{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:07:29Z","timestamp":1778630849538,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,5,7]],"date-time":"2027-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1809648000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":371,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS100947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS100947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21NS136070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21NS136070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R61NS130199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R61NS130199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Pharmacological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T05:27:01Z","timestamp":1775712421000},"page":"571-572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Topical difamilast for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Md. Asaduzzaman","family":"Rakib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3955-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianxiong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-017-0784-3","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor therapies for atopic dermatitis: progress and outlook","volume":"77","author":"Ahluwalia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.04.001","article-title":"OPA-15406, a novel, topical, nonsteroidal, selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, in the treatment of adult and adolescent patients with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis (AD): a phase-II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"75","author":"Hanifin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.123.001609","article-title":"Pharmacological profile of difamilast, a novel selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, for topical treatment of atopic dermatitis","volume":"386","author":"Hiyama","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2025.103582","article-title":"Difamilast topically ameliorates pruritus, dermatitis, and barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis model mice by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4, especially the 4B subtype","volume":"392","author":"Kirima","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19580","article-title":"The global burden of atopic dermatitis: lessons from the global burden of disease study 1990-2017","volume":"184","author":"Laughter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.10.027","article-title":"Difamilast ointment in adult patients with atopic dermatitis: a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial","volume":"86","author":"Saeki","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2023.09.272","article-title":"Topical application of a PDE4 inhibitor ameliorates atopic dermatitis through inhibition of basophil IL-4 production","volume":"144","author":"Takahashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2023.04.007","article-title":"PDE4 inhibition by difamilast regulates filaggrin and loricrin expression via keratinocyte proline-rich protein in human keratinocytes","volume":"110","author":"Tsuji","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0001-z","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"4","author":"Weidinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.11.056","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors","volume":"78","author":"Zebda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."}],"container-title":["Trends in Pharmacological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165614726000647?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165614726000647?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T23:07:43Z","timestamp":1778627263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165614726000647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165614726000647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-6147"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-6147","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Topical difamilast for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Trends in Pharmacological Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tips.2026.03.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}