{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:00:25Z","timestamp":1791907225308,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","cell.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","bmn.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,18]],"date-time":"2015-12-18T07:21:52Z","timestamp":1450423312000},"page":"84-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":489,"title":["The Role of Cholesterol in the Pathogenesis of NASH"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"George N.","family":"Ioannou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.04.001","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, and American College of Gastroenterology","volume":"142","author":"Chalasani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20466","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity","volume":"40","author":"Browning","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.09.038","article-title":"Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis among a largely middle-aged population utilizing ultrasound and liver biopsy: a prospective study","volume":"140","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.07.056","article-title":"Trends in burden of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma by underlying liver disease in US veterans, 2001-2013","volume":"149","author":"Beste","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22435","article-title":"Excellent posttransplant survival for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Afzali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Liver Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70506-8","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity","volume":"116","author":"Matteoni","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.34168","article-title":"Expanding the natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: from cryptogenic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"123","author":"Bugianesi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0545","first-page":"S5","article-title":"The epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults","volume":"40","author":"Clark","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.149","article-title":"From NAFLD to NASH to cirrhosis\u2013new insights into disease mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Wree","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23719","article-title":"Hepatic lipotoxicity and the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the central role of nontriglyceride fatty acid metabolites","volume":"52","author":"Neuschwander-Tetri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21655","article-title":"Inhibiting triglyceride synthesis improves hepatic steatosis but exacerbates liver damage and fibrosis in obese mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"45","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2010.01.046","article-title":"Intrahepatic cholesterol influences progression, inhibition and reversal of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in hyperlipidemic mice","volume":"584","author":"Wouters","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-071812-161230","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids, hepatic lipid metabolism, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"33","author":"Scorletti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2012.11.002","article-title":"Cholesterol metabolism and the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"52","author":"Musso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.05.015","article-title":"Recent insights on the role of cholesterol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"1852","author":"Arguello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12159","article-title":"Lysosomal cholesterol accumulation: driver on the road to inflammation during atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"15","author":"Hendrikx","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16381","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113359108","article-title":"Cellular mechanism of insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"108","author":"Kumashiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.07.006","article-title":"Ceramides \u2013 lipotoxic inducers of metabolic disorders","volume":"26","author":"Chaurasia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0216452","article-title":"Consequences of cellular cholesterol accumulation: basic concepts and physiological implications","volume":"110","author":"Tabas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11437","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1410741111","article-title":"Comparative proteomic study reveals 17beta-HSD13 as a pathogenic protein in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"111","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2011.04.002","article-title":"Expanding roles for lipid droplets","volume":"22","author":"Greenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI46069","article-title":"The role of lipid droplets in metabolic disease in rodents and humans","volume":"121","author":"Greenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44507","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M207712200","article-title":"The surface of lipid droplets is a phospholipid monolayer with a unique fatty acid composition","volume":"277","author":"Tauchi-Sato","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3699","article-title":"The biophysics and cell biology of lipid droplets","volume":"14","author":"Thiam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4067","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.104943","article-title":"Perilipin family members preferentially sequester to either triacylglycerol-specific or cholesteryl-ester-specific intracellular lipid storage droplets","volume":"125","author":"Hsieh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2009.035","article-title":"Central nervous system: cholesterol turnover, brain development and neurodegeneration","volume":"390","author":"Dietschy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.10.008","article-title":"Switch-like control of SREBP-2 transport triggered by small changes in ER cholesterol: a delicate balance","volume":"8","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209525200","article-title":"The farnesoid X-receptor is an essential regulator of cholesterol homeostasis","volume":"278","author":"Lambert","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.04.004","article-title":"Increased hepatic synthesis and dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism is associated with the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"15","author":"Min","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.05.037","article-title":"Cholesterol synthesis is increased and absorption decreased in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of obesity","volume":"54","author":"Simonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.12.016","article-title":"Enhanced free cholesterol SREBP-2 and StAR expression in human NASH","volume":"50","author":"Caballero","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25789","article-title":"Synergistic interaction of dietary cholesterol and dietary fat in inducing experimental steatohepatitis","volume":"57","author":"Savard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M016246","article-title":"Dietary cholesterol exacerbates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in obese LDL receptor-deficient mice","volume":"52","author":"Subramanian","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.06.040","article-title":"Hepatic free cholesterol accumulates in obese, diabetic mice and causes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"141","author":"Van Rooyen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22941","article-title":"Association between dietary nutrient composition and the incidence of cirrhosis or liver cancer in the United States