{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:33:55Z","timestamp":1782484435876,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T03:43:32Z","timestamp":1697600612000},"page":"102249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["TNF-\u03b1 blockage by etanercept restores spatial learning and reduces cellular degeneration in the hippocampus during liver cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Rehab","family":"Nady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha R.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Moustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal","family":"Abdul-Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/01913123.2016.1256361","article-title":"The antifibrogenic effect of etanercept on development of liver cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide in rats","volume":"41","author":"Abdul-Hamid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrastruct. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2014.06.004","article-title":"Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy: Role of ammonia and systemic inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Aldridge","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-008-9067-1","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effect of infliximab, an anti-TNF-\u03b1 agent, on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis","volume":"31","author":"Bah\u00e7ec\u0131o\u011flu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.01.008","article-title":"Chronic hyperammonemia induces peripheral inflammation that leads to cognitive impairment in rats: Reversed by anti-TNF-\u03b1 treatment","volume":"73","author":"Balzano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-23","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 protein synthesis inhibitor restores neuronal function and reverses cognitive deficits induced by chronic neuroinflammation","volume":"9","author":"Belarbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib6","first-page":"349","article-title":"Effect of chronic alcoholism on the human hippocampus","volume":"5","author":"Bengochea","year":"1990","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0351127","article-title":"Chronic microglial activation and progressive dopaminergic neurotoxicity","volume":"35","author":"Block","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Soc. Trans."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i18.2221","article-title":"Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis treated with current standards of care","volume":"26","author":"Bohra","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib9","article-title":"Morris water maze test for learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice","volume":"53","author":"Bromley-Brits","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-007-9072-3","article-title":"Neuronal cell death in hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"22","author":"Butterworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.99","article-title":"The liver\u2013brain axis in liver failure: neuroinflammation and encephalopathy","volume":"10","author":"Butterworth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-1017-0","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis: pathology and pathophysiology","volume":"79","author":"Butterworth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01709.x","article-title":"Cytokines in the pathogenesis of fatty liver and disease progression to steatohepatitis: Implications for treatment","volume":"103","author":"Carter-Kent","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/620837","article-title":"Etanercept attenuates traumatic brain injury in rats by reducing brain TNF-\u03b1 contents and by stimulating newly formed neurogenesis","volume":"2013","author":"Cheong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3390\/biom6020016","article-title":"Central role of glutamate metabolism in the maintenance of nitrogen homeostasis in normal and hyperammonemic brain","volume":"6","author":"Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00181-7","article-title":"The development of low-grade cerebral edema in cirrhosis is supported by the evolution of 1H-magnetic resonance abnormalities after liver transplantation","volume":"35","author":"C\u00f3rdoba","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0710-8","article-title":"Infliximab reduces peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation, and extracellular GABA in the cerebellum and improves learning and motor coordination in rats with hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"13","author":"Dadsetan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib18","first-page":"474","article-title":"Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 on fluid-phase permeability and ammonia diffusion in CNS-derived endothelial cells","volume":"44","author":"Duchini","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Invest. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06520.x","article-title":"Chronic hyperammonemia induces tonic activation of NMDA receptors in cerebellum","volume":"112","author":"ElMlili","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20565","article-title":"Oral administration of sildenafil restores learning ability in rats with hyperammonemia and with portacaval shunts","volume":"41","author":"Erceg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3587","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: Effects of liver failure on brain function","volume":"14","author":"Felipo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/gox013","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"5","author":"Ferenci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01173.x","article-title":"Altered CD38 expression in thioacetamide-induced rat model of liver cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Gan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27978-x","article-title":"Learning and memory impairments in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy are associated with structural and functional connectivity alterations in hippocampus","volume":"8","author":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1021\/cn400168y","article-title":"Pregnenolone sulfate restores the glutamate-nitric-oxide-cGMP pathway and extracellular GABA in cerebellum and learning and motor coordination in hyperammonemic rats","volume":"5","author":"Gonzalez-Usano","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"issue":"107\u2013108","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib26","first-page":"943","article-title":"The relation between pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy and serum cytokine levels: What is the role of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1?","volume":"58","author":"Goral","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepato-Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1997","article-title":"Microglia: Active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain","volume":"10","author":"Hanisch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00366-6","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"8","author":"H\u00e4ussinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0420-7","article-title":"Sildenafil reduces neuroinflammation and restores spatial learning in rats with hepatic encephalopathy: underlying mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rabaza","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0505-y","article-title":"Hyperammonemia induces glial activation, neuroinflammation and alters neurotransmitter receptors in hippocampus, impairing spatial learning: Reversal by sulforaphane","volume":"13","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rabaza","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2006.00936.x","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 levels in hepatitis B virus-related chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis and its relationship to Knodell and