{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T23:06:21Z","timestamp":1784070381100,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009392","name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PSAU\/2025\/R\/1447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSAU\/2025\/R\/1447"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:00:42Z","timestamp":1777474842000},"page":"103561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Therapeutic potential of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes and hyperbaric oxygen in sciatic nerve crush injury: Insights from histological, molecular, and biochemical analyses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Abdullah A.","family":"Alqasem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib1","series-title":"Physiotherapy for Adult Neurological Conditions","first-page":"621","article-title":"Peripheral nerve disorders","author":"Joshua","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2025.110556","article-title":"Crush nerve injury model in the rat sciatic nerve: A comprehensive review and validation of various methods","author":"Kitano","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib3","first-page":"735","article-title":"Morphological and functional aspects of sciatic nerve regeneration after crush injury","volume":"54","author":"Raducan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rom. J. Morphol. Embryol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2004.21.1652","article-title":"Functional and morphological assessment of a standardized rat sciatic nerve crush injury with a non-serrated clamp","volume":"21","author":"Varej\u00e3o","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2024.11.021","article-title":"Exosomes derived from human placental mesenchymal stem cells in combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy enhance neuroregeneration in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury","volume":"28","author":"Amiri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Regen. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib6","article-title":"IL-33 promotes sciatic nerve regeneration in mice by modulating macrophage polarization","volume":"123","author":"Smail","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04671-6","article-title":"Erythropoietin promotes M2 macrophage phagocytosis of Schwann cells in peripheral nerve injury","volume":"13","author":"Govindappa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.946832","article-title":"Macrophage autophagy in macrophage polarization, chronic inflammation and organ fibrosis","volume":"13","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib9","first-page":"273","article-title":"M2 macrophage-derived exosomes promote diabetic fracture healing by acting as an immunomodulator","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-00872-w","article-title":"M2 macrophage-secreted exosomes promote metastasis and increase vascular permeability in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202303506","article-title":"Enhanced osteolysis targeted therapy through fusion of exosomes derived from M2 macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: modulating macrophage polarization","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.1008802","article-title":"Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages induce angiogenesis to promote wound healing","volume":"9","author":"Lyu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Mol. Biosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12101322","article-title":"Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages improve angiogenesis and functional recovery after spinal cord injury through HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF Axis","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107823","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and M2 macrophage polarization-promoting effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes","volume":"97","author":"Arabpour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.03.018","article-title":"Berberine-loaded M2 macrophage-derived exosomes for spinal cord injury therapy","volume":"126","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7218067","article-title":"Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages exert a therapeutic effect via inhibition of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway in rats with knee osteoarthritic","volume":"2021","author":"Da-Wa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Res Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2022-104113","article-title":"The role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of perioperative peripheral nerve injury: A scoping review of the literature","volume":"48","author":"Brenna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reg. Anesth. Pain. Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57090864","article-title":"A general overview on the hyperbaric oxygen therapy: applications, mechanisms and translational opportunities","volume":"57","author":"Ortega","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.310057","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of hyperbaric oxygen: integrated review","volume":"11","author":"Sen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Gas. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Synergistic neuroprotective effects of hyperbaric oxygen and methylprednisolone following contusive spinal cord injury in rat","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Spinal Cord. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2023.09.003","article-title":"Exosomes derived from human placental mesenchymal stem cells in combination with hyperbaric oxygen synergically alleviates spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"24","author":"Jafari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Regen. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12071383","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a novel approach to modulating macrophage polarization for the treatment of glioblastoma","volume":"12","author":"Yuen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.640816","article-title":"Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on polarization phenotype of rat microglia after traumatic brain injury","volume":"12","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Schwann Cell Exosomes and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Enhance Sciatic Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery After a Crush Injury in Rats","author":"Almasoudi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bratisl. Med J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib25","series-title":"Unbiased stereology: three-dimensional measurement in microscopy","author":"Howard","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","article-title":"Tissue sulfhydryl groups","volume":"82","author":"Ellman","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem Biophys."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/34.3.497","article-title":"A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase","volume":"34","author":"Sun","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib28","series-title":"Catalase. Methods of enzymatic analysis","first-page":"673","author":"Aebi","year":"1974"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(78)90342-1","article-title":"Determination of malonaldehyde precursor in tissues by thiobarbituric acid test","volume":"86","author":"Uchiyama","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.04.088","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen treatment decreases inflammation and mechanical hypersensitivity in an animal model of inflammatory pain","volume":"1098","author":"Wilson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-020-01495-x","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in peripheral neuropathy","volume":"70","author":"Mallet","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2022.109193","article-title":"Exosomes from M2-polarized macrophages relieve oxygen\/glucose deprivation\/normalization-induced neuronal injury by activating the Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling","volume":"721","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem Biophys."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13232","article-title":"Role of Exosomal miR-223 in Chronic Skeletal Muscle Inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-10088-5","article-title":"MiR-146a-5p-enriched exosomes inhibit M1 macrophage activation and inflammatory response by targeting CD80","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1727054","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen in combination with exosomes: a new strategy to promote tissue repair","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561_bib36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in Combination with Hyperbaric Oxygen Synergistically Promote Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats","author":"Cheshmi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res"}],"container-title":["Tissue and Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816626002545?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0040816626002545?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T22:20:39Z","timestamp":1784067639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0040816626002545"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0040816626002545"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-8166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-8166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Therapeutic potential of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes and hyperbaric oxygen in sciatic nerve crush injury: Insights from histological, molecular, and biochemical analyses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Tissue and Cell","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tice.2026.103561","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103561"}}