population","volume":"50","author":"Ioannou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M034876","article-title":"Hepatic cholesterol crystals and crown-like structures distinguish NASH from simple steatosis","volume":"54","author":"Ioannou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M053785","article-title":"Cholesterol-lowering drugs cause dissolution of cholesterol crystals and disperse Kupffer cell crown-like structures during resolution of NASH","volume":"56","author":"Ioannou","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.01.045","article-title":"Ezetimibe improves high fat and cholesterol diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice","volume":"584","author":"Zheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2010.00644.x","article-title":"Efficacy of ezetimibe for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: an open-label, pilot study","volume":"40","author":"Yoneda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21763","article-title":"A lipidomic analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"46","author":"Puri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50132","article-title":"Dietary habits and their relations to insulin resistance and postprandial lipemia in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"37","author":"Musso","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520802588133","article-title":"Nutritional investigation of non-obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the significance of dietary cholesterol","volume":"44","author":"Yasutake","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.006","article-title":"Statin use and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in at risk individuals","volume":"63","author":"Dongiovanni","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61272-X","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of long-term statin treatment for cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease and abnormal liver tests in the Greek Atorvastatin and Coronary Heart Disease Evaluation (GREACE) Study: a post-hoc analysis","volume":"376","author":"Athyros","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X104696","article-title":"Effect of multifactorial treatment on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in metabolic syndrome: a randomised study","volume":"22","author":"Athyros","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.299","article-title":"Atorvastatin and antioxidants for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the St Francis Heart Study randomized clinical trial","volume":"106","author":"Foster","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31819c392e","article-title":"A pilot study using simvastatin in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Nelson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-010-0291-8","article-title":"Efficacy of long-term ezetimibe therapy in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"46","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1765","article-title":"Effect of ezetimibe on hepatic fat, inflammatory markers, and apolipoprotein B-100 kinetics in insulin-resistant obese subjects on a weight loss diet","volume":"33","author":"Chan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-3149-9","article-title":"The effects of ezetimibe on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and glucose metabolism: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"57","author":"Takeshita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27647","article-title":"Ezetimibe for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: assessment by novel MRI and MRE in a randomized trial (MOZART Trial)","volume":"61","author":"Loomba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.257","article-title":"Genetic variation in PNPLA3 confers susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"40","author":"Romeo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23768","article-title":"PNPLA3 variants specifically confer increased risk for histologic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease but not metabolic disease","volume":"52","author":"Speliotes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23759","article-title":"The association of genetic variability in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) with histological severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"52","author":"Rotman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.07.030","article-title":"Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) I148M (rs738409) affects hepatic VLDL secretion in humans and in vitro","volume":"57","author":"Pirazzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37085","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.290114","article-title":"Expression and characterization of a PNPLA3 protein isoform (I148M) associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"286","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27490","article-title":"Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 gene variant disentangles nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from cardiovascular disease","volume":"61","author":"Dongiovanni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.301101","article-title":"A novel APOB mutation identified by exome sequencing cosegregates with steatosis, liver cancer, and hypocholesterolemia","volume":"33","author":"Cefalu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.07.057","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies variants associated with histologic features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"139","author":"Chalasani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501365","article-title":"A Phase 3 trial of sebelipase alfa in lysosomal acid lipase deficiency","volume":"373","author":"Burton","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2010.02.010","article-title":"Cholesterol and peroxidized cardiolipin in mitochondrial membrane properties, permeabilization and cell death","volume":"1797","author":"Montero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.07.006","article-title":"Mitochondrial free cholesterol loading sensitizes to TNF- and Fas-mediated steatohepatitis","volume":"4","author":"Mari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17809","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.180893","article-title":"Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase null mice are protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in a gender-specific manner through multiple pathways","volume":"286","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20755","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.340919","article-title":"Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency protects against cholesterol-induced hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice","volume":"287","author":"Hager","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20140026","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress does not contribute to steatohepatitis in obese and insulin-resistant high-fat-diet-fed foz\/foz mice","volume":"127","author":"Legry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R003582","article-title":"Proteomic insights into an expanded cellular role for cytoplasmic lipid droplets","volume":"51","author":"Hodges","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4137\/LPI.S11128","article-title":"Lipid droplets as signaling platforms linking metabolic and cellular functions","volume":"7","author":"Arrese","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lipid Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3793","article-title":"Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity","volume":"15","author":"Tall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11041","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.20.11041","article-title":"A proteolytic pathway that controls the cholesterol content of membranes, cells, and blood","volume":"96","author":"Brown","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.179564","article-title":"The LDL receptor","volume":"29","author":"Goldstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vas. