{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:19:59Z","timestamp":1791821999001,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,5]],"date-time":"2027-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1799107200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":369,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK133283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK133283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RR180014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RR180014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP200197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP200197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP230261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP230261"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP240183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP240183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM142654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM142654"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmn.com","cell.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T08:10:50Z","timestamp":1747123850000},"page":"55-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["TREM2-expressing macrophages in liver diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5250-1494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2021.00178","article-title":"Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD): A multi-systemic disease beyond the liver","volume":"10","author":"Kaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2023.101133","article-title":"A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature","volume":"29","author":"Rinella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.01.009","article-title":"Modeling the health and economic impact of pharmacologic therapies for MASLD in the United States","author":"Wallace","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ITC1","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-24-02933","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"178","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.070535","article-title":"Cardiovascular-liver-metabolic health: recommendations in screening, diagnosis, and management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in cardiovascular disease via modified Delphi approach","volume":"151","author":"Chew","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.05.022","article-title":"Burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Asia, the Middle East and North Africa: data from Global Burden of Disease 2009-2019","volume":"75","author":"Golabi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0040","article-title":"Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Younossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.05.003","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming in liver fibrosis","volume":"36","author":"Horn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0082-x","article-title":"The role of macrophages in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"16","author":"Kazankov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.038","article-title":"An integrated view of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic targets for the treatment of NASH","volume":"79","author":"Tacke","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2019.07.028","article-title":"Landscape of intercellular crosstalk in healthy and NASH liver revealed by single-cell secretome gene analysis","volume":"75","author":"Xiong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.11","article-title":"Liver macrophages in tissue homeostasis and disease","volume":"17","author":"Krenkel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.08.024","article-title":"Combination of mass cytometry and imaging analysis reveals origin, location, and functional repopulation of liver myeloid cells in mice","volume":"151","author":"David","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.08.002","article-title":"Liver macrophages in health and disease","volume":"55","author":"Guilliams","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13989","article-title":"Tissue-resident macrophages originate from yolk-sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors","volume":"518","author":"Gomez Perdiguero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf4238","article-title":"Specification of tissue-resident macrophages during organogenesis","volume":"353","author":"Mass","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.04.004","article-title":"Tissue-resident macrophages self-maintain locally throughout adult life with minimal contribution from circulating monocytes","volume":"38","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.12.001","article-title":"Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis","volume":"38","author":"Yona","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0100","article-title":"CLEC4F is an inducible C-type lectin in F4\/80-positive cells and is involved in alpha-galactosylceramide presentation in liver","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.09.002","article-title":"Liver-derived signals sequentially reprogram myeloid enhancers to initiate and maintain Kupffer cell identity","volume":"51","author":"Sakai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.07.004","article-title":"The transcription factor ZEB2 is required to maintain the tissue-specific identities of macrophages","volume":"49","author":"Scott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0115","article-title":"Understanding the complex macrophage landscape in MASLD","volume":"6","author":"De Ponti","year":"2024","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108626","article-title":"Dynamic shifts in the composition of resident and recruited macrophages influence tissue remodeling in NASH","volume":"34","author":"Daemen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22950","article-title":"Hepatic recruitment of the inflammatory Gr1+ monocyte subset upon liver injury promotes hepatic fibrosis","volume":"50","author":"Karlmark","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22952","article-title":"CCR2 promotes hepatic fibrosis in mice","volume":"50","author":"Seki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001578","article-title":"Impact of tissue macrophage proliferation on peripheral and systemic insulin resistance in obese mice with diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Morita","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-019-0044-9","article-title":"Liver macrophages regulate systemic metabolism through non-inflammatory factors","volume":"1","author":"Morgantini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.04.001","article-title":"Niche-specific reprogramming of epigenetic landscapes drives myeloid cell diversity in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"52","author":"Seidman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.08.004","article-title":"Osteopontin expression identifies a subset of recruited macrophages distinct from Kupffer cells in the fatty liver","volume":"53","author":"Remmerie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.06.003","article-title":"Impaired Kupffer cell self-renewal alters the liver response to lipid overload during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"53","author":"Tran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.054","article-title":"Lipid-associated macrophages control metabolic homeostasis in a Trem2-dependent