Child-Pugh scores","volume":"60","author":"Kiki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.11938.1","article-title":"Recent advances in hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"6","author":"Liere","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v11.i2.173","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: Lessons from preclinical studies","volume":"11","author":"Lima","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.578922","article-title":"Disturbance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle, secondary to hepatic damage, compromises memory function","volume":"15","author":"Lim\u00f3n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-019-00457-6","article-title":"Hippocampal atrophy and functional connectivity disruption in cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10020140","article-title":"The pharmabiotic approach to treat hyperammonemia","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11815","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i41.11815","article-title":"Inflammation: a novel target of current therapies for hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00692797","article-title":"Electron microscopy in human hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"11","author":"Martinez","year":"1968","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-5-45","article-title":"TNF signaling inhibition in the CNS: implications for normal brain function and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"5","author":"McCoy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2007.10.019","article-title":"Spatial memory alterations in three models of hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"188","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E92","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12227","article-title":"Prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy and quality of life in patients with decompensated cirrhosis","volume":"44","author":"Mina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.08.073","article-title":"Sustained expression of interleukin-1\u03b2 in mouse hippocampus impairs spatial memory","volume":"164","author":"Moore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2014.899579","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of etanercept in chronic immune-mediated disease","volume":"13","author":"Murdaca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a002969","article-title":"Microglia: activation and their significance in the central nervous system","volume":"130","author":"Nakajima","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biochem"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04231.x","article-title":"Oxidative stress in the development of liver cirrhosis: a comparison of two different experimental models","volume":"21","author":"Natarajan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02833599","article-title":"The role of astrocytes in hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"6","author":"Norenberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurochem. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0000582288.72427.46","article-title":"Mechanism of Alzheimer type II astrocyte development: implication for the defective neuronal integrity and neurobehavioral deficits associated with chronic hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"114","author":"Norenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(94)80236-X","article-title":"A quantitative evaluation of magnetic resonance image signal changes of the brain in chronic hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"21","author":"Norton","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1997.6584","article-title":"Apoptosis and delayed neuronal damage after carbon monoxide poisoning in the rat","volume":"147","author":"Piantadosi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.06.038","article-title":"TNF and its receptors in the CNS: the essential, the desirable and the deleterious effects","volume":"302","author":"Probert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-66","article-title":"Marked potentiation of cell swelling by cytokines in ammonia-sensitized cultured astrocytes","volume":"7","author":"Rama Rao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib52","first-page":"151","article-title":"The burden of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: from diagnosis to therapeutic strategies","volume":"31","author":"Ridola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.07.013","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: novel insights into classification, pathophysiology and therapy","volume":"73","author":"Rose","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02513-0","article-title":"Fluoro-Jade B: a high affinity fluorescent marker for the localization of neuronal degeneration","volume":"874","author":"Schmued","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"19\u201320","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-005-5089-0","article-title":"The pathophysiologic basis of hepatic encephalopathy: central role for ammonia and inflammation","volume":"62","author":"Shawcross","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2003.10.016","article-title":"Systemic inflammatory response exacerbates the neuropsychological effects of induced hyperammonemia in cirrhosis","volume":"40","author":"Shawcross","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-006-9042-1","article-title":"Role of ammonia and inflammation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"22","author":"Shawcross","year":"2007","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15749","article-title":"Outcomes after hepatic encephalopathy in population-based cohorts of patients with cirrhosis","volume":"51","author":"Tapper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aliment Pharm. Ther."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-009-0136-z","article-title":"Chronic etanercept treatment prevents the development of hypertension in fructose-fed rats","volume":"330","author":"Tran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27210","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver","volume":"60","author":"Vilstrup","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1264-8","article-title":"Effect of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 on the expression of the ammonia transporter Rhcg in the brain in mice with acute liver failure","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1600561","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"375","author":"Wijdicks","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu179","article-title":"Etanercept reduces neuroinflammation and lethality in mouse model of Japanese encephalitis","volume":"210","author":"Ye","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318162340a","article-title":"Effect of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor, on neuropathic pain in the rat chronic constriction injury model","volume":"33","author":"Zanella","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2017-0155","article-title":"Etanercept for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"}],"container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816623002379?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816623002379?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T20:30:58Z","timestamp":1758573058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0040816623002379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S0040816623002379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-8166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-8166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"TNF-\u03b1 blockage by etanercept restores spatial learning and reduces cellular degeneration in the hippocampus during liver cirrhosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Tissue and Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2023.102249","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102249"}}