{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:05:24Z","timestamp":1774015524660,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023674","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023674","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020912","name":"King Faisal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFU254158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFU254158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T15:46:02Z","timestamp":1769874362000},"page":"103357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Indispensable amino acids vastly protect against CCl4-mediated aggravated liver cirrhosis and immunotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Al-Amgad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsayed S.I.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariam M.","family":"Jad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hend","family":"Al-Amgad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enas A.","family":"Noseer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amany Ahmed Abd","family":"El-Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asmaa W.","family":"Basher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5641-9260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma A.","family":"Madkour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2024.103280","article-title":"A comprehensive review of processing, functionality, and potential applications of lentil proteins in the food industry","volume":"333","author":"Aghababaei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22523","article-title":"Antifibrotic effects of D-limonene (5(1-methyl-4-[1-methylethenyl]) cyclohexane) in CCl(4) induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats","volume":"33","author":"Ahmad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(12)60087-2","article-title":"Protective effect of Pisonia aculeata on thioacetamide induced hepatotoxicity in rats","volume":"2","author":"Anbarasu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib4","series-title":"Official methods of analysis of AOAC International","author":"AOAC","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112644","article-title":"Is chickpea a potential substitute for soybean? Phenolic bioactives and potential health benefits","volume":"20","author":"de Camargo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib6","unstructured":"Coman, C., Ancu\u021ba, D., Soare, T., 2022. Histological evaluation of two euthanasia methods in a toxicity study in laboratory rats. Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine Vol. LXVIII 183-188."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02832-1","article-title":"Dietary protein intake and mortality among survivors of liver cirrhosis: a prospective cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Daftari","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib8","article-title":"A review of the health benefits of processed lentils (Lens culinaris L.)","volume":"6","author":"Dewan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Legume Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21165737","article-title":"Extrahepatic drug transporters in liver failure: focus on kidney and gastrointestinal tract","volume":"21","author":"Dro\u017adzik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196411","article-title":"Amelioration of CCl4 induced liver injury in swiss albino mice by antioxidant rich leaf extract of Croton bonplandianus Baill","volume":"13","author":"Dutta","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2012.00900.x","article-title":"Antagonizing effects of soybean isoflavones on \u03b2-amyloid peptide-induced oxidative damage in neuron mitochondria of rats","volume":"111","author":"Feng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharm. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6467","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209660","article-title":"Tuberin activates the proapoptotic molecule BAD","volume":"25","author":"Freilinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.107.039818","article-title":"Curcumin protects the rat liver from CCl4-caused injury and fibrogenesis by attenuating oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation","volume":"73","author":"Fu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540205000401","article-title":"Improved detection of apoptotic cells in archival paraffin sections: immunohistochemistry using antibodies to cleaved caspase 3","volume":"50","author":"Gown","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib15","article-title":"Plants consumption and liver health","volume":"2015","author":"Guan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Evid. Based Comp. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934648","article-title":"The role of skeletal muscle in the pathogenesis of altered concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) in liver cirrhosis, diabetes, and other diseases","volume":"70","author":"Hole\u010dek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12172129","article-title":"Liver injury and regeneration: current understanding, new approaches, and future perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Hora","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109354","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effect of different combinations of 18\u03b1-and 18\u03b2-Glycyrrhizic acid against CCl(4)-induced liver injury in rats","volume":"122","author":"Huo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020370","article-title":"A comprehensive review evaluating the impact of protein source (Vegetarian vs. Meat Based) in hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"13","author":"Iqbal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79480","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18447","article-title":"Evaluation of the branched-chain amino acid-to-tyrosine ratio prior to treatment as a prognostic predictor in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070309","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acid supplementation reduces oxidative stress and prolongs survival in rats with advanced liver cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Iwasa","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib22","first-page":"538","article-title":"Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of traditionally used three Indian medicinal plants","volume":"2","author":"Jain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Trends Biotechnol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib23","article-title":"Potential application of plant-based functional foods in the development of immune boosters","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010059","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo protective effects of lentil (Lens culinaris) extract against oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"27","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib25","author":"Kalra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Liver"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-12-178","article-title":"CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity: protective effect of rutin on p53, CYP2E1 and the antioxidative status in rat","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Complement Alter. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12297","article-title":"Branched chain amino acids supplementation modulates TGF-\u03b21\/Smad signaling pathway and interleukins in CCl(4) -induced liver fibrosis","volume":"31","author":"Khedr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2011.00795.x","article-title":"Effects of late evening snack including branched-chain amino acid on the function of hepatic parenchymal cells in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"41","author":"Koreeda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-10-35","article-title":"Bax inhibitor-1 down-regulation in the progression of chronic liver diseases","volume":"10","author":"Kotsafti","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26165071","article-title":"Quality of soybean products in terms of essential amino acids composition","volume":"26","author":"Kude\u0142ka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib31","series-title":"Bancroft\u2019s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques","author":"Layton","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2024.110983","article-title":"Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) polysaccharide attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury by modulating the gut microbiota in mice","volume":"117","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-6-19","article-title":"Experimental liver fibrosis research: update on animal models, legal issues and translational aspects","volume":"6","author":"Liedtke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fibrogenes. Tissue Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib34","first-page":"284","article-title":"Amino acid content in rice and lentil meal for vegan and pescatarian diet","volume":"20","author":"Lignicka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agron. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10418","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v9.i34.10418","article-title":"Liver injury associated with acute pancreatitis: The current status of clinical evaluation and involved mechanisms","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Cases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061444","article-title":"The emerging role of branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases","volume":"10","author":"Lo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib38","first-page":"946","article-title":"Dietary soybean isoflavones in Alzheimer's disease prevention","volume":"27","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/112_2018_10","article-title":"Targeting oxidative stress for the treatment of liver fibrosis","volume":"175","author":"Luangmonkong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2008.06831.x","article-title":"Pathways involved in testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by H2O2 in vitro","volume":"276","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Febs J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00061.2009","article-title":"Hepatocyte death: a clear and present danger","volume":"90","author":"Malhi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i19.2905","article-title":"Branched chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis: evidence and uncertainties","volume":"29","author":"Marrone","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.focha.2024.100818","article-title":"Decorticated and non-decorticated BARI lentil varieties: an ample source of essential nutrients, minerals and bioactive compounds","volume":"5","author":"Molla","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-014-9955-1","article-title":"Effect of Physalis peruviana L. on cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in rats","volume":"159","author":"Othman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191353","article-title":"Silymarin prevents acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice","volume":"13","author":"Papackova","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051429","article-title":"Effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on the progression of advanced liver disease: a Korean nationwide, multicenter, prospective, observational, cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib47","article-title":"A review on plant-based proteins from soybean: health benefits and soy product development","volume":"7","author":"Qin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2016.09.012","article-title":"Activation of apoptosis signalling pathways by reactive oxygen species","volume":"1863","author":"Redza-Dutordoir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.11.043","article-title":"Circadian clock control of liver metabolic functions","volume":"150","author":"Reinke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-017-0192-9","article-title":"Vegan diets: practical advice for athletes and exercisers","volume":"14","author":"Rogerson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Int Soc. Sports Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2225\/vol15-issue5-fulltext-16","article-title":"Development of a caspase-3 antibody as a tool for detecting apoptosis in cells from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"15","author":"Rojas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Electron. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib52","first-page":"9","article-title":"Effect of a high-protein, high-fiber diet plus supplementation with branched-chain amino acids on the nutritional status of patients with cirrhosis","volume":"83","author":"Ruiz-Marg\u00e1in","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Gastroenterol. Mex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27815","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-24083-5","article-title":"Prophylactic and curative effects of Carica papaya Linn. pulp extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats","volume":"30","author":"Shaban","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103506","article-title":"Carbon tetrachloride does not promote hepatic fibrosis in ob\/ob mice via downregulation of lipocalin-2 protein","volume":"80","author":"Shin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00363","article-title":"Drug-induced liver toxicity and prevention by herbal antioxidants: an overview","volume":"6","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2019.12.011","article-title":"Emerging roles for branched-chain amino acid metabolism in cancer","volume":"37","author":"Sivanand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1080\/09168451.2015.1039481","article-title":"Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic and renal damages in rat: inhibitory effects of cacao polyphenol","volume":"79","author":"Suzuki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.21037\/tgh.2018.07.06","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases","volume":"3","author":"Tajiri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics6020025","article-title":"Liver injury by carbon tetrachloride intoxication in 16 patients treated with forced ventilation to accelerate toxin removal via the lungs: a clinical report","volume":"6","author":"Teschke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2024.100737","article-title":"Biomarkers of Hepatic Toxicity: An Overview","volume":"100","author":"Thakur","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Ther. Res Clin. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib61","series-title":"Essentials of Medical pharmacology","author":"Tripathi","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2020-0048","article-title":"Toxicity of carbon tetrachloride, free radicals and role of antioxidants","volume":"36","author":"Unsal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/03602532.2017.1354014","article-title":"Paracetamol: overdose-induced oxidative stress toxicity, metabolism, and protective effects of various compounds in vivo and in vitro","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib64","series-title":"Adverse outcome pathway on Cyp2E1 activation leading to liver cancer","author":"Webster","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2012.04.001","article-title":"Soy food intake and circulating levels of inflammatory markers in Chinese women","volume":"112","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3390","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980021004948","article-title":"Association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids with long-term risks of CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6525","DOI":"10.1021\/jf903070a","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effects of apple polyphenols on CCl4-induced acute liver damage in mice","volume":"58","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s43141-020-00027-9","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of a novel combination of Curcumin with Sulfamethoxazole against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in Swiss albino mice","volume":"18","author":"Zahran","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Genet Eng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357_bib69","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases: complexity and controversy","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816626000492?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816626000492?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T11:56:56Z","timestamp":1774007816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0040816626000492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["S0040816626000492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-8166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-8166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Indispensable amino acids vastly protect against CCl4-mediated aggravated liver cirrhosis and immunotoxicity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Tissue and Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103357","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103357"}}