{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T08:58:43Z","timestamp":1785401923659,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Neuroscience and Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T09:59:53Z","timestamp":1720951193000},"page":"100237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The whole is greater than the sum of its parts: Using cognitive profiles to predict academic achievement"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4440-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica Wise","family":"Younger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Schaerlaeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquin A.","family":"Anguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Gazzaley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0001","unstructured":"National Center for Education Statistics. (2019). NAEP, Reading Report Card For the Nation and the States. U.S. Department of Education."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1080\/10409289.2018.1539556","article-title":"The relation between executive functions, fine motor skills, and basic numerical skills and their relevance for later mathematics achievement","volume":"30","author":"Gashaj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Early Educ. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2017.09.004","article-title":"Pathways to reading, mathematics, and science: examining domain-general correlates in young Chinese children","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000159","article-title":"Developmental change in the influence of domain-general abilities and domain-specific knowledge on mathematics achievement: an eight-year longitudinal study","volume":"109","author":"Geary","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.12446","article-title":"Domain-general and reading-specific cognitive flexibility and its relation with other executive functions: contributions to science text reading comprehension","author":"Escobar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Read."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.43.6.1428","article-title":"School readiness and later achievement","volume":"43","author":"Duncan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2010.11.001","article-title":"Investigating the links between the subcomponents of executive function and academic achievement: a cross-cultural analysis of Chinese and American preschoolers","volume":"108","author":"Lan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Child Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010076108","article-title":"A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety","volume":"108","author":"Moffitt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12529","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12529","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the relationship between socioeconomic status and executive function performance among children","volume":"21","author":"Lawson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0010","series-title":"Review of the Evidence on, and Fundamental Questions About, Efforts to Improve Executive Functions, Including Working Memory","first-page":"143","author":"Diamond","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000180","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence on the near- and far-transfer effects among children's executive function skills","volume":"145","author":"Kassai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mbe.12403","article-title":"How should we slice up the executive function pie? Striving toward an ontology of cognitive control processes","author":"Bunge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mind Brain Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721411429458","article-title":"The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: four general conclusions","volume":"21","author":"Miyake","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-113011-143750","article-title":"Executive functions","volume":"64","author":"Diamond","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13320","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13320","article-title":"Relational thinking: an overlooked component of executive functioning","volume":"26","author":"Starr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2016.04.023","article-title":"Unity and diversity of executive functions: individual differences as a window on cognitive structure","volume":"86","author":"Friedman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.624008","article-title":"Training executive functions to improve academic achievement: tackling avenues to far transfer","volume":"12","author":"Gunzenhauser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1999.0734","article-title":"The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex \u2018frontal lobe\u2019 tasks: a latent variable analysis","volume":"41","author":"Miyake","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0019","first-page":"e13256","article-title":"Understanding patterns of heterogeneity in executive functioning during adolescence: evidence from population-level data","author":"Chaku","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev. Sci. Wiley Online Library"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogdev.2021.101119","article-title":"Executive functioning profiles in adolescence: using person-centered approaches to understand heterogeneity","volume":"60","author":"Chaku","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cogn. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2020.101846","article-title":"Patterns of heterogeneity in kindergarten children's executive function: profile associations with third grade achievement","volume":"80","author":"Litkowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000160","article-title":"The unity and diversity of executive functions: a systematic review and re-analysis of latent variable studies","volume":"144","author":"Karr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-021-01160-3","article-title":"Latent class analysis reveals distinct groups based on executive function and socioemotional traits, developmental conditions, and stuttering: a population study","volume":"53","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum. Dev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1177\/1063426618763125","article-title":"Executive function deficits in adolescents with ADHD: untangling possible sources of heterogeneity","volume":"27","author":"Molitor","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Emot. Behav. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13114","article-title":"Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders","volume":"61","author":"Vaidya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12655","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12655","article-title":"Executive function phenotypes in pediatric obesity","volume":"15","author":"Gowey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04290-9","article-title":"Parsing heterogeneity of executive function in typically and atypically developing children: a conceptual replication and exploration of social function","volume":"50","author":"Baez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Autism. Dev. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000322","article-title":"Relations between executive functions and academic outcomes in elementary school children: a meta-analysis","volume":"147","author":"Spiegel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0029","first-page":"440","article-title":"Ten frequently asked questions about latent class analysis","volume":"4","author":"Nylund-Gibson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trans. Issues Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1195013","article-title":"Better together: novel methods for measuring and modeling development of executive function diversity while accounting for unity","volume":"17","author":"Younger","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1080\/17470210500162854","article-title":"Executive functions and achievements in school: shifting, updating, inhibition, and working memory","volume":"59","author":"St Clair-Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1624","article-title":"Altered association between executive functions and reading and math fluency tasks in children with reading difficulties compared with typical readers","volume":"25","author":"Meiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjinnov-2015-000098","article-title":"Conducting a fully mobile and randomised clinical trial for depression: access, engagement and expense","volume":"2","author":"Anguera","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Innov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0034","series-title":"Test For Colour-Blindness","author":"Ishihara","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0035","first-page":"34","article-title":"Human memory and the medial temporal region of the brain","author":"Corsi","year":"1972","journal-title":"Diss. Abstr. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702860015","article-title":"Neural basis of the Stroop interference task: response competition or selective attention?","volume":"8","author":"Mead","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203267","article-title":"Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task","volume":"16","author":"Eriksen","year":"1974","journal-title":"Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(03)00028-7","article-title":"Task switching","volume":"7","author":"Monsell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci. Regul. Ed."