{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:36:22Z","timestamp":1793298982846,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian Network for Alternative Methods\u2013Rede Nacional de M\u00e9todos Alternativos (RENAMA\/MCTI)","award":["4025522011-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4025522011-3"]}]},{"name":"Program to Support Strategic Research on Health \u2014 Programa de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa Estrat\u00e9gica em Sa\u00fade (PAPES\/FIOCRUZ)","award":["407657\/2012-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407657\/2012-6"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Toxicology in Vitro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T21:30:42Z","timestamp":1450301442000},"page":"70-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Applicability of the Monocyte Activation Test (MAT) for hyperimmune sera in the routine of the quality control laboratory: Comparison with the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Cristiane Caldeira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1764-9397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavio Augusto Fran\u00e7a","family":"Presgrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hartung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurea Maria Lage","family":"de Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0610-5324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella Fernandes","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0010","series-title":"Tese (Doutorado)\u2013Curso de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da contamina\u00e7\u00e3o pirog\u00eanica em soros hiperimunes e ambientes sujeitos a vigil\u00e2ncia sanit\u00e1ria: compara\u00e7\u00e3o dos m\u00e9todos in vitro e in vivo aplicados ao controle da qualidade","author":"Caldeira","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.159","article-title":"Assessment of pyrogenic contaminations with validated human whole-blood assay","volume":"4","author":"Daneshian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.20.3.323-329.1984","article-title":"Human leukocytic pyrogen test for detection of pyrogenic material in growth hormone produced by recombinant Escherichia coli","volume":"20","author":"Dinarello","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0030","author":"ECVAM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0035","series-title":"European Pharmacopoeia. Ph. Eur","author":"EDQM","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0040","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb9000","first-page":"131","article-title":"Detection of endotoxins and other pyrogens using human whole blood","volume":"101","author":"Fennrich","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dev. Biol. Stand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2013.06.034","article-title":"Intralaboratory validation of kinetic chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay for bacterial endotoxin determination in anti-bothropic serum","volume":"85","author":"Fingola","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0045","first-page":"23","article-title":"The re-use of Rabbits in Pyrogen Testing (RPT) of hyperimune sera and vacines contributes to the reduction of animal use","volume":"28","author":"Freitas","year":"2011","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.2010.4.285","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the revised Directive 2010\/63\/EU for the protection of laboratory animals with its predecessor 86\/609\/EEC\u2014a t4 report","volume":"27","author":"Hartung","year":"2010","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.1503241","article-title":"The human whole blood pyrogen test \u2014 lessons learned in twenty years","volume":"32","author":"Hartung","year":"2015","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0060","first-page":"353","article-title":"Detection of pyrogens using human whole blood","volume":"9","author":"Hartung","year":"1996","journal-title":"In Vitro Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0065","first-page":"99","article-title":"Novel pyrogen tests based on the human fever reaction. The report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 43. European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods","volume":"29","author":"Hartung","year":"2001","journal-title":"ATLA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.2013.2.169","article-title":"Evidence for the detection of non-endotoxin pyrogens by the whole blood Monocyte Activation Test","volume":"30","author":"Hasiwa","year":"2013","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0075","first-page":"35","article-title":"Limulus Amebocyte Lysate testing of normal serum albumin (human) in the United States since 1975","volume":"44","author":"Hochstein","year":"1979","journal-title":"Dev. Biol. Stand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0080","first-page":"346","article-title":"Comparison of rabbit responses of two E. coli endotoxin preparations in the FA Rabbit Pyrogen Test","author":"Hochstein","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pharmacopeial Forum"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2005.01.010","article-title":"International validation of novel pyrogen tests based on human monocytoid cells","volume":"298","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0090","series-title":"ICCVAM Test Method Evaluation Report: Validation Status of Five In Vitro Test Methods Proposed for Assessing Potential Pyrogenicity of Pharmaceuticals and Other Products","author":"ICCVAM","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519020080020501","article-title":"Investigation into the interaction of recombinant human serum albumin with Re-lipopolysaccharide and lipid A","volume":"8","author":"J\u00fcrgens","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Endotoxin Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2014.01.005","article-title":"Cryopreservation of human monocytes for pharmacopeial Monocyte Activation Test","volume":"405","author":"Koryakina","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0105","first-page":"69","article-title":"Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00e9todos alternativos na determina\u00e7\u00e3o da contamina\u00e7\u00e3o pirog\u00eanica no controle de produtos injet\u00e1veis sujeitos \u00e0 Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria","volume":"8","author":"Melandri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Universitas: Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0110","first-page":"588","article-title":"Evaluation of the in vitro test system based on proinflammatory cytokine release from human monocytes: comparison with human blood culture test system and with the Rabbit Pyrogen Test","volume":"9","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.2011.3.227","article-title":"Monocyte Activation Test (MAT) reliably detects pyrogens in parenteral formulations of human serum albumin","volume":"28","author":"Perdomo-Morales","year":"2011","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"issue":"8577","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90338-8","article-title":"Detection of pyrogen by cytokine release","volume":"1","author":"Poole","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0125","series-title":"Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o (Mestrado)\u2013Curso de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biologia Celular e Molecular","article-title":"Teste de libera\u00e7\u00e3o de citocinas como m\u00e9todo alternativo ao ensaio de pirog\u00eanio em coelhos no controle da qualidade de produtos injet\u00e1veis","author":"Presgrave","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2004.08.019","article-title":"Cryopreservation of human whole blood for pyrogenicity testing","volume":"294","author":"Schindler","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2006.07.023","article-title":"International validation of pyrogen tests based on cryopreserved human primary blood cells","volume":"316","author":"Schindler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.2009.4.265","article-title":"Development, validation and applications of the monocyte activation test for pyrogens based on human whole blood","volume":"26","author":"Schindler","year":"2009","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425915583365","article-title":"An improved Monocyte Activation Test using cryopreserved pooled human mononuclear cells","author":"Solati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Innate Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0155","series-title":"Pirogens: LAL Testing and Depyrogenation","article-title":"Endotoxins","author":"Williams","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/2050-6511-15-50","article-title":"Pyrogen detection methods: comparison of bovine Whole Blood Assay (bWBA) and Monocyte Activation Test (MAT)","volume":"15","author":"Wunderlich","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12148","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 as a read out for endotoxin detection in a bovine whole blood assay","volume":"38","author":"Wunderlich","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."}],"container-title":["Toxicology in Vitro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0887233315300278?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0887233315300278?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T20:21:23Z","timestamp":1599942083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0887233315300278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0887233315300278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-2333"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-2333","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Applicability of the Monocyte Activation Test (MAT) for hyperimmune sera in the routine of the quality control laboratory: Comparison with the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Toxicology in Vitro","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}