{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T23:05:03Z","timestamp":1784070303953,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2026R39"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2026R39"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:03:35Z","timestamp":1778861015000},"page":"103556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ethanolic propolis extract attenuates thioacetamide-induced lung injury in rats through antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic effects and inhibition of NLRP3-mediated inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Zakiah Nasser","family":"Almohawes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalal","family":"Alardan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wafa A.","family":"Al-Megrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal F.","family":"El-Khadragy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5846-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherif R.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/09603271231200213","article-title":"TLR4\/ MyD88\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway involved in the protective effect of diacerein against lung fibrosis in rats","volume":"42","author":"Abdel-Aziz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2007.02.002","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutases: role in joint diseases","volume":"74","author":"Afonso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jt. Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2025.10.010","article-title":"Neuroprotective efficacy of methanolic extract of propolis against early life stress-induced oxidative and inflammatory damage: Involvement of the Nrf2\u2013Keap1 signaling pathway","volume":"19","author":"Ahmadi Kholardi","year":"2025","journal-title":"IBRO Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.25259\/JKSUS_158_2024","article-title":"Protective effects of rutin and Moringa oleifera extract against monosodium glutamate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats","volume":"37","author":"Almohawes","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. King Saud. Univ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib5","series-title":"Peran Propolis Sebagai Induktor Apoptosis pada Sel Osteosarkoma (U2OS) Melalui Ekspresi BCL-2, BAX, DAN CASPASE-3 In-Vitro (Thesis)","author":"Andriandi","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12131","article-title":"When to use the Bonferroni correction","volume":"34","author":"Armstrong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt. J. Br. Coll. Ophthalmic Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.4103\/2221-1691.254603","article-title":"Phytochemical studies and anti-ulcerative colitis effect of Moringa oleifera seeds and Egyptian propolis methanol extracts in a rat model","volume":"9","author":"Atta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.3390\/life15050764","article-title":"Propolis stands out as a multifaceted natural product: meta-analysis on its sources, bioactivities, applications, and future perspectives","volume":"15","author":"Ayad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.33594\/000000140","article-title":"The therapeutic mechanisms of propolis against CCl4 -mediated liver injury by mediating apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells and improving the hepatic architecture through PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR, TGF-\u03b2\/Smad2, Bcl2\/BAX\/P53 and iNOS signaling pathways","volume":"53","author":"Badr","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem. Int. J. Exp. Cell. Physiol. Biochem. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.05.004","article-title":"Chemical diversity of propolis and the problem of standardization","volume":"100","author":"Bankova","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1080\/00218839.2021.1901426","article-title":"Propolis extraction methods: a review","volume":"60","author":"Bankova","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Apic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-024-04522-y","article-title":"Determination of phenolic content and bioactive characterization of Anatolian propolis","volume":"250","author":"Can","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib13","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"A convenient method for quantifying collagen fibers in atherosclerotic lesions by ImageJ software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557518666180330114010","article-title":"Probing gallic acid for its broad spectrum applications","volume":"18","author":"Choubey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22743","article-title":"Investigation of oxidant\/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of apigenin on apoptosis in sepsis-induced rat lung","volume":"35","author":"Cicek","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2020.165911","article-title":"Protective effect of gallic acid and gallic acid-loaded Eudragit-RS 100 nanoparticles on cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in rat kidney","volume":"1866","author":"Dehghani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib17","article-title":"The effects of propolis-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and menstrual blood stem cells on LPS-induced ovarian inflammation in the murine ovary in vivo: An in vitro and in vivo study","volume":"123","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol. Elmsford N."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.12.008","article-title":"Anti-asthmatic agents alleviate pulmonary edema by upregulating AQP1 and AQP5 expression in the lungs of mice with OVA-induced asthma","volume":"181","author":"Dong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.35943\/2682-2512.1217","article-title":"Thioacetamide: definition, exposure, hepatic and renal toxicity","volume":"24","author":"El-Hameed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mansoura Vet. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.3076-3083","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and protective effect of propolis against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver and kidney injury by modulation of oxidative parameters","author":"El-Haskoury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. World 14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.631216","article-title":"Leflunomide induces dose-dependent lung injury in mice via stimulating vimentin and NLRP3 inflammasome production","volume":"12","author":"El-Sherbiny","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.7813\/2075-4124.2012\/4-6\/A.12","article-title":"The analysis of Egyptian propolis by GS\/MS and its use in preparation of a functional food with antioxidant power","volume":"4","author":"El-Shobaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Acad. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-019-02971-6","article-title":"Cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activity, and GC-MS analysis of Egyptian propolis","volume":"28","author":"Ezzat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1214\/09-STS301","article-title":"The impact of levene\u2019s test of equality of variances on statistical theory and practice","volume":"24","author":"Gastwirth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.5812\/ijem.3505","article-title":"Normality tests for statistical analysis: a guide for non-statisticians","volume":"10","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2025.v15.i1.12","article-title":"Antioxidant activity, antibacterial behavior, and anticancer impact of Egyptian propolis","volume":"15","author":"Gomaa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Open Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5974","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400368","article-title":"Critical role for the NLRP3 inflammasome during acute lung injury","volume":"192","author":"Grailer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib28","author":"Gujar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Practical determination and validation of instrument detection limit for the Thermo Scientific ISQ 7000 Single Quadrupole GC-MS system with Advanced Electron Ionization source"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib29","first-page":"567","article-title":"Alleviating sepsis: Revealing the protective role of costunolide in a cecal ligation and puncture rat model","volume":"27","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2015.12.012","article-title":"Data supporting the spectrophotometric method for the estimation of catalase activity","volume":"6","author":"Hadwan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Data Brief."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-00773-1","article-title":"Chemical composition of Egyptian propolis and studying its antimicrobial activity and synergistic action with honey against some multidrug-resistant uropathogens","volume":"15","author":"Helmy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18030620","article-title":"A biomedical investigation of the hepatoprotective effect of radix salviae miltiorrhizae and network pharmacology-based prediction of the active compounds and molecular targets","volume":"18","author":"Hong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3328","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133328","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome: an overview of mechanisms of activation and regulation","volume":"20","author":"Kelley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot102269","article-title":"Bradford assay for determining protein concentration","volume":"2020","author":"Kielkopf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.4132\/jptm.2016.08.08","article-title":"Immunohistochemistry for pathologists: protocols, pitfalls, and tips","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pathol. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s12566-010-0015-9","article-title":"Advances in structure elucidation of small molecules using mass spectrometry","volume":"2","author":"Kind","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioanal. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.51435\/turkjac.1445121","article-title":"A comparative study of solvent effect on propolis extraction by ultrasound-assisted extraction","volume":"6","author":"Kolayl\u0131","year":"2024","journal-title":"Turk. J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9719906","article-title":"Protective effect of honey and propolis against gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and hepatorenal damages","volume":"2021","author":"Laaroussi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2025.106364","article-title":"Taiwanese green propolis suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and induces Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway to reduce periodontal pathogen-induced endothelial inflammation","volume":"178","author":"Lai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Oral. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863","article-title":"Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: a practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs","volume":"4","author":"Lakens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib41","author":"Law","year":"2026","journal-title":"Practical determination and validation of instrument detection limit of Thermo Scientific ISQ 7000 single quadrupole GC-MS with ExtractaBrite EI ionization source"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib42","first-page":"703","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome in acute lung injury: cumulative evidence for traditional Chinese medicine and natural products","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Herb. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26041519","article-title":"Propolis: a natural substance with multifaceted properties and activities","volume":"26","author":"Martinotti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib45","first-page":"87","article-title":"Acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Arum maculatum on rat liver cirrhosis induced with thioacetamide","volume":"75","author":"Mawlood","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Zagreb Croat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-015-0888-9","article-title":"Brazilian red propolis: phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and effect against cancer cells","volume":"15","author":"de Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.10387","article-title":"Comparing multiple comparisons: practical guidance for choosing the best multiple comparisons test","volume":"8","author":"Midway","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17111412","article-title":"Phytochemical characterization and assessment of the wound healing properties of three Eurasian Propolis","volume":"17","author":"Miraldi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib49","first-page":"78","article-title":"Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative injury and hepatic dysfunction in rats","volume":"3","author":"Olayinka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Basel Switz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib50","first-page":"1837","article-title":"Protective role of quercetin in preventing thioacetamide induced heart and lung injury in adult male albino rat","volume":"46","author":"Omar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Histol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib51","unstructured":"Pereira, W.L., 