manner","volume":"178","author":"Jaitin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI135197","article-title":"TREM2 sustains macrophage-hepatocyte metabolic coordination in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and sepsis","volume":"131","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2405746121","article-title":"Lipid-associated macrophages' promotion of fibrosis resolution during MASH regression requires TREM2","volume":"121","author":"Ganguly","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1631-3","article-title":"Resolving the fibrotic niche of human liver cirrhosis at single-cell level","volume":"575","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.10.003","article-title":"Landscape and dynamics of single immune cells in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"179","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.12.018","article-title":"Spatial proteogenomics reveals distinct and evolutionarily conserved hepatic macrophage niches","volume":"185","author":"Guilliams","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.add8945","article-title":"Identification of a broadly fibrogenic macrophage subset induced by type 3 inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Fabre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.11.013","article-title":"Prolonged hypernutrition impairs TREM2-dependent efferocytosis to license chronic liver inflammation and NASH development","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.07.018","article-title":"A liver capsular network of monocyte-derived macrophages restricts hepatic dissemination of intraperitoneal bacteria by neutrophil recruitment","volume":"47","author":"Sierro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.003","article-title":"The physiology, pathology, and potential therapeutic applications of the TREM2 signaling pathway","volume":"181","author":"Deczkowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-023-00837-1","article-title":"The biology of TREM receptors","volume":"23","author":"Colonna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319227","article-title":"TREM-2 defends the liver against hepatocellular carcinoma through multifactorial protective mechanisms","volume":"70","author":"Esparza-Baquer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314107","article-title":"Non-parenchymal TREM-2 protects the liver from immune-mediated hepatocellular damage","volume":"68","author":"Perugorria","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-018-0115-x","article-title":"TREM2 acts as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the PI3K\/Akt\/beta-catenin pathway","volume":"8","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0072-1","article-title":"TREM2 - a key player in microglial biology and Alzheimer disease","volume":"14","author":"Ulland","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201707673","article-title":"TREM2 shedding by cleavage at the H157-S158 bond is accelerated for the Alzheimer's disease-associated H157Y variant","volume":"9","author":"Thornton","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.09.034","article-title":"ADAM17 is the main sheddase for the generation of human triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells (hTREM2) ectodomain and cleaves TREM2 after histidine 157","volume":"660","author":"Feuerbach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201707672","article-title":"An Alzheimer-associated TREM2 variant occurs at the ADAM cleavage site and affects shedding and phagocytic function","volume":"9","author":"Schlepckow","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33027","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.517540","article-title":"Sequential proteolytic processing of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) protein by ectodomain shedding and gamma-secretase-dependent intramembranous cleavage","volume":"288","author":"Wunderlich","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201911227","article-title":"Enhancing protective microglial activities with a dual function TREM2 antibody to the stalk region","volume":"12","author":"Schlepckow","year":"2020","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2017.04.004","article-title":"TREM2-ligand interactions in health and disease","volume":"429","author":"Kober","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.06.015","article-title":"TREM2 binds to apolipoproteins, including APOE and CLU\/APOJ, and thereby facilitates uptake of amyloid-beta by microglia","volume":"91","author":"Yeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030341","article-title":"TREM2 regulates the removal of apoptotic cells and inflammatory processes during the progression of NAFLD","volume":"12","author":"Liebold","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adk1866","article-title":"Hepatic danger signaling triggers TREM2(+) macrophage induction and drives steatohepatitis via MS4A7-dependent inflammasome activation","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.155911","article-title":"Myeloid Trem2 ameliorates the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by regulating macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation resolution","volume":"155","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211103","article-title":"Variant of TREM2 associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"368","author":"Jonsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211851","article-title":"TREM2 variants in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"368","author":"Guerreiro","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.104688","article-title":"Regulation of TREM2 expression by transcription factor YY1 and its protective effect against Alzheimer's disease","volume":"299","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02227-y","article-title":"Nrf2 regulates the arginase 1(+) microglia phenotype through the initiation of TREM2 transcription, ameliorating depression-like behavior in mice","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.01.049","article-title":"TREM2 lipid sensing sustains the microglial response in an Alzheimer's disease model","volume":"160","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0310","article-title":"Trem-2 promotes emergence of restorative macrophages and endothelial cells during recovery from hepatic tissue damage","volume":"11","author":"Coelho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2024.164","article-title":"Roles of TREM2 in the pathological mechanism and the therapeutic strategies of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2023.03.002","article-title":"The multifaceted roles of macrophages in NAFLD pathogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Vonderlin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.06.004","article-title":"Soluble TREM2 levels reflect the recruitment and expansion of TREM2(+) macrophages that localize to fibrotic areas and limit NASH","volume":"77","author":"Hendrikx","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.2337\/db20-0572","article-title":"Beneficial metabolic effects of TREM2 in obesity are uncoupled from its expression on macrophages","volume":"70","author":"Sharif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2024.149245","article-title":"Novel insights into the role of TREM2 in cerebrovascular diseases","volume":"1846","author":"Awuah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.05.044","article-title":"TREM-2 plays a protective role in cholestasis by acting as a negative regulator of