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-016-0721-5","article-title":"A comparison of methods to combine speed and accuracy measures of performance: a rejoinder on the binning procedure","volume":"49","author":"Vandierendonck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193587","article-title":"Availability of related long-term memory during and after attention focus in working memory","volume":"34","author":"Woltz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mem. Cognit."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5472","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1818430116","article-title":"Large-scale analysis of test\u2013retest reliabilities of self-regulation measures","volume":"116","author":"Enkavi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(80)90005-5","article-title":"A feature-integration theory of attention","volume":"12","author":"Treisman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0043","series-title":"Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA)","author":"Greenberg","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0044","series-title":"The TOVA Professional Manual","author":"Leark","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.39301","article-title":"Evidence for processing stages in skill acquisition: a dual-task study","volume":"8","author":"Eversheim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/36846","article-title":"The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions","volume":"390","author":"Luck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.W. Younger, K.D. O'Laughlin, J.A. Anguera, S.A. Bunge, E.E. Ferrer, F. Hoeft, B.D. McCandliss, J. Mishra, M. Rosenberg-Lee, A. Gazzaley, & M.R. Uncapher (2022). Development of executive function in middle childhood: a large-scale, in-school, longitudinal investigation. PsyArXiv [Preprint]. 10.31234\/OSF.IO\/XF489.","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/xf489"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0048","unstructured":"R. Wagner, J. Torgesen, C. Rashotte, & N. Pearson (2010). Test of silent reading efficiency and comprehension (TOSREC) examiner's manual. Austin, TX: Pro\u2013Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0049","series-title":"Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement","first-page":"1575","author":"Dean","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12747","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12747","article-title":"Remapping the cognitive and neural profiles of children who struggle at school","volume":"22","author":"Astle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advwatres.2020.103676","article-title":"Tools for enhancing the application of self-organizing maps in water resources research and engineering","volume":"143","author":"Clark","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Water Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2018.1559491","article-title":"Identifying profiles of children at risk of being less physically active: an exploratory study using a self-organised map approach for motor competence","volume":"37","author":"Estevan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12868","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12868","article-title":"Mapping differential responses to cognitive training using machine learning","volume":"23","author":"Rennie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0054","unstructured":"J. Vesanto, J. Himberg, E. Alhoniemi, & J. Parhankangas (1999). Self-organizing map in MATLAB: the SOM toolbox. pp.16\u201317."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0055","unstructured":"The MathWorks, Inc. (2015). MATLAB and Statistics Toolbox Release 2015b. Natick, Massachusetts, United States."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14506","article-title":"Preliminary evidence on machine learning approaches for clusterizing students' cognitive profile","volume":"9","author":"Orsoni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.L. Davies, &D.W. Bouldin (1979). A cluster separation measure. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-1, 224\u2013227.","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1979.4766909"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654314561338","article-title":"The potential for school-based interventions that target executive function to improve academic achievement: a review","volume":"85","author":"Jacob","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Educ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13","article-title":"lmerTest package: tests in linear mixed effects models","volume":"82","author":"Kuznetsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29427-w","article-title":"Contribution of sustained attention abilities to real-world academic skills in children","volume":"13","author":"Gallen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-013-0537-1","article-title":"Working memory and executive functions: effects of training on academic achievement","volume":"78","author":"Titz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0063","series-title":"Handbook of Research on Neurocognitive Development of Executive Functions and Implications for Intervention","first-page":"310","article-title":"Technological tools for the intervention and computerized dynamic assessment of executive functions","author":"Bustamante","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01582","article-title":"The relationship between executive functions and academic performance in primary education: review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Cort\u00e9s Pascual","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2012.10.004","article-title":"Shifting ability predicts math and reading performance in children: a meta-analytical study","volume":"23","author":"Yeniad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-018-9923-9","article-title":"Executive function: association with multiple reading skills","volume":"32","author":"Cirino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Read. Writ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691620904771","article-title":"Rethinking executive function and its development","volume":"15","author":"Doebel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1162\/edfp_a_00306","article-title":"Testing, stress, and performance: how students respond physiologically to high-stakes testing","volume":"16","author":"Heissel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Educ. Finance Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-017-9425-3","article-title":"Student diversity representation and reporting in universal school-based social and emotional learning programs: implications for generalizability","volume":"30","author":"Rowe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691617693393","article-title":"Choosing prediction over explanation in psychology: lessons from machine learning","volume":"12","author":"Yarkoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-8606.2012.00246.x","article-title":"Hot and cool executive function in childhood and adolescence: development and plasticity","volume":"6","author":"Zelazo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Child Dev. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-019-01021-2","article-title":"Developmental trajectories of executive functioning and puberty in boys and girls","volume":"48","author":"Chaku","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Youth. Adolesc."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0073","first-page":"73","article-title":"Academic achievement prediction: role of interest in learning and attitude towards school","volume":"1","author":"Kpolovie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Humanit. Soc. Sci. Educ. (IJHSSE)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0074","series-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology","article-title":"Attitude toward school and learning and academic achievement of adolescents","author":"Vere\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2017.02.001","article-title":"Advancing personalized medicine: application of a novel statistical method to identify treatment moderators in the coordinated anxiety learning and management study","volume":"48","author":"Niles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav. Ther."}],"container-title":["Trends in Neuroscience and Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211949324000188?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211949324000188?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T08:39:08Z","timestamp":1726389548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211949324000188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["S2211949324000188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-9493"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-9493","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts: Using cognitive profiles to predict academic achievement","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Neuroscience and Education","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tine.2024.100237","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100237"}}