2019. Bancroft\u2019s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib52","unstructured":"PubChem, 2026. Thioacetamide [WWW Document]. URL \u3008https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/2723949\u3009 (accessed 3.28.26)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.378","article-title":"Assay for quantitative determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide levels using enzymatic recycling method","volume":"1","author":"Rahman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7172-5_5","article-title":"Principles and methods of immunohistochemistry","volume":"1641","author":"Ramos-Vara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00129039-200303000-00014","article-title":"Comparison of quantification of histochemical staining by hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) transformation and color-deconvolution","volume":"11","author":"Ruifrok","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. AIMM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib56","first-page":"25","article-title":"Anti-candida effect of Saudi Propolis: GC\/MS analysis, in-silico study and nano encapsulation","volume":"66","author":"Salah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","article-title":"Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schindelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089","article-title":"NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schneider","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib59","article-title":"The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: Updated guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"18","author":"Sert","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.103506","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effect of pinostrobin against thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in rats","volume":"30","author":"Shareef","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/16583655.2023.2213411","article-title":"Lung response to propolis treatment during experimentally induced lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Soliman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Taibah Univ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02305","article-title":"Regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by phosphorylation","volume":"9","author":"Song","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7274","DOI":"10.1021\/ac301205z","article-title":"Mass Spectral Reference Libraries: An Ever-Expanding Resource for Chemical Identification","volume":"84","author":"Stein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202400433","article-title":"Phytochemical profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, acute toxicity, in silico molecular docking and dynamic analysis of apis mellifera propolis as antidiabetic supplement","volume":"21","author":"Syaifie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2016.10.021","article-title":"Assessment of lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and relatives in biological samples: analytical and biological challenges","volume":"524","author":"Tsikas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2025.108330","article-title":"Alleviation of LPS-induced acute lung injury by propolis-based nanocomposites through the TLR4\/NFKB and P2X7\/AKT pathways: randomized-controlled experimental study","volume":"258","author":"\u00dcst\u00fcnda\u011f","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096801","article-title":"IHC profiler: an open source plugin for the quantitative evaluation and automated scoring of immunohistochemistry images of human tissue samples","volume":"9","author":"Varghese","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.197","article-title":"Measurement of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in cultured cells and tissue","volume":"5","author":"Weydert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib69","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutritional Pharmacology of Propolis: Multi-Axis Mechanisms in Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Immune-Regulatory Pathways"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11162439","article-title":"The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids from propolis via Nrf2 and NF-\u03baB pathways","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fceld.2024.1503799","article-title":"Regulation of pyroptosis by NF-\u03baB signaling","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell Death"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/09603271241241807","article-title":"Unveiling thioacetamide-induced toxicity: multi-organ damage and omitted bone toxicity","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.34211","article-title":"Caffeine inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by suppressing MAPK\/NF-\u03baB and A2aR Signaling in LPS-Induced THP-1 macrophages","volume":"15","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.107979","article-title":"Multi-target anti-inflammatory mechanism of poplar-type propolis based on network pharmacology and metabolomics","volume":"74","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17233683","article-title":"Integrated transcriptomics and network pharmacology reveal the mechanism of poplar-type propolis on the mouse mastitis model","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10061360","article-title":"Antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic properties of propolis: a review","volume":"10","author":"Zulhendri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8473","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27238473","article-title":"Recent update on the anti-inflammatory activities of propolis","volume":"27","author":"Zulhendri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"}],"container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816626002491?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816626002491?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T22:15:01Z","timestamp":1784067301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0040816626002491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S0040816626002491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-8166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-8166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ethanolic propolis extract attenuates thioacetamide-induced lung injury in rats through antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic effects and inhibition of NLRP3-mediated inflammation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Tissue and Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103556","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103556"}}