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49982","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209649200","article-title":"Scavenger receptors class A-I\/II and CD36 are the principal receptors responsible for the uptake of modified low density lipoprotein leading to lipid loading in macrophages","volume":"277","author":"Kunjathoor","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)32516-5","article-title":"Lysosomal lipid accumulation from oxidized low density lipoprotein is correlated with hypertrophy of the Golgi apparatus and trans-Golgi network","volume":"39","author":"Jerome","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.2.177","article-title":"Uptake of oxidized LDL by macrophages results in partial lysosomal enzyme inactivation and relocation","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vas. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25660","article-title":"Specific immunization strategies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein: a novel way to reduce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice","volume":"56","author":"Bieghs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12170","article-title":"Trapping of oxidized LDL in lysosomes of Kupffer cells is a trigger for hepatic inflammation","volume":"33","author":"Bieghs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.02.051","article-title":"Role of scavenger receptor A and CD36 in diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in hyperlipidemic mice","volume":"138","author":"Bieghs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034378","article-title":"Internalization of modified lipids by CD36 and SR-A leads to hepatic inflammation and lysosomal cholesterol storage in Kupffer cells","volume":"7","author":"Bieghs","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.09.062","article-title":"The cholesterol derivative 27-hydroxycholesterol reduces steatohepatitis in mice","volume":"144","author":"Bieghs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M000257","article-title":"Cyclodextrin overcomes the transport defect in nearly every organ of NPC1 mice leading to excretion of sequestered cholesterol as bile acid","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02025.x","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the metabolic syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular disease: the plot thickens","volume":"24","author":"Targher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1021\/ja511642t","article-title":"Formation of 3D cholesterol crystals from 2D nucleation sites in lipid bilayer membranes: implications for atherosclerosis","volume":"137","author":"Varsano","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00907-7","article-title":"Hepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"125","author":"Feldstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21223","article-title":"In vivo assessment of liver cell apoptosis as a novel biomarker of disease severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"44","author":"Wieckowska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4932","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E09-07-0559","article-title":"Macrophages create an acidic extracellular hydrolytic compartment to digest aggregated lipoproteins","volume":"20","author":"Haka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.45","article-title":"Caspase-1-mediated regulation of fibrogenesis in diet-induced steatohepatitis","volume":"92","author":"Dixon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56100","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056100","article-title":"Caspase-1 as a central regulator of high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"8","author":"Dixon","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26592","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation results in hepatocyte pyroptosis, liver inflammation, and fibrosis in mice","volume":"59","author":"Wree","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2015.06.012","article-title":"Inflammasome activation in the liver: focus on alcoholic and non\u2013alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"39","author":"Szabo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Hepatol. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08938","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals","volume":"464","author":"Duewell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11765","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011765","article-title":"Cholesterol crystals activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in human macrophages: a novel link between cholesterol metabolism and inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Rajamaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9035","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0803933105","article-title":"The Nalp3 inflammasome is essential for the development of silicosis","volume":"105","author":"Cassel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.040","article-title":"The inflammasomes","volume":"140","author":"Schroder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01044.x","article-title":"Caspase-1-induced pyroptotic cell death","volume":"243","author":"Miao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2070","article-title":"Pyroptosis: host cell death and inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Bergsbaken","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1300575","article-title":"Fibrosis\u2013a common pathway to organ injury and failure","volume":"372","author":"Rockey","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1550060","article-title":"Emerging and disease-specific mechanisms of hepatic stellate cell activation","volume":"35","author":"Wallace","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.09.049","article-title":"A high-cholesterol diet exacerbates liver fibrosis in mice via accumulation of free cholesterol in hepatic stellate cells","volume":"142","author":"Teratani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26604","article-title":"Free cholesterol accumulation in hepatic stellate cells: mechanism of liver fibrosis aggravation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice","volume":"59","author":"Tomita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.015610","article-title":"Effect of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 polymorphism on liver disease, glucose homeostasis, and postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"94","author":"Musso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.93","article-title":"Curcumin eliminates oxidized LDL roles in activating hepatic stellate cells by suppressing gene expression of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1","volume":"89","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008_bib1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.03.018","article-title":"Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 mediates liver fibrosis by regulating free cholesterol accumulation in hepatic stellate cells","volume":"61","author":"Tomita","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."}],"container-title":["Trends in Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043276015002337?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043276015002337?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T16:25:54Z","timestamp":1653841554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1043276015002337"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":101,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1043276015002337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-2760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-2760","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Role of Cholesterol in the Pathogenesis of NASH","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2015.11.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}