inflammation","volume":"77","author":"Labiano","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6348","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076348","article-title":"Myeloid Trem2 dynamically regulates the induction and resolution of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury inflammation","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112926","article-title":"Both TREM2-dependent macrophages and Kupffer cells play a protective role in APAP-induced acute liver injury","volume":"141","author":"Chao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-2050-9","article-title":"TREM2 regulates obesity-induced insulin resistance via adipose tissue remodeling in mice of high-fat feeding","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4485","DOI":"10.1113\/JP283684","article-title":"Exon 2-mediated deletion of Trem2 does not worsen metabolic function in diet-induced obese mice","volume":"600","author":"Winn","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16417","article-title":"Effect of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2-associated alterations on lipid metabolism in macrophages in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"39","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2007.11.004","article-title":"Regulation of TREM expression in hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells during acute endotoxemia","volume":"84","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30334","article-title":"DNAX activating protein of 12 kDa\/triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 expression by mouse and human liver dendritic cells: Functional implications and regulation of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"70","author":"Nakao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.004","article-title":"TREM2 protects against inflammation by regulating the release of mito-DAMPs from hepatocytes during liver fibrosis","volume":"220","author":"Shan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-022-00966-y","article-title":"Type I interferon signaling facilitates resolution of acute liver injury by priming macrophage polarization","volume":"20","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.07.017","article-title":"Therapy-induced evolution of human lung cancer revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing","volume":"182","author":"Maynard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.02.021","article-title":"Tissue-resident FOLR2(+) macrophages associate with CD8(+) T cell infiltration in human breast cancer","volume":"185","author":"Nalio Ramos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.05.001","article-title":"Distinct roles of TREM2 in central nervous system cancers and peripheral cancers","volume":"42","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.02.013","article-title":"Immune phenotypic linkage between colorectal cancer and liver metastasis","volume":"40","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5084","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18546-x","article-title":"A gene expression signature of TREM2(hi) macrophages and gammadelta T cells predicts immunotherapy response","volume":"11","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.038","article-title":"Single-cell protein activity analysis identifies recurrence-associated renal tumor macrophages","volume":"184","author":"Obradovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202000935","article-title":"Pancreatic cancer is marked by complement-high blood monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages","volume":"4","author":"Kemp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci. Alliance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.032","article-title":"Coupled scRNA-seq and intracellular protein activity reveal an immunosuppressive role of TREM2 in cancer","volume":"182","author":"Katzenelenbogen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.07.013","article-title":"TREM2 modulation remodels the tumor myeloid landscape enhancing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy","volume":"182","author":"Molgora","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109844","article-title":"Targeting TREM2 on tumor-associated macrophages enhances immunotherapy","volume":"37","author":"Binnewies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.040","article-title":"Onco-fetal reprogramming of endothelial cells drives immunosuppressive macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"183","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-024-01199-x","article-title":"Lipid droplet accumulation mediates macrophage survival and Treg recruitment via the CCL20\/CCR6 axis in human hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.02.032","article-title":"TREM2(+) macrophages suppress CD8(+) T-cell infiltration after transarterial chemoembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"79","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.95971","article-title":"Single cell analyses reveal the PD-1 blockade response-related immune features in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42505-x","article-title":"Soluble TREM2 ameliorates tau phosphorylation and cognitive deficits through activating transgelin-2 in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2021.06.010","article-title":"Selection and structural characterization of anti-TREM2 scFvs that reduce levels of shed ectodomain","volume":"29","author":"Szykowska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0319-3","article-title":"TREM2 brain transcript-specific studies in AD and TREM2 mutation carriers","volume":"14","author":"Del-Aguila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201506123","article-title":"sTREM2 cerebrospinal fluid levels are a potential biomarker for microglia activity in early-stage Alzheimer's disease and associate with neuronal injury markers","volume":"8","author":"Suarez-Calvet","year":"2016","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn217","article-title":"Identification of soluble TREM-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid and its association with multiple sclerosis and CNS inflammation","volume":"131","author":"Piccio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000265","article-title":"sTREM2 is a plasma biomarker for human NASH and promotes hepatocyte lipid accumulation","volume":"7","author":"Kothari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-023-00775-1","article-title":"A proteo-transcriptomic map of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease signatures","volume":"5","author":"Govaere","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32620","article-title":"Circulating TREM2 as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for NASH in patients with elevated liver stiffness","volume":"77","author":"Indira Chandran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043276025000840?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043276025000840?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T16:16:57Z","timestamp":1767629817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1043276025000840"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1043276025000840"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-2760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-2760","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"TREM2-expressing macrophages in liver diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2025.04.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}