article-title":"First evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in heart cells","author":"Brooks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medscape Medical News"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2020.03.001","article-title":"Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): evidence from a meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Lippi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.06.007","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of myocardial injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection","volume":"76","author":"Lala","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.0950","article-title":"Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China","volume":"5","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.04.025","article-title":"A current review of COVID-19 for the cardiovascular specialist","volume":"226","author":"Lang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.05.004","article-title":"Acute myocarditis with ventricular noncompaction in a COVID-19 patient","volume":"8","author":"Bonnet","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01424-5","article-title":"First case of COVID-19 complicated with fulminant myocarditis: a case report and insights","volume":"48","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-020-04909-z","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2: a potential novel etiology of fulminant myocarditis","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Herz"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa288","article-title":"COVID-19-related myocarditis in a 21-year-old female patient","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeaa107","article-title":"Myocarditis revealing COVID-19 infection in a young patient","volume":"21","author":"Paul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"10242","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31307-6","article-title":"Myocarditis in a 16-year-old boy positive for SARS-CoV-2","volume":"395","author":"Gnecchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa286","article-title":"Acute myocarditis presenting as a reverse Tako-Tsubo syndrome in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection","volume":"41","author":"Sala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14479","article-title":"Cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with COVID-19","volume":"31","author":"Kochi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002744","article-title":"Pediatric life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 with myocarditis","volume":"39","author":"Oberweis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14779","article-title":"Usefulness of echocardiography to detect cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients","author":"Cameli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047971","article-title":"Spectrum of cardiac manifestations in COVID-19: a systematic echocardiographic study","volume":"142","author":"Szekely","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.08.068","article-title":"Cardiac injury in COVID-19-echoing prognostication","volume":"76","author":"Lavie","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000745","article-title":"Recognition and initial management of fulminant myocarditis: a scientific statement from the American heart association","volume":"141","author":"Kociol","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.05.004","article-title":"Cardiac involvement in patients recovered from COVID-2019 identified using magnetic resonance imaging","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006967","article-title":"American heart association COVID-19 CVD registry powered by get with the guidelines","volume":"13","author":"Alger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2020.05.060","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 fulminant myocarditis","volume":"2","author":"Garot","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2020.05.020","article-title":"A case of novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced viral myocarditis mimicking a Takotsubo cardiomyopathy","volume":"6","author":"Khalid","year":"2020","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.08.013","article-title":"Coronavirus-induced myocarditis: A meta-summary of cases","volume":"49","author":"Ho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"issue":"6515","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabd4585","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd4585","article-title":"Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19","volume":"370","author":"Bastard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0080","first-page":"30497","article-title":"Systematic review of COVID-19 related myocarditis: insights on management and outcome [published online ahead of print, 2020 Aug 18]","volume":"S1553-8389","author":"Sawalha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Revasc Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317055","article-title":"COVID-19 and the heart","volume":"126","author":"Akhmerov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.040","article-title":"Ramipril in high-risk patients with COVID-19","volume":"76","author":"Amat-Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr2005760","article-title":"Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19","volume":"382","author":"Vaduganathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15323","article-title":"Prior beta-blocker therapy for hypertension and sex-based differences in heart failure among patients with incident coronary heart disease","volume":"76","author":"Bugiardini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.001","article-title":"Recognizing COVID-19-related myocarditis: the possible pathophysiology and proposed guideline for diagnosis and management","volume":"17","author":"Siripanthong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048476","article-title":"Association of hydroxychloroquine with QTc interval in patients with COVID-19","author":"Mazzanti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0087","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death in COVID-19 patients, a report of three cases","author":"Shirazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0088","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Elavarasi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0089","series-title":"The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with COVID-19","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.004","article-title":"COVID-19 illness and heart failure: a missing link?","volume":"8","author":"Mehra","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0091","article-title":"Association between administration of systemic corticosteroids and mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis","author":"Sterne","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0092","article-title":"Relation of statin use prior to admission to severity and recovery among COVID-19 inpatients","volume":"S0002-9149","author":"Daniels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa172","article-title":"Use of statins in patients with COVID-19","volume":"113","author":"Kow","year":"2020","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03154-4","article-title":"Atorvastatin associated with decreased hazard for death in COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Rodriguez-Nava","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0095","article-title":"Association between antecedent statin use and decreased mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res Sq [Preprint]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0096","first-page":"1","article-title":"Protective effects of CVD and DM medications in SARS-CoV-2 infection","author":"Bangi","year":"2020","journal-title":"SN Compr Clin Med"},{"issue":"7821","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2571-7","article-title":"Potent neutralizing antibodies against multiple epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 spike","volume":"584","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021372","article-title":"Colchicine in Patients with Chronic Coronary Disease","volume":"383","author":"Nidorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050173820301687?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050173820301687?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T04:59:50Z","timestamp":1760936390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050173820301687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1050173820301687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-1738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-1738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Viral myocarditis: 1917\u20132020: From the Influenza A to the COVID-19 pandemics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcm.2020.12.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}